英语不可数名词归纳.doc

不可数名词归纳 四川省武胜县乐善中学 符小林A. Abstract 抽象名词advice 建议 age 年老 beauty 美丽 capitalism 资本主义 communism 共产主义 democracy 民主 energy 能源 fun 乐趣 happiness 幸福 help 帮助 honesty 诚实 information 信息 justice 正义 kindness 善良 knowledge 知识 laughter 笑声 liberty 自由 life 生命、生物、活力 play 玩 recreation 娱乐 strength 实力 trouble 麻烦 truth 真理 virtue 美德 wisdom 智慧 work 工作 youth 青年 B. Matter, material 物质名词air 空气 beer 啤酒 blood 血液 bread 面包 butter 黄油 cake 蛋糕 chalk 粉笔 cheese 奶酪 coal 煤 coffee 咖啡 electricity 电力 fog 雾 fish 鱼 gold 黄金 grass 草 hair 头发 ice 冰 ink 油墨 iron 铁 juice 果汁 lumber 木材 meat 肉 milk 牛奶 oil 油 oxygen 氧气 paper 纸 rain 雨 rice 水稻 smoke 烟雾 snow 雪 soap 肥皂 soup 汤 sugar 糖 tea 茶 water 水 wine 葡萄酒 wood 木 C. Generic terms 属类business 商业 change 零钱 equipment 设备 fruit 水果 furniture 家具 jewelry 珠宝 luggage 行李 machinery 机械 mail 邮件 money 金钱 news 新闻 propaganda 宣传 scenery 风景 slang 俚语 stationery 文具 traffic 交通 vegetation 植被 weather 天气 D. Subject 学科biology 生物architecture 建筑 art 艺术 chemistry 化学 economics 经济学 engineering 工程 English 英语 geology 地质学 grammar 语法 history 历史 literature 文学 mathematics 数学 music 音乐 philosophy 哲学 physics 物理学 science 科学 technology 技术 vocabulary 词汇 poetry 诗歌最常见的不可数名词有：(请把意思写出来)advice, baggage, change, furniture, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage, money, news, progress, traffic absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, poetry， power， pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, work(二)不可数名词的转化 有些名词的可数与不可数可以相互转化，但词义也同时发生变化，如： 1.表示不同的种类，如food, wine, metal, wheat, rice等。或者表示量很大，远远超过该词原来表示的程度或次数。这一类词常见的有：sands(沙滩，沙漠)；waters(水域)；rains(大阵雨、雨季)；winds(大风)；times(时代)；woods(森林)；ruins(废墟)；rags(碎片、破衣服)；ashes (灰烬、骨灰)。(1). The children are playing on the sands. 孩子们在沙滩上玩。(2). Song writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA. (各种价值观)(3). New businesses will be started in the city. ( businesses:各种商业。）(4). History is full of other examples of successful people with disabilities. (各种不同的残疾）(5). Many students want to know about the differences between American English and British English. (各种不同之处)(6). Take turns to offer each other the foods in part 2. (各种不同的食物。)(7). Thoughts rushed through his head . (各种想法)(8). He began the research and studies which led to his new discoveries in physics . (各种各样的学习和发现)(8). China Daily has plenty of advertisements, which help to cut the costs of making the newspaper. (各种成本)2.抽象的不可数名词具体化，含义发生了变化，表示一个或多个“的人或事物”，这种表达法使语言显得更加简洁生动。例如：(1),、There would have been many more deaths. ( 死亡的人）(2)、 Here are some advice for dealing with common injuries . (受伤的地方、伤口）(3)、The concert that John Denver organized was a great success.（成功的事）difficulty（困难）difficulties（难题、难事）；worry （烦恼）worries（令人烦恼的事）；pity(同情，可惜)-a pity(可惜的事)；failure（失败）failures（失败的事，失败的人）等等。Surprise(惊异、惊讶)a surprise（一件令人惊讶的事，惊喜之事）knowledge（知识）a knowledge（一门-知识）3.在词组或短语当中，一个抽象的不可数名词往往会变为一个可数名词。(1)、First I heard a noise. (一阵噪音。)(2)、 It also keeps a record of the date on which they will travel. （一个记录）(3),、We will meet tomorrow and make a decision then. (一个决定)(4)、 What a delicious supper! (一顿丰盛的晚餐)(5),、The hurricane last night had been a great surprise. (一件让人大为惊讶的事情)(6)、 They telephone the people and fix a time for a face-to-face interview . (一个时间)(7)、There is a talk on cancer that might be quite interesting. ( 一二、可数名词转化为不可数名词的情况 1、 A word，words (单词)Word came that he died of cancer.(消息、信息)2、a school 一所学样 go to school 上学3、a church 一座教堂 be at (或in) church 在做礼拜4、a prison 一所监狱 be in prison 服刑，坐牢5、a basketball 一个篮球 play basketball 打篮球6、a hospital 一家医院 be in hospital 生病住院7、a room 一间房间 much room 许多空间其它情况：water（水） _waters（海/湖水）cloth（布）_ clothes（衣服） paper（纸）papers（报纸/文件/试卷/论文） time（时间）_times（时代/次数/倍）custom（习惯）_- customs（海关）。Experience(经验)_ an experience(经历)Mr. Smith _ a Mr. SmithWork（工作、作业）_works(作品、著作、工程、工厂)good_（好处、益处）_goods（货物）manner（方式、方法、态度）_manners（礼貌）regard（认为、注视）_regards（问候）2