计算机英语(人邮第4版)电子教案.docx

1、课程概况课程名称：计算机专业英语
课程英文名称：Computer English授课班级：计算机1班
授课教师：
授课地点：多媒体教室教材：计算机英语(第3版).司爱侠张强华编著；人民邮电出版社出版
课程类别：必修课2、课程任务与目的
本课程的任务和目的是通过对专业英语的学习，掌握计算机相关的英语词汇，具有阅读 计算机专业资料的能力，具有•定的专业翻译能力，能够用英语表达专业意义并实现业务沟 通。
3、教学内容
本课程以Unit为教学单位，包括以下教学模块：
1) 播放课文MP3,培养学生专业英语的听力。
2) 精讲课文Text A,这些课文既包括基本概念和基础知识，也包括行业应用，同时尽量覆 盖行业的主要子领域。通过对Text A译文详细讲解，让学生掌握阅读理解的方法，培养翻 译技能。
3) New Words：学习课文中出现的新词，这些单词既有公共英语中不常使用、而在专业英 语中经常出现的单词，也有在专业英语中有特殊含义的单词。学生由此可以积累专业词汇。
4) Phrases：学习课文中的常用专业英语词组及局部非专业英语词组。
5) Abbreviations：学习课文中出现的、业内人士必须掌握的缩略语。缩略语在计算机行业 中十分重要，必须给予充分的重视。
6) Notes：讲解课文中出现的难句、长句、语法结构复杂的句子。这有利于学生透彻领会难 句的含义，也可以培养学生的阅读理解能力。
[1] It translates commands from the operating system or user into commands understood by the component part it interfaces with.
本句中，from the operating system or user是一个介词短语，作定语，修饰和限定它前面 的 commandso understood by the component part it interfaces with 是一个过去分词短语，作定 语，修饰和限定它前面的commandso在该过去分词短语中，it interfaces with是-个定语从 句，修饰和限定 the component parto translates ... into ...的意思是"把翻译成"。
[2] The operating system makes these interfacing functions along with its other functions operate smoothly and these functions are mostly transparent to the user.
本句中，The operating system 作主语，makes 作谓语，these interfacing functions along with its other functions作宾语，operale smoothly是一个不带to的动词不定式短语，作宾语补足语。
英语中，当make、let、have、see、hear> watch、notice> feel等动词后面用不定式作宾 语补足语时，不定式都不带t。。这一点特别重要。请看下例：
I often hear people talk about this kind of printer.
我经常听人们谈论这种打印机。
Please don't forget to have him help you with your computing.
请别忘了让他帮你做运算。
[3] These can happen due to a software bug typically in the operating system, although computer programs being run on the operating system can make the system more unstable or may even crash the system by themselves.
本句中，due to a software bug typically in the operating system 是一个原因状语。due to 的意思是“由于，因为'although computer programs being run on the operating system can make the system more unstable or may even crash the system by themselves 是一个让步状语从句。在 该从句中，computer programs 作主语，being run on the operating system 作定语，修饰 computer programs, can make作谓语，the system作宾语，more unstable作宾语补足语，or是连词， 连接并列谓语，意思是“或者”。
|4] When a single program is allowed to run at a time, the system is grouped under the single-tasking system category, while in case the operating system allows for execution of multiple tasks at a time, it is classified as a multi-tasking operating system.
本句中，while表示比照，意思是“而，但是”，它连接了两个复合句。这两个复合句 分别解释 了什么是 single-tasking system, 什么是 multi-tasking operating systemo
英语中，while在不同的语境中所表达的意思不同。请看下例：
While the discussion was still going on, George came in.
当讨论还在进行时，乔治走了进来。（当......时；表示时间）
Muhi-user computer operating systems allow multiple users to access a computer system simultaneously while single-user operating systems are usable by only one user at a time.
多用户计算机操作系统允许多个用户同时访问一个计算机系统，而单用户操作系统一次 只能被一个用户使用。（而，但是；表示比照）
While this printer is of good quality, I think it is too expensive.
尽管这台打印机质量很好，但我认为还是太贵了。（虽然，尽管；表示让步）
We can surely overcome these difficulties while we make our best.（只要；表示条件） 只要我们竭尽全力，就一定能克服这些困难。
[5] An operating system that manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear
to be a single computer is known as a distributed operating system.
本句中，that manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear to be a single computer是一个定语从句，修饰和限定An operating systemo be known as的意思是"被 称为…”。
5、播放Text A课文听力6、Text B 选学
由老师根据教学实际，制定学习方案。可以使用讨论课、翻转课堂、学生撰写学习报告等多种形式。通过【Ex6.】检查学生对Text B课文的掌握情况。
7、课后作业［Exl.】、［Ex2. ］、［Ex3.］和【Ex5.］为必做题，【Ex4.］和【Ex6.】为选做题。
8、阅读材料
课外阅读。
item
[5aitEm]
n.工程
manipulation
fmE7nipju5!eiFEn]
n.处理，操作
record
[5rekC:d]
n.记录
subscript
[5sQbskript]
岫.下标
table
[5teibl]
n.表，表格
tabular
[5tAbjulE]
adj.列成表格的，表格式的
various
l5vZEriEs]
adj.不同的，各种各样的，多方面的，多样的
row
[rau]
n.行，排
permanent
[5pE:n】EnEnt]
adj.永久的，持久的
define
[di5fain]
vt.定义，详细说明
criteria
[5krai5tiriE]
n.标准
2、Text A重点词组学习
account number
账号
data set
数据集
data structure
数据结构
decision table
判定表，决策表
file name extension
文件扩展名
memory cell
内存单元
three-dimensional table
三维表
truth table
真值表
3、Text A难句讲解
[1] Any data structure is designed to organize data to suit a specific purpose so that it can be accessed and worked with in appropriate ways.
本句 中，to organize data to suit a specific purpose so that it can be accessed and worked with in appropriate ways是一个动词不定式短语，作目的状语，修饰is designed«在该短语中，【o suit a specific purpose也是一个动词不定式短语，作目的状语，修饰to organize» so that it can he accessed and worked with in appropriate ways 是一个目的状语从句。
[2] In computer programming languages, an array is a group of objects with the same attributes that can be addressed individually, using such techniques as subscripting.
本句中，with the same attributes是一个介词短语，作定语，修饰和限定a group of objects <> that can be addressed individually 是一个定语从句，也修饰和限定 a group of objects, using such techniques as subscripting是一个现在分词短语，作方式状语，修饰从句的谓语can be
addressed。
[3] By providing the same information in the same fields in each record so that all records are consistent, your file will be easily accessible for analysis and manipulation by a computer program.
本句中，By providing the same information in the same fields in each record so that all records are consistent是一个现在分词短语，作方式状语，修饰谓语will be easily accessible。 在该短语中，so that all records arc consistent是一个结果状语从句，修饰谓语providingo
英语中，so that既可以引导一个目的状语从句，也可以引导一个结果状语从句。请看下 例：
We asked the professor to speak louder so that we could hear him.
我们请教授讲话声再大一些，以便让我们能听清。(目的状语从句)
Mary didn't plan her time well, so that she didn't finish the work in time.
玛利没有把时间计划好，结果没有按时完成这项工作。(结果状语从句)In any computer system but especially in personal computers, a file is an entity of data available to system users (including the system itself and its application programs) that is capable of being manipulated as an entity (for example, moved from one file directory to another).
本句中，available (o system users是一个现在分词短语，作定语，修饰和限定an entity of datao that is capable of being manipulated as an entity 是,个定语从句，也修饰和限定 an entity of data。
[51 The organization of data in the record is usually prescribed by the programming language (ha( defines the record's organization and/or by the application that processes it.
本句中，and/or连接了 by引导的两个方式状语« that defines the record^ organization是 一个定语从句，修饰和限定the programming languageo|6] For example, a database fbr a business would typically contain a table for customer information, which would store customers' account numbers, addresses, phone numbers, and so on as a series of columns.
本句中，which would store customers' account numbers, addresses, phone numbers, and so on as a series of columns 是一个非限定性定语从句,X'j a table for customer information 进行补 充说明。
[7] Fields, in turn, are organized as records, which are complete sets of information, such as the set of information about a particular customer, each of which comprises a row.
本句中，which are complete sets of information是一个非限定性定语从句，对records进 行补充说明。such as the set of information about a particular customer 是对 complete sets of information的举例说明，each of which comprises a row是一个非限定性定语从句，对the set of information about a particular customer 进行补充说明。
英语中，定语从句还可以由名词(代词/数词)+ of + which (whom)来引导，表示局部 与整体的关系。注意不要误用which和whom。which指物，whom用来指人。请看下例：
Peter's father knows a lot of people, many of whom are professors.
彼德的爸爸认识许多人，其中好多是教授。
She bought many books yesterday, five of which are on ERP.
她昨天买了许多书，其中5本是ERP方面的。
4、播放Text A课文听力5、Text B 选学
由老师根据教学实际，制定学习方案。可以使用讨论课、翻转课堂、学生撰写学习报告等多种形式。通过【Ex6.］检查学生对Text B课文的掌握情况。
6、课后作业
［Exl.】、【Ex2.】、［Ex3.］和【Ex5.】为必做题，【Ex4.］和【Ex6.］为选做题。
7、阅读材料课外阅读。
block
[blCk]
n.块
calculate
[5kAlkjuleit]
v.计算
compilation
[7kCmpi5leiFEn]
n.编辑
declare
[di5klZE]
vl.声明
describe
[dis5kraib]
V.描述
float
[flEut]
vi.浮动
include
[in5 klu:d]
vt.包括，包含
indentation
[7inden5teiFEn]
n.缩排，呈锯齿状
invoke
[in5vEuk]
V.调用
prompt
[prCinpt]
n.提示，提示符
return
[ri5tE:n]
n.返回
sign
[sain]
n.标记，符号
string
[striN]
n.串
symbol
[5simbEl]
n.符号，记号
variable
[5vZEriEbl]
n.变量

2、Text A重点词组学习
command line
命令行
floating point value
浮点值
format string
格式串
main function
主函数
make sure
确定，确保
make up
构成
single character value
单字符值
whole number
整数
3、Text A重点缩写学习
CGI
公共网关接口(Common Gateway Interface)
4、Text A难句讲解It means that once you write your C program, you must run it through a C compiler to turn your program into an executable that the computer can run.
本句中，This 指它前面的整个句子 C is what is called a compiled language<> that once you write your C program, you must run it through a C compiler to turn your program into an executable that the computer can run 是一个宾语从句。在该从句中，once you write your C program 是一个条件状语从句，修饰谓语 must run, to turn your program into an executable 是 一个动词不定式短语，作目的状语，也修饰谓语must run, that the computer can run是一个 定语从句，修饰和限定an executableo turn ... into ...的意思是"把变成"。
［2］The standard I/O library lets you read input from the keyboard (called "standard in"), write output to the screen (called "standard out"), process text files stored on the disk, and so on.
本句中，read input from the keyboard (called "standard in"), write output to the screen (called "standard out"), process text files stored on (he disk 是三个并列的不带 to 的动词不定式短语， 作宾语 you 的补足语o called "standard in"是对 read input from the keyboard 的补充说明,called "standard out”是对 write output to the screen 的补充说明，stored on the disk 是一个过去分词短 语，作定语，修饰和限定text fileso［3］A library is simply a package of code that someone else has written to make your life easier.
本句中，that someone else has written to make your life easier 是一个定语从句，修饰和限 定a package of code。在该从句中，to make your life easier是一个动词不定式短语,作目的 状语，修饰谓语has written, easier是宾语your life的补足语。
［4］For example, if your program requests a value from the user, or if it calculates a value, you will want to remember it somewhere so you can use it later.
本句中，or 连接 J’ 两个条件状语从句 if your program requests a value from the user 和 if it calculates a value, so you can use it later 是_个目的状语从句。
本句中，第一个it指your program,第二个和第三个it都指a value。
5、播放Text A课文听力
6、Text B 选学由老师根据教学实际，制定学习方案。可以使用讨论课、翻转课堂、学生撰写学习
报告等多种形式。通过【Ex6.］检查学生对Text B课文的掌握情况。
7、课后作业
［Exl. ］、［Ex2. ］、［Ex3.】和【Ex5.］为必做题，【Ex4.］和【Ex6.］为选做题。
8、阅读材料
课外阅读。
attribute
[E5tribju:t]
n.属性，特征
combine
fkEm5bain]
v.（使）联合，（使）结合，组合
computing
[kEm5pju:tiN]
n.计算，处理
concurrency
[kEn5kQrEnsi]
n.并发性
deal
ldi：l]
vi.处理
failure
[5feiljE]
n.故障
filter
[5fillEJ
vt.过滤n.筛选
index
[5indeks]
n.索引，指数vi.做索引
hierarchical
[7haiE5rB:kikEl]
adj.分等级的
instance
[5instEns]
n.实例
key
lki：J
n.键
link
[liNk]
n.&v.链接
match
[mAtF]
n.&v.匹配
model
[5mCdl]
n.样式，模型
nesting
[5nestiN]
n.嵌套
rule
[ru:l]
n.规那么
tuple
[5tj 叩 1]
n.元组
query
(5kwiEri|
n.&v.查询

2、Text A重点词组学习
be independent of
与……无关；不依赖；不取决于；不受……限制
computing discipline
计算学科
hierarchical model
层级模型
in answer to
回答，响应
in principle
原那么上；大致上：通常
primaiy key
主键
query language
查询语言
relational model
关系模型
Web Site
网站
3、Text A重点缩写学习In computing, a database can be defined as a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer so that a program can consult it to answer queries.
DBMS
数据库管理系统(database management system)
本句中，that is stored in a computer so that a program can consult it to answer queries 是 • 个定语从句，修饰和限定 a structured collection records or dala。在该从句中，so that a program can consult it to answer queries 是一个目的状语，修饰谓语 is storedoThe model in most common use today is the relational model, which in layman's terms represents all information in the form of multiple related tables each consisting of rows and columns (the true definition uses mathematical terminology).
本句中，which in layman's terms represents all information in (he form of multiple related tables each consisting of rows and columns (the true definition uses mathematical terminology) 是一个非限定性定语从句，对the relational model作补充说明。in layman's terms的意思是“用 外行的话说” ,each 作 multiple related tables 的同位语，consisting of rows and columns 是一 个现在分词短语，作定语，修饰和限定multiple related tables»An example is the relational model: all serious implemenlations of the relational model allow the creation of indexes which provide fast access to rows in a table if the values of certain columns are known.
本句中，which provide fast access to rows in a tabic 是一*个定语从句，修饰和限定 indexes<> if the values of certain columns are known 是一个条件状语从句，修饰 allow。
[1] The flat (or table) model consists of a single, two-dimensional array of data elements, where all members of a given column arc assumed to be similar values, and all members of a row arc assumed to be related to one another.
本句中，where all members of a given column are assumed to be similar values, and all members of a row are assumed to be related to one another 是一个非限定性定语从句，对 a single, two-dimensional array of data elements 进彳 j'补充说明。
[5J In a hierarchical model, data is organized into a tree-like structure, implying a single upward link in each record to describe the nesting, and a sort field to keep the records in a particular order in each same-level list.
本句中，implying a single upward link in each record to describe the nesting, and a sort field to keep the records in a particular order in each same-level list 是一个现在分词短语，作 a tree-like structure的非限定性定语，to describe the nesting是一个动词不定式短语，作定语， 修饰和争艮定 a single upward link, to keep the records in a particular order in each samc-lcvcl list 也是一个动词不定式短语，作定语，修饰和限定a sort fieldo[6] Yet, in order to enforce explicit integrity constraints, relationships between records in tables can also be defined explicitly, by identifying or non-identifying parent-child relationships characterized by assigning cardinality (l：l, (0)1M：M).
本句中，in order to enforce explicit integrity constraints 作目的状语，by identifying or non-identifying parent-child relationships characterized by assigning cardinality (l：l, (0)1 ：M, M：M)作方式状语。在该方式状语中，characterized by assigning cardinality (1 ： L (0) 1:M, M：M) 是一个过去分词短语，作定语，修饰和限定parent-child relationshipso
5、播放Text A课文听力
6^ Text B 选学
由老师根据教学实际，制定学习方案。可以使用讨论课、翻转课堂、学生撰写学习报告 等多种形式。通过【Ex6.】检查学生对Text B课文的掌握情况。
7、课后作业
(Exl.］ ＞【Ex2.】、［Ex3.】和【Ex5.］为必做题，【Ex4.】和【Ex6.］为选做题。
8、阅读材料
课外阅读。
7）Exercises：练习巩固局部。其中，【Ex1.】检查学生对Text A课文的掌握情况；[Ex2.] 解释本课学习的核心英语单词意义；【Ex3.】培养学生英文翻译成中文的能力；【Ex4j熟 悉计算机等级考试的真题；【Ex5.】通过短文选词填空，培养学生的篇章阅读能力和对整篇 文章的领悟能力。
8）Reading Material：此局部内容为行业相关的材料，供学生课外学习，进一步扩大视野。
4、教学过程
（详情附后）5、考核方式与要求
1. 本课程为考查课，考核方式采用翻译为主的考试方式，要求学生掌握基本的计算机专业 词汇以及理解计算机文献。
2. 课程考核：总成绩=平时（40%） +期末理论考试（60%）。
3. 平时成绩依据考勤、作业、课堂提问情况以及学习态度进行评定。
bookmark
[5bukmB:k]
n.书签
characteristic
[7kAriktE5ristik]
n.特性，特征
class
[klB:s]
n.类
concept
[5kRnseptJ
n.概念，观念，思想
distributed
[dis5tribju:tid]
adj.分布式的
formal
[5fC:mEI)
adj.外形的，正式的，形式的
hiding
l5haidiNJ
n.隐藏
hienirchy
[5haiErB:kiJ
n.层次，层级
inherit
fin5herit]
vt.继承,遗传
inheritance
[in5hcritEns]
n.继承，遗传
manipulate
[mE5nipjuleit]
VL操作，使用
message
[5mesidV]
n.消息
namespace
[neimspeisj
n.名空间
object
[5CbdVikt]
n.对象，物体，目标
prototype
[5prEutEutaip|
n.原型，模型
subclass
[5sQbklB:s]
n.子类，子集
superclass
[5sju:pE7klB:s]