高一英语必修一必背知识点-1.docx

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑高一英语必修一必背学问点 在学习上，听老师讲课是猎取学问的捷径。为提高课堂效率，听课时应保持精力旺盛，头脑糊涂，这是学好学问的前提条件。老师就是名如其字，教会我们想不通的学问，所以请好好学习吧下面是我给大家带来的高一英语必修一必背学问点，期望能关怀到你! 高一英语必修一必背学问点1 1.Now imagine there has been a big earthquake. 如今，假设有一次大地震。 “There +be +主语+其它成分”结构中there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词依据就近全都原则。其它相像句型还有： There happen to be 碰巧有 There seems/appears to be 好像有 There is likely to be 可能有 There may/might be 或许有 There must be 确定有 There cant be 不行能有 There is said/reported to be 据说/据报道有 There used to be 曾经有 There is sure/certain to be 确定有 2. happen to. It (so) happened that Did you hear what happened to David last night? 你听说大卫昨天晚上发生什么事了吗? What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice break up? 假如彼得和爱丽丝离婚孩子们将怎么办? I happened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday. 昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。 It so happened that I saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday. 昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。 I happened to be out when he called. 他来访时，恰巧我出去了。 (= It happened that I was out when he called.) I happened on just the thing I had been looking for. 我偶然发觉了我所要找的东西。 3. right away毫不迟疑，马上 He is ill; you should call in the doctor right away. 他病了, 你应当马上请大夫来。 4. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. 裂缝里冒出臭气。 5. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧急得不想吃食。 6. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 但是，这个城市的一百万居民都没有把这些状况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。 7. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 世界好像到了末日。 从句表示“(在某人)看来好像;好像” It seems/looks/appears as if/though看起来好像 Sb./Sth. looks as if/though(不用seem/appear) There seems/appears(to be)(不用 look) There appears to have been a mistake. =It appears that there has been a mistake. It seems so. =So it seems.看来好像是这样。 8. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沦落为一片废墟之中。 9. Two-thirds of them died or injured during the earthquake. 三人之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。 10. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.死伤的人数到达40多万。 10. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. 有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。 11. All hope was not lost.不是全部的期望都破灭了。该句为部分否认。All, both, everyone, everybody, everything 以及every+名词都表示全部确定;但当not 在它们之前或之后都表示部分否认。no one, none nobody, nothing, notany, 以及 no+名词都表示全部否认。如： Both of them havent read this story.并非他们二人都看过这个故事。 All of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out this problem. 这些男孩都很聪慧，但没有一个人能解出这道题。 All bamboo doesnt grow tall.=Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非全部的竹子都长的高。 12. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。 13. under the weight of在重压下，迫于 14. in the open air 在户外，在野外，露天 in the air 在空中，悬而未决 15. take turns to do sth依次，轮番做某事 in turn 依次地，轮番地 It is your turn now.如今轮到你了。 No one is allowed to get his ticket out of turn. 任何人都不准不按次序买票。 16. be shocked at对感到震惊 17. be proud of以为骄傲 18. Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28 19. express ones thanks to sb /for sth对/因表示感谢 20. without warning 毫无预兆 21. next to紧接着，相邻，次于 22. get away from避开，摆脱，离开 23. disarster-hit areas灾区 24. raise money 募捐，筹款 25. Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody. 听英语是一项很重要的技能，由于只有当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。 26. It is believed that on the surface of the earth are a number of plates. 人们认为地球外表是一些板块。 27. hold up举起;托住;支撑;使停滞;耽搁;提出;阻挡;列举，推举;(理论等)经得住 Women can hold up half of the sky.妇女能顶半边天。 28. make up弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解, 编辑, 化妆,补足,拼凑 Farm workers make up only a small section of the population. 农夫只占人口的一小部分. The boy made up a story; it was not true. 男孩编了个故事，这故事不是真的。 29. The judge gave a prize and his congratulations to the cyclist who won the competition.裁判把奖金颁给赢得竞赛的自行车选手，并向他庆贺。 30. The miners who had been trapped in the mine for two days were finally rescued.被困在煤矿里两天的矿工们最终得到了营救。 31. The reporter recognized that the girl who was so frightened was trying to avoid the question.记者意识到女孩很可怕，而且尽力地回避问题。 32. The big fire destroyed two shops which are about four blocks from here. 大火摧毁了离这儿四个街区的两个商店。 33. I cant express how I am feeling at the moment. 我无法表达我如今的感觉。 34. It is said but true that people die in earthquakes from falling furniture and bricks. 据说但是真实的，在地震中人们死于倒落的家具和砖块。 35. be fixed to被固定到 36. be tied to 被绑在 高一英语必修一必背学问点2 一、present simple and present continuous 一般如今是和如今进行时 1，present simple: 反复进行的，经常性的动作(惯例习惯) Eg, He watches soap operas. 及状态 I live in Budapest. 一般如今时常和以下时间状语连用：always, usually, from, time to time, twice a week, rarely, seldom, once a month, never. 2,如今进行时：说话时正在进行的动作(如今，此刻) 确定时间段内经常进行的动作 和如今进行时连用的时间状语有just, now, at the moment, at present. 二、future：arrangements and intentions 将来的支配和预备 1、be going to 表示预备要做的事情。 2、如今进行时表示已经确定或支配好事情。 Eg, Im getting married in June. 3、一般如今是表示不行转变的官方活动或时间表 The summer term begins on the 15th of February. 三、past simple and past continues 1,psat simple ：一般过去时，表示过去完成的动作或过去的情境和习惯。 Eg: She climb the stairs and went to her room. 用一般过去时要在规章动词词尾加-ed，或用不规章动词的过去式，一般过去式的疑问句和否认句用did 和didnt 加动词原形。 2、past continuous过去进行时：过去某段时间正在进行的动作形成某些大事发生的情境动作。 Eg, It was raining during the whole match. 当过去进行时和一般过去时出如今同一个句子中时，过去进行时描述故事发生的背景，儿一般过去时则报道该大事。 Eg， We driving along a country lane when, suddenly a car drove past us. Form: 过去进行时的结构是：主语+was /were +动词-ing形式。 Eg， The driver was sitting behind the wheel. 四、present perfect and past simple。如今完成时和一般过去式，如今完成时表示发生在过去的事情对如今照旧有明显的影响 发生在过去的动作但是不知道动作发生的时间或对动作发生的确切时间不感爱好。 如今完成时经常和以下时间状语连用： Before, ever, never, already, and , yet. already 用于确定句，yet 用于疑问句和否认句。 Venus and Serena have played each other before.(重要的事他们过去进行了竞赛，但是何时竞赛并不重要如今完成时) Venus and Serena have played each other in June 1999.( 我们知道此事发生的确切时间一般过去时) 五、The passive 被动语态 在以下状况下使用被动语态： 1、不知道耶不需要知道谁做的这件事。 2、动作的执行者“显而易见” 3、动作本身比动作执行者更重要或不想指出谁做的这件事。 4、在书面语特殊是在科技报告、报刊文章中被动语态比主动语态更正式。 Form： Tense时态 form 形式 +past 一般如今时 am/is/are +past participle 过去分词 如今进行时 am/is/are being +pp 如今完成时 have/has been +pp 一般过去时 was/were +pp 过去进行时 was/were being +pp 六、have to/not have to, can/cant, ought to/ought not to uses 用法： have to 用来表示义务责任，You have to pass your test before you can drive. Dont have to 表达不必：We dont have to wear uniforms at our school. Can 用来表示允许或恳求答应或者表示某事可能发生。 You can buy CDs at the market. Cant 表示禁止或不行能：You cant go out tonight. Ought to 表示应当做某事。You ought to visit your grandparents this weekend. Ought not to 表示不应当做某事You ought not to walk alone at night. Form 形式 can/cant, have to/not have to 及ought to/ought not to 后用动词原形。 如今完成时，一般如今时，一般过去时 很多语言都有如今完成时态，因此常将它和一般如今时混淆，在英语中，用如今完成时描述发生在过去但对如今又影响的大事。假如涉及到过去某时间，则要用一般过去时。 假如过去大事的确切时间或日期不重要，也可以用如今完成时。 高一英语必修一必背学问点3 get on well with sb; like to be with students; be gentle with us; be kind to sb; be a strict teacher; be strict with ones pupils; be strict in work We think of him (her) as; help sb with sth; praise sb for sth; blame sb for sth. give advice on; question sb on be satisfied with correct the students homework carefully and prepare for the next day; give sb a lot of work; try to teach sb good study habits; make ones lessons lively and interesting; teach sb. sth.; teach sb to do sth. devote all ones time to work; admire (sb.for) his devotion to the cause of education 佩服他对于教育事业的献身精神。 高一英语必修一必背学问点 第 9 页 共 9 页