一般现在时态.doc

一般现在时态

一般现在时态

动词三单数的构成：
1)一般情况再词尾加-s .例：make-makes play-plays get-gets read-reads
2)如果动词原形词尾已有e，只加s. close-closes ride-rides wake-wakes leave –leaves
3)以s, x , ch , sh ,o 结尾的动词再词尾加-es. guess-guesses fix, teach, wash, go-goes, do-does
4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要去y变i 加es. fly-flies , carry , study
特殊：have-has
用法
一般现在时表示现在经常发生的动作或存在的状态。

肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句及回答
动
词
be
I am …
I am not …
Am I …? Yes , you are / No , you are not .
You are …
You are not …
Are you …? Yes , I am / No , I am not .
He / She / It is …
He / She / It is not …
Is / She / It /…? Yes , he /she / it is .
We are …
We are not …
Are we …? Yes , you / we are .
You / They are …
You / They are not …
Are you / they …? Yes , we / they are
构成：A. be 动词作谓语
注： 我用am , 你用are , is 用于他她它。单数主语用is ,复数主语均用are .
缩写词：I am = I’m you are = you’re we are = we’re they are = they’re
are not =aren’t he is = he’s she is = she’s it is = it’s is not = isn’t
一般现在时表示现在的状态。
The boy is twelve years old /.
The workers are very busy .
His mother is at work .
B.实义动词作谓语

肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句及回答
动
词
work
I /You work.
I/You do not work .
Do I / you work ?
He / She / It works.
He/She /It doesn’t work .
Does he /she /it work ?
We / You /They work .
We/ You / They do not work .
Do we / you / they work ?
注：以实义动词作谓语的句子， 在一般现在时态中， 如果主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要变为第三人称单数形式， 其余人称均用动词原形。
缩写词：do not = don’t does not = doesn’t
1) 表示现在时间经常性反复发生或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
　 时间状语：
every…, in the morning (…) ，at…, on Sunday sometimes,　, always , often ,usually , never,
etc .
I get I[ at 6:30 every day .
She always helps others .
He often goes to school on foot.
I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.
They never play computer games .
They often watch TV after supper .I usually go to work on my bike .
2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China .
Summer comes after spring .
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例：
Our teacher said that the earth is round.
Our teacher told us that the earth travels around the sun .
3) 表示主语现在时刻具备的能力、性格、个性。
She likes noodles .
He knows a lot of English .
I like playing football .
I don't want so much.
Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
4)在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时来表示将来的动作。
He will ring you up when he gets there .
I shall leave home if the rain stops .
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow , we will go for a picnic .
I will give my father a ring as soon as I gets to the school .
一般现在时
一．意义：
一般现在时，通常表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
二．一般现在时的构成：
1）动词be的第一人称单数为am，第三人称单数为is,第二人称单数及所有复数人称均为are.
2) 动词have除第三人称单数用has外，其他人称均用have。
3）行为动词除第三人称单数动词词尾变化与名词单数变复数规则相同外，其余一律同原形。
注：行为动词一般现在时第三人称单数加-s或-es的规则：
a. 一般词尾加-s: 如： works likes comes attends sees
b. 词尾为ch, sh, s, x, o的动词加-es 如： teaches, washes, fixes, goes
c. 辅音字母+y结尾的动词把-y变成I,在加-es: 如：study-studies fly-flies
三.一般现在时的用法：
1） 表示经常发生的动作，现存的习惯或状态。常与often, always, usually, every day, sometimes, never, once a day, seldom等时间状语连用。例如：
① I am a teacher.
② We are Chinese.
③ She goes to work every day.
④ He always helps others.
2) 表示客观事实或普遍真理。例如：
① There are seven days in a week.
② The earth goes round the sun.
3) 在连词when, before, if, as soon as, until 等引导的表示将来的行为的状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作。例如；
① If it is fine tomorrow, we’ll have a football match.
② I’ll ring you up before I leave the office.
③ When I finish my homework, I’ll tell you a story.
4) 表示安排或计划好的未来的动作，只限于go, come, leave, start, stay, return, arrive, begin, be 等动词。例如：
① My train leaves at 6:30 this morning.-
② How long do you stay here?
③ We start at 8 tomorrow morning for Beijing.
四．一般现在时的否定式和疑问式
1．动词be的否定式和疑问式
动词be的否定式由“be的人称变化+not”构成。疑问式中，be 和主语倒装。
( are not=aren’t is not=isn’t) 如：
① Li Ming is not (isn’t) a worker.
② They are not (aren’t) college students.
③ Is Li Wei thirty-two?
④ Are you from Shanghai?
2．动词 have 的否定式和疑问式
动词 have 如果表示“具有”、“所有”，它的否定式和疑问式即可分别用“have或has + not” 和 “Have you…?” 或 “Has he/she…?”的形式，又可分别用“do/does not have”和“Do you have…?” “Does he/she have…?” 的形式。当动词 have表示其它意义，如have classes have supper/lunch时，它的否定式和疑问式与一般行为动词相同。(have not =haven’t has not =hasn’t) 如：
① I do not (don’t) have supper at six.
② Do the students have English classes every day?
3．行为动词一般现在时的否定式和疑问式
行为动词一般现在时的否定式由 “do not或does not (第三人称单数) + 动词原形”构成。（do not=don’t does not=doesn’t）疑问式要在主语前加“do 或does” (第三人称单数)，后面的行为动词用原形。如：
否定式：I don’t study French.
You don’t study French.
He/She doesn’t study French.
We/ You/ They don’t study French.
疑问式: Do you study French?
Does he/she study French?
Do you study French?
Do we / you/ they study French?

Ⅰ．请把下列各题的主语改为第三人称单数，并作其他必要的表达变化。
1．I teach English in a junior high school.
2．I study English every day.
3．I pass by the post office every morning.
4．I read and write both English and Chinese every day.
5．I have two sisters and one brother.
6．I go to school and come home on a bicycle every day.
7．I wash my hands before I eat something.
8．I don't know her very well.
9．I always try my best when I am told to do something.
10．On weekdays I always get up at 6：00 . Then I do my bed, brush my teeth, wash my face, and get everything ready in half an hour. At 6：30 I have my breakfast with my parents and sisters and leave for school at 6：50.
Ⅱ．请把下列动词选填到各题空格处。（可以重复选用）
（be, begin, belong, cook, cry, do, feel, go, have, help, keep , make, mean, rain, understand ）
1．My father （1）______ to work by bus every morning .
2．（2）______ you （3）______ what （4）______?
3．The summer vacation usually （5） ______ on July 1 in most schools.
4．We often （6）______ swimming in summer.
5．A baby （7）______ when it （8）______ hungry.
6．Everyone （9）______ happy and （10） ______ a good time during the Chinese New Year.
7．In autumn it （11）______ not （12）______ very often in this part of the country.
8．The two little cats （13）______ to my aunt, She （14）______ them as her pets.
9．In my family, my mother always （15）______ the meals and my father （16）______ the dishes. But when they （17）______ very busy, I often （18）______ them in the kitchen.
10．My bicycle often （19）______ some strange noises,
11.I wonder if something （20）______ wrong with it.

练习一
一、用am, is ,are 填空。
1.Lily and Lucy ______ twins . 2. This _______ a bus , that ______ a bike .
3.What _____ it ? It ____ a pencil . 4. Where ________ her shoes ?
5.Li Lei and I ________ classmates . 6. It ____ about eight o’clock .
7.Your sister _______ not here . 8. _______ these potatoes ? Yes , they ________ .
9._______ you a teacher ? No , I ______ not . 10.No news ________ good news .
11. The ones on the left ________ Li Lei’s . 12. There _______ some orange in the bottle .
13. The boys _______ interested in science .14. ______ your sister good at boating ? No , she ____ not .
15. There _______ not any students in the room .
二、用所给动词的一般现在时态填空
1)I _______ ( go ) to school at seven every day .
2)The girl often ______ ( get ) up at half past five and _______ ( go ) to bed at ten o’clock .
3)Some of us _________ ( play ) football after school .
4)He _________ ( study ) English and he ________________ ( not study ) French .
5)Lucy and Lily ________ ( like ) apples but Tom _____________ ( not like ) apples .
6)Your sister _________ ( have ) two cars .
7)I ___________ ( have ) an English dictionary but I __________ ( not have ) an English Chinese dictionary .
8)What _________ he _________ ( do ) ?
9)They ___________ ( speak ) English and Japanese very well .
10)Where ____________ your parents __________ ( work )?
11)________ you _________ ( have ) any children ?
12)We _____________ ( have ) lunch in the middle of the day .
13)He sometimes __________ ( watch ) TV in the middle of the day .
14)The shop near our school ___________ ( sell ) books . 15)Li Lei _____________ ( not want ) any meat .
16)Who ____________ ( teach ) you English ?
17) ____ Uncle Wang ____ ( work ) in a factory ? Yes , he _____ . No, he _____ ( work ) in a hospital .
18)Lin Tao _______ ( get ) up , _____ ( have ) breakfast and ______ ( go ) to work every morning .
19)What nice flowers they ________ ( have ) ! 20)I ___________ ( not think ) you are right .
21) Lin Tao often ____________ ( study ) in the classroom after school .
22) My mother _______________ ( not have ) any brothers .
23)My mother __________( want ) to see my teacher , Mr Wu.
三、将下列句子变为否定句，疑问名并作肯否定回答。
1.Han Meimei has a red pen . 2. I’m a middle school student .
_____________________________ __________________________________
______________________________ _____________________________________
3.Lily likes swimming . 4.They ride bikes to go to work every day .
_________________________________ _____________________________________
__________________________________ ______________________________________
5. There are some water in the bottle . 6. I have lunch at home .
__________________________________ ______________________________________
____________________________________ ______________________________________

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