1、Copyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationTopology Repair:Importing GeometryImportgeometrydatavia:Files ImportGeometry drop-downmenuToolbarGeometryCommontypesofgeometryfilessupported:Unigraphics(NX2,NX3,NX4,NX5)UGPartBrowserImportof*.prtfiles
2、RequiresaninstallationofUnigraphicstobeavailableCATIA(V4&V5)importof*.modelfilesCATIAV5licenserequiredtoimportV5filesPro/ENGINEER(Wildfire 2.0&3.0)importof*.prtand*.asmfilesIGESImportof*.igs/*.igesfilesSTEPimportof*.stpfilesCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and
3、Confidential InformationTopology Repair:Surface DefinitionsFixedpoint(“Surfacevertex”)PointassociatedwithasurfaceCannotbemovedoffthesurfaceCanlieonasurfaceedgeorthe“interior”ofasurfaceSeparatessurfaceedgesfromeachotherForcesanodetobeplacedatthatlocationduringmeshingSurfaceedgeLineassociatedwithasurf
4、aceDefinesasurfacesboundaryCannotbemovedoffthesurfaceHasafixedpointonbothendsSurfaceCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationAutomeshing:What is“topology”?Topology”ishowsurfacesconnecttoadjacentsurfacesofapartSurfaceconnectivityiscontrolledb
5、ytheassociatedsurfaceedgesIfasurfaceedgeisassociatedwithmorethan1surface,thosesurfacesareconsideredtobeconnected(“equivalenced”)Surfaceedgesarecategorized,named,andcoloredaccordingtothenumberofassociatedsurfaces:Free edge(red)Associatedwithonly1surfaceSurfaceswithafreeedgebetweenthemareNOTequivalenc
6、edatthatedgeShared edge(green)Associatedwith2surfacesSurfacesareequivalencedSuppressed edge(blue)Surfacesaretreatedasthoughcombinedinto1surfaceT-junction edge(yellow)Associatedwith3ormoresurfacesExample:surfacesformingaT-connectionSurfacesareequivalencedCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsre
7、served.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationTopology Repair:Viewing TopologyTopologydisplaymodeisdefaultforsomepanels(w/AutoON)surface edit,quick edit,point edit,edge edit,autocleanup,andautomeshCanalsobeaccessedviageometry visualization typeAutoDefault(topologydisplayinonlydefaultpanelsme
8、ntionedabove)By CompAlwaysincomponentcolormodeBy TopoAlwaysintopologydisplaymodeBy 2D TopoDisplaysonly2DgeometryintopologydisplaymodeBy 3D TopoDisplaysonly3DgeometryintopologydisplaymodeMixedDisplays2Dand3DgeometryintopologydisplaymodeCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Propr
9、ietary and Confidential InformationTopology Repair:Viewing TopologyToolbarTopologytabcontrolsdisplayof:Visibilityoffree,shared,t-junctions,andsuppressededgesVisibilityoffixedpointsLevelofsurfacetransparencyCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential Infor
10、mationTopology Repair:What is it?HyperMeshwillattempttoproperlycleanupsurfacesduringimportSometypesofgeometryfileshavesurfaceconnectivityinformationwhichhelpsHyperMesh.TypicallynativegeometryfileslikeCatia,UG,ProE,etc.GeometryusuallyimportscleanlyTopologyRepairconsistsofcorrectingconnectivityerrorsb
11、etweenadjacentsurfacesPossibleerrorsinclude:UnconnectedadjacentsurfacesDuplicatesurfacesMissingsurfacesThe Goal of Topology Repair:RestorethesurfacedatatoaperfectlycleanrepresentationofthepartCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationTopology
12、 Repair:ProcessGeneralprocessisto:FigureoutwhattheidealsurfaceconnectivityofthepartshouldbeObservethecurrentdisplayoftopologycolors(free,shared,t-junction)FigureoutwhatiscausingthetopologytobedisplayedthiswayUsethetoolsinHyperMeshthatgettheconnectivityfromwhatitistowhatitshouldbeasquicklyandefficien
13、tlyaspossibleMissingsurfacecreatedExample:FreeedgepairequivalencedDuplicatesurfacedeletedCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationTopology Repair:ToolsEdge Edit PanelEquivalence(multipleedgesatatime)Searchsurfacesforpairsoffreeedgesandcombin
14、eintosharededgesToggle(1edge/edgepairatatime)Selectanedge;equivalenceswithotherfreeedgesfoundwithinauserspecifiedtoleranceReplace(1edgepairatatime)Select2edgestoequivalencetogetherControlwhichedgetoretainandwhichtomovePoint Edit PanelReplace(1edgeatatime)Release Combinepairsoffreeedgeswithgapsbetwee
15、nthemintoasharededgesDefeature PanelDuplicates IdentifyanddeleteduplicatesurfaceswithinauserspecifiedtoleranceSurfaces PanelSpline/filler Selectlines/surfaceedgestorecreateanymissingsurfacesCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationTopology R
16、epair:ToolsQuick Edit PanelHasanumberoftoolsfoundinotherpanelsFocusedontoolswithminimaluserinputforrapideditingUnsplit Removes/deletesanedgecreatedbysplittingasurfaceinHyperMeshToggle Sameasedgeeditpanel;changeedgetypewithintoleranceFiller surf Selectalineonafreesurfaceedgetorecreateanymissingsurfac
17、esDelete surf Sameasdeletepanel(surfacesonly)Replace point Sameaspointeditpanel;move/retainpointRelease point Sameaspointeditpanel;mustbeassociatedwithlineCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationTopology Repair:StrategyUnderstandmodelsize&s
18、caletodetermineanappropriateglobalelementsizeSetacleanuptolerancebasedonthedeterminedglobalelementsizeSetappropriatevalueinoptions,geom cleanup,and automesh:cleanupCleanuptolerancespecifiesthelargestgapsizetobeclosedbytopologyfunctionsTolerances15-20%ofglobalelementsizecancausemeshdistortionsCanchan
19、gevaluemultipletimesforworkonvariousareasofthemodelUsetopologydisplaytoolstodecidewhatneedstobecleanedUseequivalencetocombineasmanyfreeedgepairsaspossibleMakesuresurfacesarenotcollapsedinundesirablemannerUsetoggletocombineanyremainingfreeedgepairs,1by1usereplacefunctionifmorecontrolisneededUsefind d
20、uplicatestocheckforanyduplicatesurfacesanddeletethemUsefiller surfacetorecreateanymissingsurfacesCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationMidsurfacing:IntroductionFormanyFEanalyses,partsarerepresentedbyshellelementsThicknessisassignedmathema
21、tically,ratherthangeometricallyMeshisusuallyplacedonthemidplaneofthepartCADgeometryusuallycomesasasolidpart,oraseriesofsurfacesdefiningavolume.MidsurfacingcreatesalayerofsurfacesonthemidplanewhichcanbedirectlymeshedCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confident
22、ial InformationMidsurfacing:ToolsMidsurfacescanbecreatedusingmidsurface panel onthegeompageAuto MidsurfaceAutomaticallyextractsmidsurfacesfromsurfacesthatencloseavolumeorasolidgeometryCansometimesworkiftherearemissingsurfacesThegreaternumberofmissingsurfaces,thelessreliabletheresultSurface Paircreat
23、esamidsurfacebetween2selectedsurfacesCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationMidsurfacing:ToolsOnceamidsurfacehasbeencreated,itcanbemodifiedusingtoolsonthemidsurface panelQuick EditRepairamidsurfacebycorrectingwheretheverticiesofthesurfacew
24、ereplacedAssign TargetAnextensiontoquickedit,andfunctionsinasimilarfashionReplace EdgeFillingapsandsliversbycombiningonesurfaceedgewithanothersameasintheedge editpanelExtend SurfaceExtendstwosurfaces(e.g.,ribs)untiltheyintersectView ThicknessReviewofthethicknessofamidsurfaceusingwhitelines(probes)ex
25、tendingfromeachvertexofthesurfaceCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationMidsurfacing:Process&Strategy1.ObtainaclosedvolumeofsurfacesorsolidsMidsurface:auto midsurfacerequiresanenclosedvolumeUsetopologyrepairtechniquesifneeded2.Forcomplexpa
26、rts,trydefeaturingthesurfacedefiningthevolumeThissimplifiesthepartandmaygivebetterresultswithcreate:solid3.Generatethemidsurfaceusingmidsurface:auto midsurfaceUsesurface pairforareasthatneedmorecontrolUsemidsurface:editing toolsformidsurfacesthatneedfinetuning4.Viewthemidsurfaceandcorrecterrorsusing
27、themidsurfaceeditingfunctionalitiesCangenerallyusequick editCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationDefeaturing:What is it?Dependingontheanalysis,certaindetailsinthegeometrymaybeignored.Thismaydependon:Importanceofthepartintheoverallassembl
28、yLocationofthefeaturerelativetotheareaofinterestintheanalysisSizeofthefeaturevs.theaveragesizeofthemeshbeingusedDefeaturingistheremovalofdetailsinthegeometryinordertomaketheshapeofthepartsimplerSurfacefilletPinholesEdgefilletsCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary an
29、d Confidential InformationDefeaturing:ToolsDefeaturepanelonGeompagePinholes:Searchesforclosedloopsoffreeedges(holes)withinasurfaceFillsintheholesLeavesfixedpointatthecenterSurf Fillets:SearchesforsurfacesthatactasfilletbetweenothersurfacesTangentiallyextendsthemtoformasharpcornerEdge fillets:Searche
30、sforroundedcornersonasurfaceSquaresoffthecornerDuplicates:FindsanddeletesduplicatesurfacesSymmetry:FindssymmetricsurfaceswithinasinglecomponentDeletesororganizesthesurfacesintodifferentcomponentsCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationTopol
31、ogy Refinement:What is it?“Topologyrefinement”ismodifyingtopologyinordertoobtainaqualitymeshUnlikedefeaturing,thisgenerallydoesnotchangetheshapeofthepartCADgeometryhastopologydetailsthatinterferewithmeshqualityEdgesarecreatedwhereeverthereisachangeinsurfacecurvatureEvensmoothareascanbesplitintosever
32、alfacesTheautomesherwillbeforcedtoplacenodesalongtheedgesandfixedpointsThismaycausesmallelementlengths,angles,aspectratios,etc.dependingontheshapeofthemodelCADgeometrycanalsohavesurfaceswithacomplexoutlineHighlycomplexshapescanmakeithardtogetaqualitymeshAddinginedgessplitsthesurfacesintosmallerandsi
33、mplerregionswhichcanbemeshedeasierFixedpointscanbeaddedintoforceanodetobeplacedatthatlocation,givingmorecontrolCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationTopology Refinement:ExamplesSuppressingedgesAddingedgesRemovingfixedpointsAddingfixedpoin
34、tsReplacingfixedpointsAfterBeforeCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationTopology Refinement:ToolsEdge editToggle Selectasharededgetosuppressit(Un)Suppress SelectmultipleedgestosuppressallofthematoncePoint editAdd Addfixedpointstohelpcontro
35、lmeshpatternEspeciallyhelpfulalongedgestocontrolnodeseedingSuppress RemovesunwantedfixedpointsReplace Combines2fixedpointstogetheratasinglelocationProject ProjectsfixedpointsontoanearbyedgeUsefulforaligningmeshbetween2edgesSurface edit AllfunctionsaddedgesbycuttingsurfacesAddingedgescanbeusefulforco
36、ntrollingmeshpatternsinlargeareasTrim with nodes UsesnodelocationstocutsurfacesTrim with lines UseslinestocutsurfacesTrim with surfs/plane usesothersurfacesoradefinedplanetocutsurfacesCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationTopology Refinem
37、ent:ToolsQuick editHasanumberoftoolsfoundinotherpanelsFocusedontoolswithminimaluserinputforrapideditingSplit surf-node:Addsanedgetoordividesasurfacebycuttinginastraightlinebetween2selectednodesSplit surf-line:Addsanedgetoordividesasurfacebycuttingastraightlinebetweenanodeandperpendiculartotheselecte
38、dline.Washer split AddsacircularedgearoundaholeinasurfaceMostlyusedforcreatingallquadmesharoundaholeToggle SameasedgeeditpanelRemove Point DeletesaselectedfixedpointCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationTopology Refinement:ToolsQuick edit
39、,continuedReplace point SameaspointeditpanelAdd/remove point:point CreatesanewfixedpointattheselectedlocationsAdd point:line CreatesauserspecifiednumberoffixedpointsalongtheselectededgeProject point SameasedgeeditpanelCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confid
40、ential InformationTopology Refinement:TipsMeshthepartVisuallyscantheparttolookforpoormeshpatternsUseelementchecksinordertofindareasofpoorelementqualityCheckelemspanel,QIPanel,etc.Suppressedgeswithedge edit:(un)suppressUsevarioussettingsforbreakangletosuppressmanyedgesatonceSometimessuppressingalledg
41、esandthenunsuppressingdesirededgescanbeagoodmethod.SuppressallthefixedpointsbeforeaddmoreinGetsridofasmanyfixedpointsaspossible,leavingonesthatarerequiredExperiment!Thereisnosetprocess,soexperienceisakeyfactorinrefiningtopologyCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary a
42、nd Confidential InformationAsolidis:Ageometricentitythatdefinea3-dimensionalvolumeSameassolidsusedinmostCADprogramsUsedinfunctionswheredefiningavolumeisrequiredHexameshing(3D:solid map:volumesub-panel)Tetrameshing(3D:tetramesh:volume tetrasub-panel)Especiallyhelpfulwhendividingapartintomultiplevolum
43、esApartcanbedividedintomultiple,connectedsolidsTheconnectionbetweenadjacentsolids(topology)canmaintaintheconnectivityofmeshAidsvisualizationwhendividingapartintosimple,mappableregions(usedinhexameshing)Solid Geometry:What is it?Copyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary
44、and Confidential InformationSolid Geometry:3D TopologyFixed PointsSelectableaspointsLieattheendsofedgesExample:2connectedsolidsintopologydisplaySolid facesSelectableassurfacesBoundingFacesGreenBelongto1solidPartitionFacesYellowSharedbetweenconnectedsolidsEdgesSelectableaslinesSharedEdgesGreenBelongt
45、o2adjacentfacesof1solidNon-manifoldEdgesYellowBelongto:Apartitionface-OR-2solidfacesand1+surfacesCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationImportPull-downmenusFile Import GeometryToolbarGeometryHyperMeshwillimportsolidgeometryfromfiletypestha
46、tsupportsoliddataSolidspanelBounding SurfsSelectsurfacesthatencloseavolumeDrag“ExtrudeacrosssectionalongalinearpathSpin“Extrude”acrosssectionviaacircularpathPrimitivespanelCreatessolidgeometryofbasicshapes:Square/BlockCylinder/ConeSphereTorusSolid Geometry:Tools for Creating SolidsCopyright2008Altai
47、rEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationSurfacespanelCreatessurfacesusingvariousmethodsCanbeusedtosplitasolidEdgesofthesurfacemustbeequivalencedtoedgesonthesolidSolid EditpanelTrim withsplitsasolidinto2+solidsusing:NodesLinesPlanesSurfacesMergecombine2+adjac
48、entsolidsintoasinglesolidentityDetachdisconnectsconnectedsolidsBooleanadvancedtrim&mergeoperationsUnion(Solid A+Solid B)sameasmergeIntersection(Solid A x Solid B)keepsoverlappingportionsof2solidsRemoval(Solid A Solid B)deletesthevolumeofonesolidfromanotherCut(Cut Solid A with Solid B)trimsonesolidwi
49、thanothersolidkeepsbothsolids,buttheynolongeroverlapSolid Geometry:Tools for Editing SolidsCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential InformationOnthetoolbar:Solid Geometry:Tools for Viewing Solids Geometry Color colorgeometrybycomponentcolororbytopology
50、 Wireframe Geometrysetgeometrytowireframemode Shaded Geometry setgeometrytoshadedsurfacesmode Visualization Panel Controls:visibilityofedges&facesbasedontopologytransparencyofsurfaceshadingvisibilityoffixedpointsCopyright2008AltairEngineering,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Altair Proprietary and Confidential
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