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chapter3:Grammarchapter3:Grammar反身代词反身代词 (Reflexive Pronoun)我们已经学过了人称代词、物主代我们已经学过了人称代词、物主代词、指示代词等。词、指示代词等。今天详细学习反身代词。今天详细学习反身代词。复习物主代词复习物主代词(Possessive Pronoun)Personal Pronoun(人称代词)(人称代词)Possessive Determiner(物主限定词)(物主限定词)Possessive Pronoun(物主代词)(物主代词)Imymineyouyouryourshehishissheherhersit itsitswe ouroursyouyouryourstheytheirtheirs物主代词在句中起名词词组的作用,可作主语、主语补语、宾语、介词补足语成分以及同位语等。Someone hit a car in the parking lot,mine unfortunately.物主代词还可在“双重属格”(DoubleGenitive)结构中作介词of的补足成分。He is a friend of mine.We were absorbed in that song of yours.Exercises:1.Thesebooksare_._arein_schoolbag.()A.my,You,youB.my,Yours,yourC.mine,Yours,yoursD.mine,Yours,your2.Everyoneshouldbecarefulof_grammar.A.theirB.onesC.ourD.his3.Ourroomisbig.But_isbiggerthan_.A.theirs,oursB.their,ourC.theirs,ourD.their,oursGodhelpsthosehelpthemselves.什么是反身代词?反身代词又称为自身代词,表示动反身代词又称为自身代词,表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它还可以在句中起到强调的作用,用还可以在句中起到强调的作用,用以加强语气。以加强语气。英语中共有八个反身代词,在使用时应注英语中共有八个反身代词,在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。其基本形式如下表所示:数上保持一致。其基本形式如下表所示:第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselves yourselvesthemselves用法展现用法展现反身代词可在句中作同位语、宾反身代词可在句中作同位语、宾语、主语补语以及介词补足成分等。语、主语补语以及介词补足成分等。反身代词的用法可分为两大类:p强调性用法p非强调性用法l强调性用法,反身代词要重读1、反身代词作同位语2、反身代词作介补成分表对比或特殊意义3、反身代词作主语补语l非强调性用法,不需重读1、反身代词作介补成分的一般情况2、反身代词作宾语强调主语,反代灵活。The manager himself will interview Lucy.The manager will interview Lucy himself.Himself,the manager will interview Lucy.强调非主,反代直跟。I spoke to the president himself.I like the diamond itself but not the setting.强调主语,反代灵活。The manager himself will interview Lucy.The manager will interview Lucy himself.Himself,the manager will interview Lucy.强调非主,反代直跟。I spoke to the president himself.I like the diamond itself but not the setting.1可用作主语或宾语的同位语,常用来加强可用作主语或宾语的同位语,常用来加强语气(表示强调)。语气(表示强调)。如:SheherselfwillflytoLondontomorrow.明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。Imetthewriterhimselflastweek.我上周见到了那位作家本人。2可用作宾语,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。如:Mariaboughtherselfascarf.玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾。如:Wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.我们必须好好照顾自己。3可用作表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如:Sheisntquiteherselftoday.她今天有点不舒服。4做介补成分(表对比意义)He thinks of himself but not of you.介补成分表特殊意义He was beside himself with joy.他他欣喜若狂欣喜若狂。The matter is between ourselves.这件事这件事不要让外人知道不要让外人知道。介词+反身代词byoneselfofoneself单独地,独自地自行地,自发,自动,自然而然(byoneself主要含义为“独自、亲自,没有别人帮助,相当于alone;ofoneself是指不受外界事物干涉而自行完成的动作,常用在不及物动词之后)Thelittlegirlwrotetheletterallbyherself.l那封信是小女孩独自写成的。Thehousestandsallbyitselfonthehill.l那所房子孤零零地耸立在山顶上。Youneednotcallhim;hewillwakeupofhimself.l你不必叫他,他自己会醒的。Thefirewentoutofitself.l火是自己熄灭的。foroneself亲自,为自己,代表自己;独自地(foroneself一般表示“为自己”的意思)Hekeptthebookforhimself.他把这本书留给自己用。我有要辩白的话。Ihavesomethingtosayformyself.Onecantdosuchathingforoneself.这样的事情独自一个人是做不成的。tooneself“供某人独自用”和“暗自”的含义这个车箱就只有我们几个人。Wehadthewholecompartmenttoourselves.Hehasaroomtohimself.他独住一间房。他似乎在自言自语。Heappearedtobetalkingtohimself.inoneself本质,本身实际上,就其本质而言那部书本身是个小图书馆。Thebookisreallyasmalllibraryinitself.水本质是无色的.Wateriscolorlessinitself.amongthemselves(ourselves,yourselves)一起,共同之间Theywerearguingamongthemselves.他们在一起争论besideoneself(with.).得要命,失常,发狂.Onhearingthegoodnews,hewasbesidehimselfwithjoy.一听到这个好消息,他简直欣喜若狂.betweenourselves私下谈;不和外人谈(=betweenyouandme;betweenyou,meandthegatepost)Thismatterisbetweenourselves.这件事别对外人讲inspiteofoneselfIlaughedinspiteofmyself.不由自主地我不由自主的笑起来.4 用在某些固定短语当中。用在某些固定短语当中。如lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顾自己teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自学enjoyoneself玩得高兴,过得愉快helponeselftosth请自用(随便吃/喝些).hurtoneself摔伤自己saytooneself自言自语loseoneselfin沉浸于,陶醉于之中leavesb.byoneself把某人单独留下buyoneselfsth.给自己买东西introduceoneself介绍自己反身代词一些特殊用法反身代词一些特殊用法在由在由“find,hear,catch+反身代词反身代词”构成的结构中,构成的结构中,宾语补语有时候宾语补语有时候表示自己处于某种不自觉的状态。表示自己处于某种不自觉的状态。Mr.Jonesfoundhimselfthinking.Shecaughtherselfmakingthesamemistake.乔斯先生不知不觉沉思起来。她突然发现自己又犯了同样的错误。反身代词其他用法反身代词作主语补语属于强调性用法,这种用法通常反身代词作主语补语属于强调性用法,这种用法通常表示表示身体状况或并列补语的一部分身体状况或并列补语的一部分。Frankisnotquitehimselftoday.(身体不适)Thegirlwillbeherselfinnotime.(很快康复)NowIfeelquitemyself.(感觉好多了)【温馨提醒】1 反身代词不能单独做主语,反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语,起强但可以做主语的同位语,起强调作用。调作用。如:我自己能完成作业。如:我自己能完成作业。(误)Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.(正)Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.2反身代词表示“某人自己”,不能表示“某人的东西”,因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的(东西)”时,须要用onesown.如:我用我自己的蜡笔画画。(误)Imdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.(正)Imdrawingwithmyowncrayons掌握反身代词的用法了吗?请到“练练吧”中的“反身代词练习”中一试身手吧!趁热打铁趁热打铁1.Myclassmate,LiMing,madeacardfor_justnow.我们刚刚看完反身代词的用法show,现在来这里练练身手吧!2.Badluck!Icut_withaknifeyesterday.3.Theytellustheycanlookafter_verywell.4.Mycatcanfindfoodby_.5.Help_tosomebeef,boys.6.Jennyenjoyed_intheparkyesterdayafternoon.7.Wecanfinishourhomeworkby_.8.Theblindgirllost_inthebeautifulmusic.9.XiaoHui,canyouintroduce_tous?10.Billwantstoteach_Frenchfromnowon.Exercises:1.Tomfeltthathekneweverybodysbusinessbetterthantheyknewit().A.themselvesB.oneselfC.itselfD.himself2.Apersonwhotalksto_isnotnecessarilymad.A.himselfB.oneselfC.yourselfD.itself3.Godhelpsthosewhohelp_.A.himselfB.itselfC.themselvesD.ourselvesThank you!
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