Lecture7thelastleaf.pptx

Lecture 7 The Last LeafO.HenryWarm-up Questions1.Have you read any O.Henrys stories?2.What stories have you read?Can you name some of them?Warm-up ActivityTheCopandtheAnthemTheGiftoftheMagiTheFurnishedRoomCabbagesandKingsFourmillionsHeartoftheWestThevoiceoftheCity警察与赞美诗警察与赞美诗麦琪的礼物麦琪的礼物带家具出租的房间带家具出租的房间白菜与国王白菜与国王四百万四百万西部之心西部之心市声市声Abouttheauthor:O.Henry is the pseudonym sudnmof William Sydney Porter,and he lived between 1862-1910.He was a great American short story writer.When he was young,he attended school only until the age of 15.Then he worked in his uncles drugstore and later he worked in a bank in Texas.Unfortunately,in 1896,he was charged with embezzling money from the bank where he worked.But he didnt report to the police,instead he chose to flee from the trial.Abouttheauthor:Then in 1897,he learned that his wife was dying,so he returned to Texas.After his wifes death,he was caught and was sentenced to jail for five years,but he served only 3 years.During the three years in prison,he began to write short stories with the name of O.Henry.Released from prison,O.Henry began writing full time.During the last ten years of his life,he became one of the most popular writers in America,publishing over 300 short stories in dozens of widely read periodicals.ReadingReading Story whenwhowhatwhereIn 1899,Greenwich Village in New York Citycharacters the doctor SueJohnsyBehrman Johnsy and Sue are artists who move into Greenwich Village in New York City.As Winter approaches and the weather gets colder,Johnsy becomes ill with pneumonianmon.She gets so sick that she believes that when the last leaf falls from the vine outside her window,she will die.An old artist,named Behrman,who lives in the same building as the girls,braves a storm one night to paint a leaf on the wall a leaf that will never fall.Cold and wet from painting in the icy rain,he catches pneumonia and dies.This gives Johnsy the hope to survive her illness,and it also creates the masterpiece Behrman had always dreamed of paintingCharactersEventSuesroommateJohnsycaughtpneumoniaThefirstsceneWhatmadeSueandJohnsydecidedtosetupajointstudio?Theyhadthesametaste.WhathappenedtoJohnsy?shecaughtPneumonia.ThefirstsceneInNovemberacold,unseenstranger,whomthedoctorcalledPneumonia,stalkedaboutthecolony,touchingonehereandtherewithhisicyfingers.Johnsywasamonghisvictims.personificationTheshoesdancedacrossthefloorthestormisliftingitsblackarmstotheskybackgroundAccordingtothedoctor,howwouldJohnsybeabletorecoverfrompneumonia?WhathadbeenJohnsysambitionbeforeshefellill?HowdidSuewentintoJohnsysroom?Why?theSecondSceneThe doctortoldSue thatJohnsyneededastrongwilltoliveon.CharactersEventtheSecondSceneWhatcouldJohnsyseewhilelyinginbed?WhydidJohnsycounttheleaves?Whatwas,atfirst,Johnsydeterminedtodoifthelastivyleafshouldfall?ThethirdScene1.WhatcouldJohnsyseewhilelyinginbed?Therewasonlyabaredrearyyardtobeseen,andtheblanksideofthebrickhouse.Anold,oldivyvineclimbedhalfwayupthebrickwall.2.WhydidJohnsycounttheleaves?Whenthelastleaffellshewoulddie.Thecoldbreathofautumnhadblownawayitsleaves,leavingitalmostbare.Whatwas,atfirst,Johnsydeterminedtodoifthelastivyleafshouldfall?Shemadeuphermindtodiewhenthelastleaffell.ThethirdSceneCharactersEventJohnsy,SueJohnsydecidedthatshewoulddiewhenthelastivyleaffell.Iamtiredofwaiting.Iamtiredofthinking.ParalleledsentencesWhatdidBehrmanreactwhenheheardofJohnsysfancy?WhydidJohnsyseeoutofherwindowfearfullyattheivyvine?TheforthSceneTheforthSceneCharactersEventBerman,SueShetoldBermanaboutJohnsysfancy.painterliveonthegroundflooroversixtylongwhitebeardafailureinartservingasamodelfiercelittlemanregardedashimselfasguarddogOld BehrmanDoesBehrmanhaveadream?MasterpiecePersonificationInonecornerwasablankcanvasonaneaselthathadbeenwaitingtherefortwenty-fiveyearstoreceivethefirstlineofthemasterpiece.WhatdidJohnsyseeoutofherwindowthenextmorning?Shesawtheivyleafwasstillthere.WhateffectdidthelastleafproduceonJohnsy?Shedecidednottogiveupherlife.ThefifthSceneHowwasitthatthecoldfiercewinddidnotblowawaythelastleaf?Behrman,akindneighbor,whowasawareofJohnsysstateofmind,riskeddeathtopaintthelastleafandsaveher.ThefifthSceneThefifthSceneCharactersEventSue,JohnsyAsJohnsywasencouragedbythelastleafthatwouldntgiveintotheweather,herwilltolivereturned.ThesixthScenePara.34-37CharactersEventthedoctor,SueThedoctortoldSuethatJohnsywouldrecoveredbutBehrmancaughtpneumoniahimselfandhiscasewashopeless.TheseventhSceneCharactersEventSue,JohnsySuetoldJohnsythatBehrmanhadperformedakinddeedwithoutanythoughtofself.WhydidSuecallthepaintedleafBehrmansmasterpiece?BecauseitlookedsorealthatJohnsycouldhaveneverimagineditwasfake.Inadeepersense,becauseitsavedJohnsyslife.LanguagePoints1.jointadj.共同的；连接的；【构词】joint=join(加入)+t(n)【例句】Thehouseisourjointproperty.这房子是我们的共同财产。Theseforeignershaveputforwardaproposalforajointventure.这些外国人提出了一个合资企业的建议。【常见搭配】jointefforts共同努力jointownership共同所有takejointaction2.victimn.牺牲品，受害的人(或动物)【例句】Manypetsarevictimsofoverfeeding.有许多宠物因喂食过量而遭殃。Thesilentboyisavictimofthedivorcedfamily.【常见搭配】fall(a)victimto:becomethevictimof成为的受害者Hesoonfellvictimtohercharms.Thecompanyhasfallenvictimtoincreasedcompetition.3.fierceadj.凶猛的;愤怒的【例句】Iwasreallyscaredbyhisfiercelook.我被他凶狠的表情吓坏了。【常见搭配】fierceeffort拼命努力他拼命用功以赶上同学。Hemadeafierceefforttocatchupwithhisclassmates.【派生】fiercelyadv.（副词）fiercenessn.（名词）4.fancyn.幻想,幻觉；爱好【例句】Ialwayshavethefancythathewillcomeback.我常常幻想他会回来。Ivesuddenlytakenafancytodetectivestories.我突然喜欢上了侦探小说.他迷上了邻家的女孩。Hetookafancytothegirlnextdoor.【常见搭配】aftersbsfancy中某人意catchthefancyofsb.吸引某人fancyball/dress/fair/skating/oneself/man/woman5.streamn.河；流vi.&vt.流【例句】Thestreamisshallow.那条小溪水很浅。Myeyeswerestreamingwithtears.我的眼中流下了泪水。【辨析】currentstreamCurrent可指空气，水，电等的流，强调流动的方向或路线以及力量和速度。Stream主要指“溪流”，强调源源不断流动的概念【派生】streamyadj.多河川的；流水般的【近形】screamvi.尖叫n.尖叫声steam6.subtractvt.减，减去，去掉【例句】subtract8from10,andyouhave2.10减8得2。Thatsubtractsnothingfromhismerit.那丝毫没有减损他的功绩。【常见搭配】sth.(fromsth.)减去【派生】subtractiveadj.(可)减少的，负的subtractionn.减(法)【近形】abstractadj.抽象的n.摘要7.bareadj.赤裸的；仅仅的【例句】Hejustwalkedinbarefeetontheruggedpath.他赤脚走在崎岖的小路上。Tomearnabaresubsistencewage.汤姆挣得工资勉强糊口。【辨析】bare,naked,nude：都含“没有衣物或必需的遮蔽物的”、“赤裸”的意思。naked指“没有必需物遮盖的”、“全裸或身体某部分裸的”,语气较强,如:(1)Shewascompletelynaked.她一丝不挂。nude比naked更正式,只用于人,指“一丝不挂的”、“全裸的”,如:Shedoesntlikenudeswimming.她不喜欢裸泳。(2)bare指“没遮蔽物的”(指物)、“部分裸体的”(指人),如:atreebareofleaves光秃秃的树;(3)barearms赤臂8.sinn.罪，罪孽vi.犯罪【例句】Itsasintowastefood.浪费粮食是一种罪过。【辨析】crime;sincrime:触犯法律的罪行sin:冒犯上帝或宗教的罪恶、罪孽【派生】sinfuladj.罪孽深重的，有罪的,有过失的sinlessadj.无罪的;无辜的9.acuteadj.尖的，锐的；敏锐的；严重的【例句】城里严重缺水。Theresanacuteshortageofwaterinthecity.Apaintermustbeanacuteobserver.画家必须敏于观察。Hehasveryacutehearing.(anacutesenseofsmell)【常见搭配】acutedisease急性发作的病acuteangle锐角【辨析】keen,acute,sharp,shrewd这些形容词均有“锐利的、敏锐的、机敏的”之意。keen多指对复杂艰深的事物或问题有敏锐的观察和敏捷的理解。acute侧重感觉敏锐，能分辨出一般人难以觉察的细微区别。sharp指人头脑精明、敏锐或机警。shrewd指有头脑，善于判断分析，精明过人10.scarcelyadv.仅仅；几乎不【例句】Therewerescarcelyahundredpeoplepresent.出席的不足一百人。Tomysurprise,theguideturnedouttoknowscarcelyawordofEnglish.让我吃惊的是，那个向导几乎一点英语都不懂。【常见搭配】scarcelyany几乎没有Shehadscarcelyanybreathtotellusanything.她几乎没有力气跟我们说话。【辨析】hardly,scarcely,barely这些副词均含“几乎不”之意。hardly指接近最低限度，差不多没有多余，强调困难和程度。scarcely指不太充分，不太够，不足，不能令人满意，强调数量。barely指仅仅够，一点不多，强调没有多余。Hehasbarelyenoughmoneytoliveon.他的钱仅够勉强维持生计。11.stalk(Line2,Para2):vt.quietlyfollowapersonoranimalwhilestayinghiddenandwaitingtocatchorkillthem潜伏跟踪【例句】Thedetectivefollowedthesuspectwhereverhewent,likeawildanimalstalkingitsprey.vi.walkstiffly,proudlyorangrily大踏步走，踱着方步走【例句】Shestalkedoutofthehouseinarage.(literary)Ifsth.unpleasantstalksaplace,itappearsthereinathreateningway.（邪恶势力、疾病等）悄悄而可怕地（在某地）蔓延【例句】Famineanddiseasebegantostalktheregionaftertheflood.12.excessAnexcessofraincausedseverefloods.Theybotheattoexcess(=alotmorethantheyneed).Hewaspraisedtoexcess.Heneversmokedordranktoexcess.Cf.：inexcessof:morethan大于；多于；超过Weshouldnotspendinexcessofincome.Lastyearsprofitswereinexcessofonebilliondollars.13.smell of(Line1,Para19):散发气味Myhandssmellofonions.Thedrainisblockedandsmellsdisgustinglyofrottenfish.14.mingle:vi.vt.混合起来,相混合;交往,往来(+with/in)Nearthebridge,thewatersofthetwostreamsmingled.在桥的附近,两条溪流的水汇合了。Hemingledinthecrowdandlostinsight.他混入人群，看不见了。Itwasacrythatmingledfrightwithsurprise.那是一声夹着恐惧与惊讶的喊叫。Sheacceptedthemoneywithmingledfeelings.她悲喜交集地收下了这笔钱。辨析：辨析：mingle,mix都表示“混合”的意思。Mingle指一般多种事物混合后，各事物保持个性，可以区分开来Mix指事物混合后，就不可区分，水和油可以mingle，不可mix。15.wear away(oftime)passgradually;(causeto)becomethinordamagedbyconstantuse（时间）流逝；磨损Theydidntreachanagreement.Insteadtheyworetheafternoonawayinarguing.Chewingfoodwearsawayapersonsteethaftermanyyears.16.cling to(Line2,Para27):holdtightto;refusetoreleaseorletgo;remainfaithful(idea/belief)紧紧抓住（或抱住）；坚持，Thebabyclingstohermother.Thesickmanclungtotheideathathewouldbewellagain.Thevictimclungtothehopethatsomeonewouldcometohisrescue.17.stand out（from/against):beeasilyseen;benoticeable突出，显眼Amongthewriters,O.Henrystoodoutasarealmaster.KobeBryantstandsoutasabasketballplayer.Redstandsoutagainstthewhitebackground.outstanding:excellent,exceptionallygood;conspicuousstandforstandupforUseful Expressions各处一成的可能性 画板 吹着轻快的口哨 倒着数几乎以耳语般的声音 十有八九 厌烦hereandthereonechanceintendrawingboardwhistleamerrytunecountbackwardinalmostawhispertentoonebetiredof撇开一切撇开一切 看上去很像看上去很像 无节制地喝无节制地喝 至于其他至于其他大肆嘲笑大肆嘲笑 凝视着凝视着显眼，突出显眼，突出 （时间）流逝（时间）流逝紧紧抱住紧紧抱住脱离危险脱离危险 湿透湿透没这回事没这回事turnlooseonesholdoneverythinglookthepartdrinktoexcessfortherestmockterriblyatpeerat/stareatstandoutwearawayclingtobeoutofdangerbewetthroughnothingofthekindRetellthestory:TheLastLeaf