从词汇能力的培养看新课标英语的教学理念.pptx

一、词汇能力的定义uu词汇是语言的基本构成误解词汇能力=词汇量语言学习=词汇记忆困惑学英语最头疼的是背单词!阅读时最怕遇到的是生词！写作时最大的障碍是找不到词!高考时最难解的题是完形填空!你认为，学生在写作文时最薄弱的是什么？你认为，学生在写作文时最薄弱的是什么？A=A=精确度精确度;G=;G=语法语法;S=;S=句法结构句法结构;V=;V=词汇词汇;CE=;CE=汉式英语汉式英语;C=;C=连贯连贯;T=;T=思想内容思想内容A AGGS SV VCECEC CT T频数频数频数频数6 61111141414144 49 91 1高考题型难易度调查高考题型难易度调查讨论词汇记忆词汇记忆uu该记忆哪些单词？该记忆哪些单词？uu该记忆这些单词的哪些内容？该记忆这些单词的哪些内容？uu该如何记忆这些单词？该如何记忆这些单词？A级词汇：正确拼写、理解词义并能够应用于语言理解和写作中；B级词汇：猜测词义，但不一定会正确拼写和应用；C级词汇：只能利用构词知识和上下文语境猜测它们的词义。形式结 构意义用法形似词派生词近义词下义词词语搭配tamelimetimeoustimelesstimelytimekeepertimetablemomentageperiodlifecententuryyearseasonmonthweekdaynighthourminutesecondTime elapses(goes by,pass,flies).tell(have,make,keep)timeahead of timein timeover timethought timegood(perfect,local)timeconsiderable(long,little,short,reasonable,precious,idle,free,leisure,spare)time How should one invest a sum of money in these days of inflation(通货膨胀)?Left in a bank it will hardly keep its value,however high the interest rate.Only a brave man,or a very rich one,dares to buy and sell on the Stock Market.Today it seems that one of the best ways to protect your savings and even increase your wealth is to buy beautiful objects from the past.Here I am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks,which I personally consider as one of the most interesting of antiques.讨论阅读理解阅读理解 How should one invest a sum of money in these days of inflation(通货膨胀)?Left in a bank it will hardly keep its value,however high the interest rate.Only a brave man,or a very rich one,dares to buy and sell on the Stock Market.Today it seems that one of the best ways to protect your savings and even increase your wealth is to buy beautiful objects from the past.Here I am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks,which I personally consider as one of the most interesting of antiques.句式结构对比图句式结构对比图句式结构对比图句式结构对比图简单句简单句简单句简单句1490 1490(0.28)(0.28)250(0.14)250(0.14)并列句并列句并列句并列句581 (0.11)581 (0.11)272(0.15)272(0.15)状语从句状语从句状语从句状语从句656 (0.12)656 (0.12)165(0.09)165(0.09)感叹句感叹句感叹句感叹句138(0.03)138(0.03)7 (0.004)7 (0.004)一般问句一般问句一般问句一般问句34 (0.006)34 (0.006)6 (0.003)6 (0.003)定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句21(0.004)21(0.004)139 139(0.075)(0.075)特殊问句特殊问句特殊问句特殊问句8(0.004)8(0.004)试题讨论英语写作英语写作句长分布比较图句长分布比较图句长分布比较图句长分布比较图试题词长分布比较图词长分布比较图词长分布比较图词长分布比较图试题词性分布比较图词性分布比较图词性分布比较图词性分布比较图读写任务读写任务基础写作基础写作代代 词词15.6715.678.868.86动动 词词13.5013.5012.2912.29冠冠 词词4.644.648.378.37形容词形容词6.936.939.329.32名名 词词9.099.0925.1225.12介介 词词9.449.4412.5012.50连连 词词5.175.175.785.78副副 词词3.603.601.301.30试题目标要求目标要求目标要求目标要求知识应用知识应用知识应用知识应用词词的的形形式式单词学习首先从词的形式开始，重点内容包括：单词学习首先从词的形式开始，重点内容包括：单词拼写：单词拼写：能够正确拼写所学过的单词，并掌握必要能够正确拼写所学过的单词，并掌握必要的读音规则的读音规则 近近 似似 词：词：能够辨析常见的形似词和同形异义词能够辨析常见的形似词和同形异义词 词的构成：词的构成：掌握常用掌握常用的构词法和词缀（前缀和后缀）的构词法和词缀（前缀和后缀）在语言理解中的应在语言理解中的应用用词义猜测：词义猜测：在语言在语言理解（听力理解（听力/阅读）中，阅读）中，遇到生词时，能够根遇到生词时，能够根据上下文猜测词义。据上下文猜测词义。意义重构：意义重构：能够借能够借助关键词语重构句子助关键词语重构句子或篇章的意义。或篇章的意义。篇章理解：篇章理解：能够应能够应用词汇同现知识理解用词汇同现知识理解篇章意义。篇章意义。在语言产出中的应在语言产出中的应用用词的用法：词的用法：在语言在语言产出中能够正确使用产出中能够正确使用词语，包括词汇同现词语，包括词汇同现和词语搭配等。和词语搭配等。词词的的意意义义单词学习的重点是词的意义，重点内容包括：单词学习的重点是词的意义，重点内容包括：基本意义：基本意义：掌握所学单词的基本意义掌握所学单词的基本意义 多义性：多义性：掌握常用词的多种意义掌握常用词的多种意义 词义关系：词义关系：掌握常用词的同义词、反义词以及上下义掌握常用词的同义词、反义词以及上下义词词词词的的用用法法词的用法是指词在上下文中的正确使用，重点内容包括：词的用法是指词在上下文中的正确使用，重点内容包括：词语搭配：词语搭配：理解并正确使用常用词的各种不同的搭配理解并正确使用常用词的各种不同的搭配关系关系 词汇同现：词汇同现：能够分析篇章中词语的同现关系能够分析篇章中词语的同现关系 词语用法：词语用法：能够在特定上下文中正确使用所学的单词，能够在特定上下文中正确使用所学的单词，包括结构的语法性、意义的合适性以及行文的规范性等包括结构的语法性、意义的合适性以及行文的规范性等结论uu词汇能力是语言学习中的最重要能力之一。二、词汇能力的培养误解词汇能力的培养=分解的单一技能(知识)训练困惑投入大，但收获小。词汇量扩大，但能力提高不明显。讨论材料uu以语篇为单位uu以话题为指导uu以任务为中心uu以关联为内容结论词汇能力的培养形容词搭配best,bosom,close,dear,good,great,intimate,real,specialuuHer best friend at school was called Anna.uuIm inviting only my closest friends to the party.Friends形容词搭配faithful,loyal,truelifelong,long-standing,olduuIt was so relaxing to be among old friends.动词搭配becomeuuThey became friends after meeting on holiday.remain,stayuuWe stayed friends even after we grew up and left home.动词搭配find,makefind,makeuuHe finds it difficult to make friends.He finds it difficult to make friends.uuShes made friends with the little girl who lives next Shes made friends with the little girl who lives next door.door.winwinuuHe wont win any friends if he carries on talking like He wont win any friends if he carries on talking like that.that.动词搭配haveuuShe doesnt have many good friends.三、对新课标英语教学的启示uu1.在语篇中考查语言知识和语言技能；uu2.在应用中考查语言的综合能力；uu3.提供学生更大的自由发挥空间；uu4.注重语言与情感文化等因素的融和。语言单位：词句篇语言范畴：形式结构意义语言技能：单一技能 综合技能语言策略：识别 理解 概括 推理产出语言任务：无情景 情景化语言能力的发展趋势语言能力的发展趋势我们在语言学习过程中应该充分认识到：我们在语言学习过程中应该充分认识到：uu语言能力是一个语言能力是一个整体概念整体概念，即：它的各个组成部分，即：它的各个组成部分（语言知识、语言技能和语言任务）之间相互联系、（语言知识、语言技能和语言任务）之间相互联系、互相依存、缺一不可。互相依存、缺一不可。uu语言学习不是简单地记忆单词、背诵语法规则；也不语言学习不是简单地记忆单词、背诵语法规则；也不只是练好听、说、读和写的技能。掌握语言的词、句、只是练好听、说、读和写的技能。掌握语言的词、句、篇必须知道它们如何应用于语言技能中，语言技能必篇必须知道它们如何应用于语言技能中，语言技能必须服务于须服务于语言交际语言交际目的，即：完成特定的语言任务。目的，即：完成特定的语言任务。uu语言知识是语言能力的内核部分。学好语言首先必须语言知识是语言能力的内核部分。学好语言首先必须具备扎实的具备扎实的语言基本功语言基本功，也就是，具有良好的语言知，也就是，具有良好的语言知识并能在语言使用中得到正确的运用。识并能在语言使用中得到正确的运用。uu语言的学习必须融入真实的语言情景中，强调语言的学习必须融入真实的语言情景中，强调语言产语言产出出能力的培养，即：写作（笔头产出）和口语（口头能力的培养，即：写作（笔头产出）和口语（口头产出），同时提高篇章理解与分析的能力。产出），同时提高篇章理解与分析的能力。uu真真 实实 性性无情景无情景有情景有情景uu教学方式教学方式单一单一多样化多样化uu师生互动师生互动低低高高uu能力维度能力维度单维度单维度多维度多维度语言教学的发展趋势Unit 1 Unit 1 FriendshipFriendshipWarming UpWarming Up What do you do to be a good friend?Are you good to What do you do to be a good friend?Are you good to your friends?Make the following survey.Add up your friends?Make the following survey.Add up your score and see how many points you can get.your score and see how many points you can get.1.You want to see a very interesting film with your friend,but your friend cant 1.You want to see a very interesting film with your friend,but your friend cant go until he/she finishes cleaning the bicycle.You willgo until he/she finishes cleaning the bicycle.You will A.go without your friend.A.go without your friend.B.help your friend clean the bicycle so you can leave early.B.help your friend clean the bicycle so you can leave early.C.plan to go another time C.plan to go another time2.Your friend asks to borrow your favourite camera.Then he/she borrowed it 2.Your friend asks to borrow your favourite camera.Then he/she borrowed it last time,he/she broke it and you had to pay to get it repaired.You willlast time,he/she broke it and you had to pay to get it repaired.You will A.say no A.say no B.let your friend borrow it without saying anything.B.let your friend borrow it without saying anything.C.let your friend borrow it,but tell him/her that if the camera is broken C.let your friend borrow it,but tell him/her that if the camera is broken again,he/she will have to pay to get it repaired.again,he/she will have to pay to get it repaired.新课标英语教材新课标英语教材Pre-readingPre-reading1.1.Why do you need friends?Make a list of reasons why friends are important to Why do you need friends?Make a list of reasons why friends are important to youyou2.2.What do you think a good friend should be like?List what a good friend What do you think a good friend should be like?List what a good friend should do and share the list with your parents.should do and share the list with your parents.3.3.Does a friend always have to be a person?What else can be your friend?Does a friend always have to be a person?What else can be your friend?4.4.Do you think a diary can become your friend?Why or why not?Do you think a diary can become your friend?Why or why not?ReadingReading uu ANNES BEST FRIENDANNES BEST FRIENDuuDo you want a friend whom you could tell everything to,like your deepest feelings and Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to,like your deepest feelings and thoughts?Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you,or cant understand what you thoughts?Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you,or cant understand what you are going through?Anne Frank wanted the first kind,so she made her diary her best friend.are going through?Anne Frank wanted the first kind,so she made her diary her best friend.uu Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II.Her family was Jewish so Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II.Her family was Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis.She and her family hid away for they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis.She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.During that time the only true friend nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.During that time the only true friend was her diary.She said,“I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do,was her diary.She said,“I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do,but I want this diary itself to be my friend,and I shall call my friend Kitty.”Now read how she but I want this diary itself to be my friend,and I shall call my friend Kitty.”Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place for over a year.felt after being in the hiding place for over a year.uuThursday 15,1944Thursday 15,1944uuDear Kitty,Dear Kitty,uu I wonder if it I wonder if it s because I havens because I haven t been able to be outdoors for so long that It been able to be outdoors for so long that I ve ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.I can well remember that grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky,the song of the birds,moonlight and there was a time when a deep blue sky,the song of the birds,moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.Thatflowers could never have kept me spellbound.That s changed since I was here.s changed since I was here.uuFor example,when it was so warm,I stayed awake on purpose until half past For example,when it was so warm,I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.But as the moon gave far too much light,I didnBut as the moon gave far too much light,I didn t dare open a window.Another t dare open a window.Another time five months ago,I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window time five months ago,I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window was open.I didnwas open.I didn t go downstairs until the window had to be shut.The dark,rainy t go downstairs until the window had to be shut.The dark,rainy evening,the wind,the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power;it was evening,the wind,the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power;it was the first time in a year and a half that Ithe first time in a year and a half that I d seen the night face to faced seen the night face to face.uu Yours,Yours,uu Anne Anne ComprehendingComprehending1 Join the correct parts of the sentences.1 Join the correct parts of the sentences.1.Anne kept a diary because A.She couldnt meet her fiends.1.Anne kept a diary because A.She couldnt meet her fiends.2.She felt very lonely because B.Jews were caught by Nazis and put 2.She felt very lonely because B.Jews were caught by Nazis and put away.away.3.They had to hide because C.She could tell everything to it.3.They had to hide because C.She could tell everything to it.4.Anne named her diary Kitty because D.They were discovered.4.Anne named her diary Kitty because D.They were discovered.5.They were finally caught because E.She thought it was her best friend.5.They were finally caught because E.She thought it was her best friend.2 Choose the correct answers.2 Choose the correct answers.1.Anne Frank and her family hid away for_.1.Anne Frank and her family hid away for_.A.over a year B.over two years A.over a year B.over two years C.three years D.one year and a half C.three years D.one year and a half3 Answer the following questions:3 Answer the following questions:1 What would you miss most if you went into hiding like Anne and her family?1 What would you miss most if you went into hiding like Anne and her family?Explain why?Explain why?_ _Learning about languageLearning about language Discovering useful words and expressionsDiscovering useful words and expressions1 From Warming Up and Reading,find the words and expressions with the 1 From Warming Up and Reading,find the words and expressions with the following meaning.following meaning.1._believe 6._ write down 1._believe 6._ write down 2._feeling disturbed 7._ suffer something 2._feeling disturbed 7._ suffer something 3._ free,not tied up 8._ with the purpose of 3._ free,not tied up 8._ with the purpose of doing somethingdoing something 4._ make one become calm 9._staying close to and 4._ make one become calm 9._staying close to and looking at somebodylooking at somebody 5._ very interested in something 10._ as stated by somebody 5._ very interested in something 10._ as stated by somebody or somethingor something2 Complete this passage with some of the words above and in the Warming Up.2 Complete this passage with some of the words above and in the Warming Up.Annes sister,Margot,was very _ that the family had to move.She Annes sister,Margot,was very _ that the family had to move.She found it difficult to settle and _ in the hiding place because she found it difficult to settle and _ in the hiding place because she was _ whether they would be discovered.She knew she had to was _ whether they would be discovered.She knew she had to _ her parents and _ them this was necessary.At first _ her parents and _ them this was necessary.At first she thought she would go _ but later she realized that it was she thought she would go _ but later she realized that it was better to _ this together.better to _ this together.3 Complete the following sentences,using the words from Warming Up and 3 Complete the following sentences,using the words from Warming Up and Reading.Reading.1.If you are _ about somebody,you want to offer help because you 1.If you are _ about somebody,you want to offer help because you are worried about him/her.are worried about him/her.2.Was it an accident or did David do it on_?2.Was it an accident or did David do it on_?3.From the very beginning,Paul made it clear that he would be _ 3.From the very beginning,Paul made it clear that he would be _ in control.in control.4.He used to work _ even in the middle of winter.4.He used to work _ even in the middle of winter.5._ is all the animals,plants and other things in the world that are 5._ is all the animals,plants and other things in the world that are not made by people,and all the events that are not caused by people.not made by people,and all the events that are not caused by people.6.Just the _ of more food made her feel sick.6.Just the _ of more food made her feel sick.4 Both have to and have got to can mean“it is a duty to do something”.Find the 4 Both have to and have got to can mean“it is a duty to do something”.Find the sentences that contain have to and have got to in the Warming Up and sentences that contain have to and have got to in the Warming Up and Reading.Reading.Learning about langu