临清四所高中联合制作生物教学案：必修三第二章第2节《通过激素的调节》教案.doc

position-related consumption of civil servants has been swept by finance, consumer, regardless of cost, extravagance and waste in the civil service position-related consumption, abuse, corruption and embezzlement, corruption is important. Then, under the conditions of market economy, how to reform the existing civil duty consumption management, explores a source to prevent and curb the post consumption corruption way, is currently a major issue faced by honest work. Recently, I conducted research on this issue, this problem on some humble opinions. First, the existing public servants duty consumption the main problems seen from the investigation and reasons, in recent years, public servants duty consumption caused by the abuses and not a person of integrity, is one of the major problems in the party in Government, its operation order have a negative effect on the party and Government organs, seriously damaging the image of the party and the Government, undermining the relationship between party and the masses, effect, opening up and economic construction. From I County in recent years of governance situation see, positions consumption in the produced of two not phenomenon rendering four a features: a is positions consumption system lost has due of binding, right is greater than rules, and right is greater than method of phenomenon more highlight; II is in positions consumption in the Camera Obscura operation, using terms, will positions consumption into has personal consumption, will corporate points to into personal points to, makes positions consumption in some aspects has into positions enjoy and self-dealing of means; three is to positions consumption for name, fraud, false impersonator, Trend of negative corruption phenomena such as corruption and misappropriation; four palaces, follow the fashion, rivalries, wasteful, and post consumption became a symbol of showing off their individual capacities. Caused by public servants duty consumption of many two phenomenon in which people reflect the biggest problems are: (a) the official car problems. Mainly in three aspects: one is the larger buses cost expenditure. According to statistics, until November 2003, XX County township Department bus 159 cars, which department owns the bus 145 vehicles, and showed an increasing trend. Financial expenses cost per bus per year to 35,000 yuan, and in fact every cost up to 50,000 yuan. Some units also hiring temporary drivers and expenditure on wages and subsidies. Necessary to keep a car, but also dependants, leading to larger expenses. Second, gongchesiyong breed unhealthy tendencies. Some people believe that now some bus drivers use one-third, one-third leading private one-third used for official purposes. Some public servants, especially leading officials motoring, cars for private purposes, violating the self-discipline regulations, and even lead to traffic accidents. According to statistics from related departments, since 2004, the correct investigation in our County serves nearly 30 cars for private purposes, only the first half of this year, cars for private purposes or“高中生物颖韬工作室”整理编辑 http:/sw.fjjy.org学校：临清二中 学科：生物 编写人：张秀君 审稿人：赵宏伟第二章第2节 通过激素的调节一、教材分析通过激素的调节是人教版高中生物必修三稳态与环境第二章动物和人体生命活动的调节第2节课的教学内容，主要学习动物另外一种调节方式，激素调节。本节内容与第一节为并列的关系，是对第一章内容的加深与补充。又是第三节内容的基础二、教学目标1知识目标（1） 知道动物各激素的生理作用。（2） 描述动物和人体的激素调节。（3） 探讨动物激素在生产中的应用。2.能力目标：运用建构模型的方法，建立血糖调节模型。3情感、态度和价值观目标：通过讨论在促胰液素的发现过程中，体会科学家的科学研究态度和科学精神所起的重要作用。三、教学重点难点教学重点：1、 促胰液过程素的发现过程。2、 血糖平衡的调节。教学难点：激素调节的实例分析。四、学情分析我们的学生属于平行分班，学生已有的知识和实验水平有差距。且本节内容比较抽象，对于学生来说较难理解。对于各激素的作用，及激素调节的特点可以通过学生预习，记忆即可；对于激素调节的实例则需要学生通过具体例子，分析调节过程来理解。五、教学方法1分组演示：建立血糖调节的模型。2学案导学：见后面的学案。3新授课教学基本环节：预习检查、总结疑惑情境导入、展示目标合作探究、精讲点拨反思总结、当堂检测发导学案、布置预习六、课前准备1学生的学习准备：预习学案内容，记忆各激素的作用及激素调节的特点，并对激素调节的发现、及激素调节的实例的原理进行初步理解。2教师的教学准备：三种不同颜色的纸，制成卡片，即血糖调节模拟卡，课前预习学案，课内探究学案，课后延伸拓展学案。3教学环境的设计和布置：三人一组，教室内教学。4课前抽阅部分学生的导学案，搜集学生预习过程中存在的问题，准备精讲内容、及补救练习。七、课时安排：1课时八、教学过程(一)预习检查、总结疑惑检查落实了学生的预习情况并了解了学生的疑惑，使教学具有了针对性。（二）情景导入、展示目标。引入以“问题探讨”引入，生思考回答师提示。提示计算：如果仅靠血液中的葡萄糖，马拉松运动员只能跑1 min左右（0.81.2 min）。讨论：可能会导致血糖含量短暂的轻度下降，但仍能基本保持稳定，不会影响运动。因为在运动过程中，血糖会因补充肌肉消耗的糖类物质而含量下降，同时，血糖会随时从储能物质的分解、转化等得到补充。（三）合作探究、精讲点拨。知识点观察与思考归纳与讨论激素调节的发现促胰液素的发现仔细阅读课本P23-P24中的资料分析思考（1）根据沃泰默的实验你能得出什么结论？他是怎样解释的？你同意他的观点吗？（2）斯他林和贝利斯通过实验得出了什么结论？你同意他们的观点吗？通过斯他林和贝利斯的实验的科学发现主要包括两个方面其一是 其二是 。激素调节是指 。思考：斯他林和贝利斯的实验能否排除盐酸能够促进胰腺分泌胰液的可能性？如果不能，那应该设计怎样的实验来排除？分析、与体会1.提示：不迷信权威、创造性思维、严谨的实验设计等。2.提示：他们的科学发现主要包括两个方面的内容：其一是发现促胰液素；其二是发现了不同于神经调节的另一种调节方式激素调节。主要内分泌腺及其分泌激素和功能观察课本图2-8人体主要内分泌腺及其分泌的激素思考：结合初中所学过的知识想一想我们在初中学过几种激素？这些激素分别是由什么器官分泌的？有什么功能？归纳介绍人体主要的内分泌腺及其分泌的激素种类和功能（1）连线：将各种腺体及其分泌的激素连起来下丘脑 甲状腺激素垂体 胸腺激素肾上腺 分泌胰岛素卵巢 促甲状腺激素释放激素睾丸 生长激素、促甲状腺激素甲状腺 肾上腺素胸腺 雌性激素胰腺 雄性激素通过资料查阅各种激素的功能：激素调节的实例血糖平衡的调节观察图2-9思考：1.请画出血糖的来源与去向图解。2.你认为血糖最重要的来源是什么？你能说出其主次顺序吗？最主要的去向是什么？你能说出其主次顺序吗？3.以课本图2-9为例，说明胰岛素促进的过程有哪些？抑制的过程有哪些？因此胰岛素在调节血糖浓度方面的作用是什么？4.以课本图2-9为例，说明胰高血糖素促进的过程有哪些？抑制的过程有哪些？因此胰高血糖素在调节血糖浓度方面的作用是什么？5总结在血糖调节中胰岛素与胰高血糖素的相互关系。6.肾上腺素与胰高血糖素是协同作用，你还能举出其他协同作用的例子吗？7.请描述饭后血糖的调节过程，再描述饥饿时血糖调节的过程。8.机体是通过什么方式维持血糖平衡？4氧化分解，供能1食物中的糖类2肝糖原5合成肝糖原、肌糖原3脂肪等非糖物质6转变成非糖物质2.血糖最主要的来源是1，其次是2，再次是3；血糖最主要的去向是4，其次是5，再次是6（这就是人活着就要活动，活着就要吃饭的原因。）3.胰岛素促进的过程有4、5、6；抑制的过程有2、3，因此胰岛素的作用是降低血糖浓度。4.胰高血糖素能促进的过程有：2、3；抑制的过程有5、6因此胰高血糖素的作用是升高血糖浓度。5.二者关系为拮抗关系，共同调节血糖浓度。胰岛素的分泌抑制胰高血糖素的分泌；而胰高血糖素的分泌促进胰岛素的分泌。6.在升高血糖方面：胰高血糖素与肾上腺素在生长发育方面：甲状腺素与生长激素在御寒方面：甲状腺激素与肾上腺素在保水方面：抗利尿激素与醛固酮。7.饭后由于消化系统的消化吸收，血糖浓度升高，这时胰岛素分泌增加，通过主要促进血糖进入细胞功能，多余的血糖转变成肝糖原及肌糖原，再多余的转变成脂肪与非必需氨基酸等非糖物质。饥饿时胰高血糖素、肾上腺素分泌增加 ，促进肝糖原转变成血糖；也促进脂肪等非糖物质转变成血糖，使血糖浓度升高。8.机体是通过一些特定的激素来调节血糖平衡，其中主要的是 分泌的 和 。反馈调节： 。（3）阅读课本26-27页模型构建思考相关激素间的作用。协同作用： 对同一生理效应都发挥作用，从而达到 效应的结果例如：生长激素和 对生长发育的作用拮抗作 对同一生理效应都发挥作用，从而达到 效应的结果。例如：_和_对血糖含量的调节甲状腺激素分泌的分级调节1观察图2-11甲状腺激素分泌的分级调节示意图并对图进行描述。2.请说出寒冷刺激引起细胞代谢加快的（与甲状腺激素有关的）整个过程。3补充分级调节的其它实例。（性激素分泌的调节）描述整个调节过程：TRHTSH（ ）下丘脑 垂体 性腺激素调节的特点阅读课本28-29页，总结激素调节的特点激素调节的特点：（1） 。（2） 。（3） 。（四）反思总结，当堂检测。教师组织学生反思总结本节课的主要内容，并进行当堂检测。引导学生构建知识网络并对所学内容进行简单的反馈纠正。（课堂实录）（五）发导学案、布置预习。前面我们已经学习了通过神经的调节和通过激素的调节，那么这两种调节方式的相互关系是怎样的呢？在具体的某一生命活动中它们又是怎样其作用的呢？下一节将要解决这个问题。这节课后大家可以先预习这一部分，着重分析这两种调节方式是如何起作用的。并完成本节的课后练习及课后延伸拓展作业。九、板书设计一激素调节的发现二激素调节的实例：1血糖的调节：血糖的来源血糖的去向（3）血糖调节涉及的激素种类及调节机制 2甲状腺激素的分级调节三激素调节的特点十、教学反思本课的设计采用了课前下发预习学案，学生预习本节内容，找出自己迷惑的地方。课堂上师生主要解决重点、难点、疑点、考点、探究点以及学生学习过程中易忘、易混点等，最后进行当堂检测，课后进行延伸拓展，以达到提高课堂效率的目的。 本节课的教学充分体现了理论联系实际，学以致用的观点。如让学生解释饭后、饥饿状态下的调节过程，寒冷下的调节过程，解释一些生活现象，既提高了兴趣，又领会了知识。教学效果应该不错。 本节课时间45分钟，其中情景导入、展示目标、检查预习5分钟，讲解内容17分钟左右，反思总结当堂检测5分钟左右，其余环节18分钟，能够完成教学内容。宜都市认真贯彻省、宜昌市安全生产教育培训工作有关精神，按照继续深入开展“安全生产年”活动要求，扎实推进安全生产宣传教育行动，以全市经济发展为首要，努力拓展培训空间leaders driving a vehicle accident caused by road accidents, 1, 1 people killed and direct economic losses amounting to more than 100,000 yuan. Third, high efficiency and low cost of the bus. Surveys show that, the operating costs of taxis for the 8200/. Is a fundamental priority of the reform, it is a difficult problem that must be solved in the reform process. Clearly, the post consumption averages three years before as a base and fine-tuned on the basis of this single practices must be improved. Improvements to adhere to three principles: first, under the existing policy provisions approved for public servants duty consumption standards, calibration, is not contrary to policy. Second, according to the local financial situation and peoples sustainability, public servants duty consumption standards approved, both financial reach, and people passing through. Third, according to the operational needs of civil servants responsible for authorized public servants duty consumption standards, both high and low positions, but also the nature of the work and the workload. In reform of method Shang, approved civil servants positions consumption standard to big unified, and small dispersed suitable, that most positions consumption project should according to policy provides proposed unified standard, consider to ranks, and units and the work task of differences sex, unified of standard should has elastic of and dynamic of, makes regions, and units in implementation unified standard Shi has must of flexible disposal right; but since set of standard must after financial, and audit, sector audit approved Hou to implementation. (C) reform package. Public servants duty consumption elasticity of consumption to limit consumption, turning mess into kitchen after dinner, follow the civil servant with a how to use personal title subsidies, or how to manage a personal duty consumption use of subsidies. Therefore, we must establish and perfect with public servants duty consumption monetization reform support of the series of governance systems such as the civil service examination of responsibility, system, low fault investigation system, the report said. While other measures to keep up. Discipline inspection and supervision organs, financial, auditing departments should strengthen supervision and inspection of public servants duty consumption monetization reform progress, to strengthen the reform of public servants duty consumption monetization system, measures to develop and monitor the implementation of inspection, not consumption as required, even shifting consumer behavior to stop, serious cases to deal with. Three ideas, public servants duty consumption monetization reform of politics, the economy and the deepening of the reform, public servants duty consumption as somewhere between a reform also demonstrated its importance and urgency. First of all, civil servants especially party and Government leaders and public servants duty consumption there are big drawbacks. NPC deputies and CPPCC members and the broad masses are concerned about. Secondly, the7