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Unit3 Is this your pencil?
话题:教室中的物品
教学目标:询问物品的所属
学生学会如何写寻物启事和失物招领启事
重点:含有be动词的一般疑问句
难点:含有be动词的陈述句变一般疑问句
一般疑问句的肯定与 否定回答
知识点:
1. Is that your schoolbag?
这是一个一般疑问句,一般疑问句是对一件事情或某种情况是否真实提出疑问的句子。
be 动词的一般疑问句,方法是把be 移到主语前面,也可说成是移到句首。当有I的时候改为you, 有my的时候改为your, 再把后面的成分加上去,简称: 调(改)加。回答一般疑问句,肯定回答,先Yes,再写一般疑问句中的主语+be动词。否定回答:No,再写一般疑问句中的主语+be动词加not.
注意:
1) 在肯定的简略回答中,主语不能与be动词缩写在一起,且主语应有代词主格充当。
---Is Li Lei your friend? 李雷是你的朋友吗?
---Yes, he is. 是的,他是。
2) 在否定的简略回答中,be动词常与Not缩写在一起,一般分不开。
---Is she a doctor?
---No, she isn't.
3) am和not不能缩写。
4) 两缩写不能同时使用。
They are not my rulers. (不能缩写成They'ren't)它们不是我的尺子。
Is the man a science teacher? Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.
Are Mary's new dresses colorful? Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
Is mother in the kitchen then? Yes, she is. / No, she is not..
Are you at home? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
练习:
把下列各题变成一般疑问句。
1. This is a coat.
__________________________________________
2. That is an apple.
__________________________________________
3. She is a beautiful girl.
__________________________________________
4. He is clever.
__________________________________________
5. These are my friends.
__________________________________________
6. I am nine-year-old.
__________________________________________
7. I am Lily.
__________________________________________
8. They are cars.
__________________________________________
9. Those are desks.
__________________________________________
10. It is a cat.
__________________________________________
给出下列一般疑问句的肯定以及否定回答。
1. Is this a coat?
肯定回答:__________________________
否定回答:__________________________
2. Are those cars?
肯定回答:___________________________
否定回答:___________________________
3. Are you friends?
肯定回答:___________________________
否定回答:___________________________
4. Is she a student?
肯定回答:__________________________
否定回答:__________________________
5. Is he clever?
肯定回答:_________________________
我总结出来的规律是:
肯定回答Yes, 主语+be
否定回答No, 主语+be+not
对Are you 肯定回答用I am
否定回答用I am not.
否定回答:__________________________
6. Are you nine-year-old.
肯定回答:__________________________
否定回答:_________________________
7. Is she a beautiful girl?
肯定回答:________________________
否定回答:________________________
8. Are these your friends?
肯定回答:________________________
否定回答:________________________
9. Is that an apple.
肯定回答:_________________________
否定回答:________________________
10. Is he at home?
肯定回答:________________________
否定回答:________________________
指示代词this, that,其相对应的复数为these those
this
指代较近的一个人或物
that
指代较远的一个人或物
these
指代较近的多个人或物
those
指代较远的多个人或物
注意:
1) 距离说话近的人或物用this,距离说话人远的人或物用that.
This is a flower. 这是一朵花。
That is a tree. 那是一棵树。
2) 放在一起的两样东西,先说this, 再说that.
This is a pen. That is a pencil.
3) this is 不能缩写,that is 可以缩写。
4) 在回答this或that作主语的一般疑问句时,要用it代替this, that.
2. no 与not
no
副词,“不,不是”
通常用于一般疑问句和反意疑问句的否定回答,反义词是Yes.
形容词,“没有”
no+名单=not a/an+名单
mo+可数名复=not any+名复/不可数名
not
副词,“不”
谓语be动词,情态动词,助动词后构成否定,不能单独使用。
I have _________ money.
I am ________ a good mother.
It is _________ a cat. It's a hat.
---Are you English? ---________. I'm Chinese.
---are you English? ---________, I'm ________.
3. 物主代词
人称
单复数
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
第一人称
单数
my
mine
复数
our
ourselves
第二人称
单数
your
yourself
复数
your
yourselves
第三人称
单数
his
his
her
hers
its
its
复数
them
themselves
物主代词分为名代与形代,名代常用来代替前面提到的名词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,名词性物主代词也可用在of后面作定语,相当于of+名词所有格。形容词性物主代词一般作定语,修饰名词,不能独立使用。
1.______ is a teacher. We all love _________.(她)
2. ________ is a good boy. Let's play with _________. (他)
3. ______is in the classroom. You can find ________ in your desk.(它)
4. ---_______ are very smart today. ---Thank _______ very much. (你)
5._______ can't find my ruler. Please help _________write the lost and found. (我)
6. I can't find _________(我的) dictionary. Can I use __________(你的)?
7. George lost __________(他的) pen.
8. The notebook isn't mine . It's __________(她的).
9. ---Mike, is this ___________(你的)picture? ---Yes, it is.
10. This is ________(她的) ID card. ____________(我的)is in my schoolbag.
3. Thank you.
这是一个表达谢意的礼貌用语,不仅用在陌生人之间,在家庭成员,朋友家间因对方给了帮助或者表示关心,夸奖,赞美,称赞,都会用到这句话。
thank you for意为“为……感谢你”其中for为介词,后面可接名词,代词,或动名词,常见的短语有thank sb. for sth. thank sb. for doing sth.
区分thank与thanks
thank 及物动词 Thank you very much. Thank you for teaching me English.
thanks 名词 Thanks a lot. Thanks for teaching me English.
Thank you ________ your letter(信) 。 A. for B. to C. at
_______ for teaching me so(这样)well. A. Thanks you B. Thanks C. Thank
4. What about this dictionary? 这本词典呢?
what about意为“如何,好吗,怎么样”类似短语还有how about. 征求对方的意见或在上文的基础上问相同问题以避免重复。 后接名词,代词或动词的ing形式。
What about a cup of tea? How about a cup of tea?
我喜欢北京的秋天, 你呢? I like the autumn in Beijing, ________ ________ you?
How about this book? (改同义句) ______ ________ this book?
What about ________(go) shopping?
5. I must find it. 我必须找到它。
must情态动词,意为“必须,一定”
情态动词特征
1) 有一定的词义,但不完整,不能单独作谓语,它们和实义动词或连系动词一块连用,构成谓语。
He must be there.
2) 除have to外,其他没有人称和数的变化。
3) 有些情态动词没有过去式,如must,有些有过去式,如can-could, may-might, shall-should, will-would, have-had to.
4) 情态动词后接动词原形。
5) 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待,估计某事的发生,或说话者对某一动作或状态的态度。
Mary can speak a little English.
We must hurry up,
情态动词的否定形式
一般在他们的后面直接加not
7. Call me at 685-6034.请打电话685-6034找我。
call及物动词,意为“打电话”
常见短语
call sb.
call +电话号码
call sb. at+电话号码
Call my father ______994-5678. A. in B. with C. to D. at
Ask the teacher _________ the answer(答案)、 A. to B. for C. of D. in
请拨打456-1234找小明。Please _______ Xiaoming _____ 456-1234.
我向爸爸要了一辆自行车。 I ________ my father _______ a bike.
8. A set of keys 一串钥匙
a set of+名复,表示一串……一列……一套……,谓语动词用单数。
of为介词,常用来表示所属关系。
拓展:名词的格的构成
(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加's。如:Children's Day(儿童节), my sister's book(我姐姐的书)
(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加'。如:Teachers' Day(教师节)
(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加's. 如:
today's newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes' break(十分钟的课间休息), five minutes' walk五分钟的步行,China's population(中国的人口).
(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。如:
a friend of mine.我的一个朋友。 表示无生命东西的名词的所有关系,一般使用与of构成的短语结构。 例如: the front door of the house 那屋子的前门
There is a map of the world on the back wall of our classroom.我们教室的后墙上有一张世界地图。
9. How do you spell it?
这是一个特殊疑问句,由特殊疑问词“how”+一般疑问句,用来询问做某事的方式。
how的常见用法:
1)How +助动词+主语+其他?构成的特殊疑问句。
2)How “如何,怎样”询问身体健康状况,一般生活情况, 天气, 方式等。
3)How do you do ? 你好! 用语初次见面。 回答也用How do you do ?
4)常与how搭配构成的特殊疑问词组,用来提问的有:how old询问年龄,how much用来询问价格,how much/many询问数量等。
do为助动词,用来帮助实义动词构成疑问句。在一般现在时态中,当句中主语为第三人称,用do的第三人称单数形式does. do和does没有实际意义,只是结构上构成一般疑问句。
How _____ you ? A. are B. do C. is
How _______ you spell answer? A. are B. do C. is
How _____ you _______ ? A. do , are B. are, do C. do , do
How _______ the weather (天气) today? A. are B. is C. do
2003年,全年商品消费价格总水平比上年上升1%。消费品市场销售平稳增长。全年完成社会消费品零售总额2220.64亿元,比上年增长9.1%。---What color is it ?
“碧芝”最吸引人的是那些小巧的珠子、亮片等,都是平日里不常见的。据店长梁小姐介绍,店内的饰珠有威尼斯印第安的玻璃珠、秘鲁的陶珠、奥地利的施华洛世奇水晶、法国的仿金片、日本的梦幻珠等,五彩缤纷,流光异彩。按照饰珠的质地可分为玻璃、骨质、角质、陶制、水晶、仿金、木制等种类,其造型更是千姿百态:珠型、圆柱型、动物造型、多边形、图腾形象等,美不胜收。全部都是进口的,从几毛钱一个到几十元一个的珠子,做一个成品饰物大约需要几十元,当然,还要决定于你的心意 尽管售价不菲,却仍没挡住喜欢它的人。 ---________. A. Yes, it is B. No, it isn't . C. It's yellow.
My father is fine. ________ _________ your father?
在上海, 随着轨道交通的发展,地铁商铺应运而生,并且在重要商圈已经形成一定的气候,投资经营地铁商铺逐渐为一大热门。在人民广场地下的迪美购物中心,有一家DIY自制饰品店--“碧芝自制饰品店”随堂练习:
一 把下列句子分别变为一般疑问句
1. Her family name is King.
(四)DIY手工艺品的“个性化”____________________________
2. My phone number is 456-6226.
_____________________________
我们长期呆在校园里,没有工作收入一直都是靠父母生活,在资金方面会表现的比较棘手。不过,对我们的小店来说还好,因为我们不需要太多的投资。3. I'm Jenny.
_______________________________
4. This is his pencil sharpener.
送人□ 有实用价值□ 装饰□__________________________________
4. WWW。google。com。cn。 大学生政策 2004年3月23日5. Lu Ping and Xia Yu are my friends.
大学生的消费是多种多样,丰富多彩的。除食品外,很大一部分开支都用于。服饰,娱乐,小饰品等。女生都比较偏爱小饰品之类的消费。女生天性爱美,对小饰品爱不释手,因为饰品所展现的魅力,女人因饰品而妩媚动人,亮丽。据美国商务部调查资料显示女人占据消费市场最大分额,随社会越发展,物质越丰富,女性的时尚美丽消费也越来越激烈。因此也为饰品业创造了无限的商机。 据调查统计,有50% 的同学曾经购买过DIY饰品,有90% 的同学表示若在学校附近开设一家DIY手工艺制品,会去光顾。我们认为:我校区的女生就占了80%。相信开饰品店也是个不错的创业方针。___________________________________
二 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. ______(be) this her backpack.
2. _______answer is right (I).
小饰品店往往会给人零乱的感觉,采用开架陈列就会免掉这个麻烦。“漂亮女生”像是个小超市,同一款商品色彩丰富地挂了几十个任你挑,拿上东西再到收银台付款。这也符合女孩子精挑细选的天性,更保持了店堂长盛不衰的人气。3. ______(be) your ID card Number Three?
(2)物品的独一无二4. Your name_______(be) nice.
5. Nice__________(meet) you.
6. Is this________(you) English book?
7. We ________(be) good students.
8. ________(she) family name is Bush.
9. What is________(he) first name?
10. That is________(I) ID card.
三 选择填空
( )1. This _________ her watch.
A. not is B. not are C. isn't D. aren't
( )2.Call Jenny ______345-8008,please.
A. at B. in C. to D. an
( )3.—What's that ______ English.—It's a right.
A. at B. in C. an D. to
( )4. —Is this ______ pear?
—No, it isn't. It's _______egg./
A. a, an B. an, a C. a, a D. an, an
( )5. What's that?______ a ruler.
A. It B. Its C. It's D. That's
( )6. —Is this an eraser?—_________,it______.
A. Yes, isn't B. Yes, is C. No, is D. No, not
( )7.There is an ________ in the word “watch”.
A. t B. w C. c D. h
( )8. —Is Becky her name?—Yes, _______is.
A. it B. she C. he D. her
( )9.This is not my notebook . Ask Jim. I think it's ______ cup.
A. your B. her C. their D. his
( )10. —Is this your backpack?—Yes, it is._____________
A. Thank you B. You're welcome C. OK, please D. Excuse me
( )11. —Is this her book?—_________, it isn't.
A. Yes B. Not C. OK D. No
( )12. —How _________you spell it?—E-R-A-S-E-R.
A. is B. at C. to D. of
( )13.Her computer game is________ the lost and found case.
A. in B. at C. to D. of
( )14. —___________, is this your key? —Yes, it is.
A. Hi B. thanks C. Excuse me D. OK
( )15. —your backpack is nice. —_________.
A. That's all right B. OK, it's nice C. No, isn't nice D. Thank you
五 写出下面单词的复数形式
1. parent _________ 2. pencil _______ 3. clock _____________
4. watch _________ 5. dictionary __________ 6. cousin ___________
六 把下面句子由单数形式变为复数形式
1. This is his uncle.
_______________________________________________
2. That girl is my cousin.
____________________________________
3. Is it your dictionary?
_______________________________
4. The ID card is in the lost and found case.
_____________________________________
5.—What's that in English?
—It's an apple.
—_____________________________
—____________________________
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