小学英语就划线部分提问的要点归纳及练习-(2).doc

小学英语就划线部分提问
“就划线部分提问”是小学阶段英语学习的难点，但是一旦掌握了规律，就变得容易多了。
小学英语对划线部分提问之答题口诀 ：
一代（用正确的疑问词代替划线部分），
二移（把疑问词移至句首）
三倒（颠倒主谓语，但对主语或其定语提问时除外）
四抄（照抄句子剩余部分）
☆总结关键就是：“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”(即： 先根据划线部分找到特殊疑问词； 再把没划线的部分变成一般疑问句的语序。)
★特殊疑问词的确定要根据划线内容而定,在小学阶段常出现的有以下几种：
１、 划线部分是“事或物”，特殊疑问词用what　　
如: This is a book.
---What is this?　
　I often play football on Saturdays .
---What do you often do on Saturdays ?　　
２、 划线部分是“人”，特殊疑问词用who　　
如:He is my brother. ---Who is he ?　
３、划线部分是“地点”，特殊疑问词用where　如:The box is on the desk.---Where is the box ?　
４、划线部分是“时间”，特殊疑问词用what time或when　　
如:It's seven twenty . ---What time is it ?　
I usually get up at six . --- When do you usually get up?　
５、划线部分是“年龄”，特殊疑问词用how old　
如:I am twelve . ---How old are you?　　
My father is thirty-three . ---How old is your father ?　　
６、划线部分是“职业”，特殊疑问词用what　　
如:Mike is a worker. ---What is Mike ?　
７、划线部分是“颜色”，特殊疑问词用what colour　　
如: My hat is blue . ---What colour is your hat？　　
８、划线部分是“数量”，特殊疑问词用how many或how much　　如:I can see five kites .---How many kites can you see ?　　　There is some milk in the glass. ---How much milk is there in the glass ?　　
９、划线部分是“多少钱”，特殊疑问词用how much　　
如:This pen is nine yuan . ---How much is this pen ?　　
１０、划线部分是“形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词”，特殊疑问词用whose　　如:That is my book . ---Whose book is that ?　　　
The bag is yours. ---Whose is the bag ?
以下口诀要牢记：
1．问“谁”用who；
2．问“谁的”，用whose；
3．问“地点哪里”，用where；
4．问“原因”，用why；
5．问“身体状况”，用how；
6．问“方式”，用how；
7．问“年龄”，用how old；
8．问“多少”，用how many；
9．问"价钱”用how much；
10．问“哪一个”，用which ；
11．问“什么”，用what；
12．问“职业”，用what；
13．问“颜色”，用what colour；
14．问“星期”，用what day；
15．问什么学科，用what subject；
16．问“什么时候”，用when;
17.问几点用What’s the time?或 What time is it?
训练题
1. That car is yellow. (提示:问颜色)
_____ _____ is that car?
2. My sister is 15 years old. (提示:问年龄)
______ _____ is your sister?
3. The glasses are Jim’s. (提示:问归属)
______ glasses are these?
4. Ann collected shells last Sunday.(提示:问”谁”)
______ collected shells last Sunday?
5. There were eleven books in my bag.(提示: 问数量)
______ ______ books are there in your bag?
6. I visited my teachers on Teacher’s Day.(提示:问时间)
_______ did you visit your teachers?
7. It means “Do not touch”.(提示:问”什么”)
_______ does it mean?
8. I’m fine, thank you.(提示: 问怎么样)
______ are you?
9. I go to school by bus.(提示:问方式)
______ do you go to school?
10，We go to school five times a week.(提示:问频率)
_______ ______ do you go to school?
11. I’m in Class 3.
______ _______ are you in?
12. The panda is black and white.
_____ ______ is the panda?
13. Her kite is under the bed.
_____ ______ her kite?
14. I come to school by bike.
_____ _____ you come to school?
15. Ben has a birthday present.
_____ does Ben have?
16. Mother bought a gift for me.
_____ did mother buy a gift for?
17. I can hear a bus.
_____ can you hear?
18. Tony lives at 26 Lunwan Street.
_____ does Tony live?
19. Bob is wearing a blue hat.
_____ is wearing a blue hat?
20. This is Ben’s English book.
_____ English book is this?
对划线部分提问练习
1. His father is an engineer.（对划线部分提问）
______ his father’s __ _?
2. Mr King is from America.（对划线部分提问）
______ is Mr King ___ __?
3. I like fishing. I like painting.（合并成一个句子）
_____________________________.
4. Amy’s mother likes romantic movies.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
5. His favorite football player is Beckham.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
6. The walkman is Dave’s.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
7. I have three cousins. （对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
8. Her backpack is on the sofa.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
9. The shoe store is on Adams Street, across from the museum.（划线提问）
_____________________________.
10. The library is on Mill Street, next to the hospital.（划线提问）
_____________________________.
11. The park is on Main Street.（划线提问）
_____________________________.
12. I have a son and a daughter.（划线提问）
____ children ___ _ you _____?
13. She doesn’t like swimming. She doesn’t like fishing.（合并成一个句子）She _____ _____ swimming ______ fishing.
14. Liz is a teacher.（划线提问）
________ is a teacher?
15. My school is between a park and a bank.（划线提问）
_____________________________.
16. They’d like some juice and hamburgers.（划线提问）
_____________________________.
17. The potatoes are one dollar a kilo.（划线提问）
_____________________________.
18. The bread is three dollars and fifty cents a loaf.（划线提问）
_____________________________.
19. We’d like two cups of tea.（划线提问）
_____________________________.
20. I can play football on the football field.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
21. Jenny’s favorite sport is playing volleyball.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
22. He can run the 100-meter race.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
23. It’s fine.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
24. Liu Xiang is my favorite sports star.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
25. He’s learning diving now.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
26. The refrigerator is in the kitchen.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
27. Her mother is a policewoman.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
28. There are six people in my family.（对划线部分提问）
_____________________________.
名词变复数
名词变复数规则变化及发音：
1、绝大多数的可数名词在词尾加上s ； eg：book→books；desk→desks；pen→pens；car→cars s遇t读浊辅音[ts]，遇d读清辅音[dz]   eg：friend→friends; cat→cats;
2.、以s、x、ch、sh结尾的单词，在该词末尾加上-es；读音规则：读[iz]；
eg：bus→buses; box→boxes; watch→watchches; dish→dishes
3、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，要把y变为i，再加-es；读音规则：读[z]。
eg：fly→flies; baby→babies; 元音字母加y结尾的单词直接加s；eg：toy→toys；boy→boys；
4、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，要将-f或-fe变为-v，再加es；读音规则：读[vz]；
eg：knife→knives；leaf→leaves；
5、以-o结尾的名词，初级阶段只有三个单词要加-es，其余都加-s；读音规则读[z]。
eg：tomato→tomatoes西红柿; potato→potatoes土豆; hero→heroes英雄; Negro—Negroes 口诀：“黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿” 其余eg：zoo→zoos; hippo→hippos；
名词变复数不规则变化：
1.单词内部发生变化：口诀“oo常常变ee，男人女人a变e”
eg：foot→feet脚；tooth→teeth牙齿；man→men男人；woman→women女人；
2.单复数相同：“羊鱼小鹿无变化，单数复数是一家”
eg：sheep→sheep绵羊；fish→fish鱼；deer→deer鹿；
3.不规则变化：child→children孩子mouse→mice老鼠；German→Germans德国人；
4“某国人”的复数有三种类型： 口诀“中日不变，英法变，其它S加后边”
（1）Chinese, Japanese单数复数同形，不需加s；
（2）Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把 man 变为men；
（3）其他各国人以–an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如：Americans, Australians,
二.不可数名词：
⒈不可数名词概念：不可以数的名词叫做不可数名词。包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的物质）和抽象名词（表示抽象概念的词）。
⒉不可数名词特点：
⑴不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能与a, an及数词连用，常作单数看待。
例： water There’s some water in the bottle.
food My favourite food is noodles.
⑵不可数名词如表数量，常和a bottle of, a glass of等名词词组连用。如表示复数，只把量词改为复数。
例：a bottle of pop一瓶汽水 , two glasses of orange juice 两杯桔子汁，
three cups of tea 三杯茶 ，a piece of paper一张纸
⑶有些物质名词有时可数，有时不可数，要根据上下文决定，其意义也有所不同。
A glass is made of glass.玻璃杯是玻璃制成的。（玻璃杯可数，玻璃不可数。）
I bought a melon yesterday. I want to eat some melon.
特殊名词的讲解：
⑴people 作“人们，人民”解时，只有复数形式，谓语动词作复数。
作“民族”解时，单复数不同，复数要在词尾加s。
There are five people in my family. 我家有五口人。
There are fifty-six peoples in our country.我们国家有56个民族。
⑵clothes，pyjamas等属于无单数形式的复数名词，谓语作复数。
例：My favourite clothes are pants. These pyjamas are too small.
⑶ pants , shoes , glasses ,shorts，scissors等名词，由两部分构成，常以复数形式出现，谓语动词要用复数。要表示单数常用a pair of表示，此时如作主语，谓语要作单数看待。
例：Your pants are blue. This pair of pants is mine.
⑷集体名词看作整体时，谓语用单数; 指成员时，谓语用复数。
His family is a large family. His family like animals.
指整体 指成员
⑸有的名词单复数意思不同：
例：hair 和fruit 通常作单数，表示总体。
My hair is black. 我的头发是黑色的。
I like fruit .It’s good for you.我喜欢水果,水果对你的身体有好处。
但如果表示若干根头发或各种水果，则需用复数形式.
Danny has three hairs.丹尼有三根头发。
She likes pears, peaches and other fruits. 他喜欢梨，桃和其它水果。
Ⅰ. 写出下列单词的复数形式：
fish- boy- watch- knife- leaf- wife-
baby- family- man- woman- child- tooth-
goose- mouse- sheep- peach- picture- Chinese-
he- his- I- this- is- it- that-
Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为复数句子:
1. He is looking after the baby.____________________________
2. It’s a big heavy box. __________________________________
3. This picture is nice.____________________________________
4. She is a beautiful woman._______________________________
5. I’m a good child. ___________________________________
6. That’s a delicious peach._________________________________
Ⅲ. 将下列句子改为单数句子：
1. These are red coats. ________________________________________
2. Who’re the boys? They’re my students.____________________________
3. They’re women workers here. _____________________________________
4. Are they playing basketball now? Yes, they are____________________
5. What are they? They are buses. ________________________________
6. Those are beautiful flowers._____________________________________
7. We have many old pictures.____________________________________
Ⅳ. 划出下列单词中的不可数名词:
meat pop shirt food knife snow water ice tea orange truck car jam ear bread milk noodles eraser clothes
Ⅵ. 翻译下列词组：
一瓶汽水 一杯茶 一副眼镜 两杯桔子汁 六瓶水
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