Linux常用命令测试一.docx

Linux常用命令测试（一）
文件操作命令
1. 查看当前目录下的包含隐藏文件在内的所有文件。
| root@leilapc ~] # Is - a
..bashjlogout
...bash_profile
anaconda- ks. cfg. bashrc
.bash_history.cache
.config
.c sh rc
.dbus install.log
install.log.syslog
.pulse
.pulse- cookie
.tcshrc
.xauthcDJnhe .xauthNoKnxS .xauthNSNYzy .xauthzamPld
2.查看当前目录下的文件,
采用列表格式显示。
[root@leilapc
息用量80[
-rw-. 1
-rw~ r~ - r_ -, 1
-rw- r- - r- -. 1 |root@leilapc
root root root root
root root
1228 9月
60633 9月
10161 9月
14 16：06 anaconda- ks. cfg
14 16:06 install.log
14 16：03 install.log.syslog

二、查看磁盘
1. 插上U盘，用命令查看系统是否识别出U盘。
三、
文件系统挂载
1.
将u盘挂载到系统中:

若自动挂载此处不必抓图，仅写出若未自动挂载时，应该使用的完整命
若未自动挂载，则用命令挂载后，抓图四、
四、

四、
文件拷贝命令

1. 将/usr/games目录下的所有内容拷贝到/vivi/bbb目录下[root@leilapc # cp - r /usr/games /vivi/bbb| root@leilapc ~| # Is /vivi/bbbgames
[root@leilapc #
2. 将/home/leila目录下的文件“a.c”拷贝到该目录的子目录“program”下。
| root@leilapc ~| # cp /home/leila/a. c /program cp：略过目录'/home/leila/a. c"
| root@leilapc ~| # Is /programa. cl五、文件移动命令
1. 将/home/leila目录下的文件“l.c"移动到该目录的子目录“aaa”下
| root@leilapc # mv /home/leila/1. c /aaa| root@leilapc # Is /home/leila/aaal.c| root@leilapc ~) # |
2.将/home/Ieila目录下的文件“2.c”更名为“3.c”
[root@leilapc ~] # touch /home/leila/2. c
[[e-mail] ~] # mv /home/leila/2. c 3. c
| root@lQilapc # Is /home/leila
3.c aaa a.c b.c公共 模极 视频 图片 文档 下载 音乐 桌面 [root@leilapc ~] # ■六、文件链接命令
1.在当前目录下建立“a.c”的符号链接文件“b.c”| root@leilapc # Is .
3.c anaconda- ks.cfg install.log install.log.syslog| root@leilapc # In - s a. c . /b. c| root@leilapc ~j # Is .
3. c anaconda- ks. cfg install.log install.log. syslog| root@leilapc # |七、文件删除命令1.强制删除目录“ /root/program ”
[root 回local host opt] # Is /rootabl.c ab3.cdddinstall.log.syslogab2.c anaconda- ks.cfg install.log program
root回 localhost opt
root回 localhost optabl.c ab2.c ab3.crm - rf /root/programIs /root
anaconda- ks.cfg ddd install.log install.log.syslog八、修改文件属性1.修改文件"/usr/program/a.sh"权限为文件所有者可读、可写、可执行,所有组及其他人可读、可执行，但不可写
|root@leilapc 息用量4drv/xr- xr- x. 2 |root回 Ieilape |root@leilapc 总用量4drwxr- xr- x. 2 | root回Ieilape~] # Is -1 /usr/program
root root 4096 11月 10 09:31 a.sh~] # chmod 755 /usr/program/a. sh
# Is -1 /usr/programroot root 4096 11月 10 09:31 a.sh九、查找文件1.查找/etc下名中含有“network”的文件

[root@leilapc ~] # find /etc - name "*network*' /etc/setuptool.d/99system- config- network- tui /etc/security/console. apps/system- config- network- cmd /etc/security/console.apps/system- config- network /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/networkmanager. pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/sysnetwork.pp /etc/ re. d/ rcl. d/K90network /etc/rc. dy rc3. d/K90network /etc/ rc. d/ rc4. d/K90network /etc/rc. d/ rcO. d/K90 net work /etc/rc. d/rc6. d/K90network /etc/rc. d/rc5. d/K90network /etc/rc. d/init.d/network /etc/rc. d/ rc2. d/K90 net work
/etc/pam.d/system- config- network- cmd /etc/pam.d/system- config- network /etc/sysconfig/networking /etc/sysconfig/network /etc/sysconfig/network- sc ripts /etc/sysconfig/network- sc ripts/network- functions- ipv6 /etc/sysconfig/network- scripts/network- functions /etc/networks
| root@leilapc |
2. 查找/usr下名为“2.c”的文件并删除它[root@leilapc ~j # touch /usr/2. c[root@leilapc ~| # Is /usr2.cetcincludelibexecprogramsharetmp
bingamesliblocalsbinsre[root@leilapc # find /usr - name 2. c - exec rm {} \；| root@leilapc ~] # Is /usr
bin etc games include lib libexec local program sbin share sre tmp | root@leilapc ■0
3. 查找/etc下大小在10k——20k之间的文件
| root@leilapc # find /etc - size -HOk - a - size - 20k /etc/etc/pki/tls/f /Gtc/pki/nssdb/key4. db /etc/pki/nssdb/secmod. db /etc/pki/nssdb/key3. db /etc/PackageKit/PackageKit. conf /etc/usb_modeswitch. d/etc/aliases.db/etc/mail/access, db /etc/mail/virtusertable. db y /etc/mail/domaintable, db /etc/mail/mailertable. db /etc/xdg/autostart/user- dirs- update- gtk. desktop /etc/seiinux/targeted/modules/active/modules /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/lpd.pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/samba.pp /etc/sGlinux/targeted/modules/active/modulGs/munin. pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/fstools, pp /etc/seiinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/lvm.pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/dirsrv. pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/cobbler.pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/pulseaudio.pp /etc/seiinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/rlogin.pp /etc/seiinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/udev.pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modulGs/consolekit.pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/mozilla. pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/systemd.pp /etc/seiinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/authlogin.pp /etc/setinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/mplayer.pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/libraries.pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/c ron.pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/mailman. pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/mta.pp /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/nis. pp
十、文件搜索名
1. 显示当前目录下“pl.c”文件中包含"linux”的行
2. 在当前目录下新建三个文件，分别为abl.c、ab2.c、ab3.c
[root 回local host ~] # Is .
anaconda- ks.cfg install.log install.log.syslog
[root回localhost ~ # touch abl.c ab2.c ab3.c
root回localhost ~ # Is
abl.c ab2.c ab3.c anaconda- ks.cfg install.log install.log.syslog十一、创建目录
1. 在当前目录创建一个权限为所有者有读、写、执行权限，所有组及其他 人均为可读权限的目录，名为ddd.
root回localhost# mkdir
roo 诡local host ~] # Is -1 总用量88
-rw-r--r--
-rw- r-- r--
- rw- r-- r--
-rw-
d rwx r- - r--
-rw- r- - r--
- rw- r- - r- -
-m 744 ddd
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
root root root root root root root
root root root root root root root
0
0
0
1285
4096 65131
9949
月月月月月月月
19:39 abl.c
19:39 ab2.c
19:39 ab3.c
16:01 anaconda- ks. cfg
19:44 ddd
16：01 install.log
15:47 install.log.syslog
十二、修改当前目录
1. 返回当前目录的父级目录
[root@localhost # pwd
/ root
root回localhost ~] # cd ..
root 回local host /] # pwd
/ -
2. 切换目录到/usr/tmp
[root@localhost /] # pwd
/root 回local host /] # cd /usr/tmp root@localhost tmp] # pwd
/usr/tmp十三、查看当前目录
I. 查看当前所在目录
[root@localhost tmp] # pwd
/usr/tmp十四、用户切换命令
1. 将当前用户切换为超级用户
文件(F)编辑(E)查看(V)搜索(S)终端(T)帮助(H)
| leila@lGilapc ~] $ su - 密码：
| root@leilapc ~| # Is - a
2. 新建一用户名为linux,并修改用户密码十五、关闭系统
1. 重启系统
2. 立刻关闭系统十六、压缩文件
1. 压缩/opt/folderl下的名为“filel”的文件，要求压缩之后文件的后缀为.gz
[root@localhost opt] # Is /opt/folderl filel
root 回local host opt # gzip /opt/folderl / filel root@localhost opt # Is /opt/folderl
filel.gz
2. 当前位于/opt/folderl b",用zip压缩当前目录下所有文件，并生成名为
folder.zip的压缩目录
root 回local host opt] # cd /opt/folderlroot®localhost folded] # zip folder, zip 米 adding: filel. gz (deflated 19%)
[root 回local host folded] # Is
filel.gz folder.zip十七、打包文件
1.将当前目录下三个目录folder 1folder2> folder3及两个文件abl.c^
ab2.c打包归档，并同时进行压缩[root回localhost opt] # abl.c ab2.c folderl [root回localhost opt] # c
[root回local host opt] # abl.c ab2.c folderl
[root回localhost opt] # abl.c ab2.c folderl [root回localhost opt] # c
[root回local host opt] # abl.c ab2.c folderl

[root回localhost opt] # abl.c ab2.c folderl [root回localhost opt] # c
[root回local host opt] # abl.c ab2.c folderl
Is
folder2 folder3tar - cj f mytarl. tar. bz2 folded folder2 folder? abl. cIs
folder2 folder3 mytarl.tar.bz2
2. 解压当前目录下名为mytarl.tar.bz2的压缩tar包
[root 回local host opt] # Is
abl.c ab2.c folderl folder2 folder3 mytarl.tar.bz2 [root@localhost opt] # tar - xj vf mytarl. tar. bz2 folderl /
folderl / folder, zip
folderl / filel. gz
folder2 /
folder3 /
abl. c
ab2. c十八、软件包安装
1.使用rpm安装U盘中的telnet-server及xinetd软件包（包从哪来：可在
虚拟机中打开Firefox,输入网址，在查找框中输入上述两个软件包名
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