商务英语写作14.pptx

外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 Threetypesofrecommendationletters1.EmploymentrecommendationlFrom:employerlUsualpurpose:gettingajob 外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 Threetypesofrecommendationletters(Cont.)2.AcademicrecommendationlFrom:teacher,professorlUsualpurpose:gettingintocollegeorgraduateschool,receivingascholarshiporfellowship 外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 Threetypesofrecommendationletters(Cont.)3.CharacterreferencelFrom:friend,relativelUsualpurpose:gettingajob,winninganaward,childadoption,courthearing,etc.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 EmploymentRecommendationslWhetheryouarelaidofforleaveyourjobonyourownaccord,aletterofrecommen-dationfromyouremployercanbeavaluabletoolforfindinganewjob.Suchaletterisoftenpreferabletolistingyoursupervisorandhisorherphonenumberonyourresume.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 AreferenceletterlProvidesanorganizedanalysisofyourattributesandabilitieslIsafreshwhenwrittenappraisalnotcloudedbytimelSavesfutureemployerstheeffortofinterviewingyourformersupervisorlSavesyourformersupervisorthetimeandtroubleofbeinginterviewed 外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 Areferenceletter(Cont.)lImportantly,obtainingawrittenletteralsogivesyouinsightintohowyourformeremployerperceivesyouonbalanceeitherfavorablyorunfavorably.Withthisinformationinhandyoucanspotlightagoodreferenceordownplayapoorone.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 AcademicRecommendationslLettersofrecommendationarerequiredforacceptancetothevastmajorityofbothundergraduateandgraduatedegreeprograms.Oftenapplicantsmustprovidethreeormoreletters.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 PointsofpotentialinteresttograduateadmissionscommitteeslHowgoodareyourresearchskills(ofgreatinteresttomostgraduateprograms)?lDoyouofferthoughtfulcontributionstoclassdiscussions?lDoyouhavegoodinterpersonalskillsthatenableyoutogetalongwithfacultyandotherstudents?lDoyouexhibitstrongleadershipskills?lHaveyoucontributedtothevariousextracurricularactivitiesoftheDepartment?外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 CharacterreferenceslCharacterreferencelettersareaspecialcategoryofrecommendationbecausetheyareusuallywrittenbyfriends,neighborsorrelatives.Theselettersmeetavarietyofnon-employmentandnon-academicrelatedneeds.Everythingfromgainingmembershipsandwinningawardstochildcustodyandadoptions.Characterreferenceletterscanalsobeusefulinjobseeking.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 WhotoasklGivenachoiceaboutwhotoask,asksomeonewholIscomfortablewritingaletterforyoulCanwritewellandwriteeasilylHasexperiencewritinglettersofrecommendationlIsfamiliarwithyourworklKnowsyouwellenoughtobeabletoincludepersonalanecdotesintheletterlHasthehighestand/ormostrelevantjobtitle 外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 Dontwritealetterunless.Neveragreetowritealetterofrecommendationunlessyou:lhavethetimetowriteitlknowtheindividualwellenoughtodiscusshimorherinatangiblewaylhonestlyfeelcomfortablewritingtheletter 外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 FormulaicRecommendationLetterslThatthemorepersonalizedaletterofrecommendationisthemoreeffectiveitwillprobablybe.lWritingaletterinvolvesacertainamountofcreativity.Intermsoftheirunderlyingdynamics,whattheycoverandhowtheyareorganizedlettersofrecommendationarealmostalwaysthesame.Inotherwords,goodrecommendationlettersarehighlyformulaic.lApproachingyourletterfromthiscontextwillnotonlymakeyourwritingeasieritwillmakeyourrecommendationmoreuseful.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 PutYourselfinthereadersshoeslThereaderofyourletterwillmostlikelyhavereadhundredsofrecommendationsbefore,andwillhaveonlylimitedtimetodevotetoit.lThebusinessreaderwillhavetheapplicantsresume.Theacademicreaderwillhavetheapplicantstranscriptandhisorherstandardizedtestscores.Additionally,bothtypesofreaderswillhavetheopportunitytointerviewtheirrespectivecandidate.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 Whattheyneedfromyouarefourthings:lAsensethatyourcredentialsaremeaningfulandthereforewhatyousayinyourletterisworthlisteningtolAsensethatyouknowthecandidatewellenoughtoformsoundjudgmentslAsenseofwhetherornotyouarevouchingforthecandidatelInsightsintothecandidatespersonaldimensions.Insightsthatcannotbegleanedfromaresumeortranscript,andoftennotfromaninterview.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 GuidelinesforrecommendationslRespondonlytowrittenrequest.lProvideonlyjob-relatedinformation.lAvoidvagueorambiguousstatements.lSupplyspecificevidenceforanynegative.lStressfacts.lStatethatyourremarksareconfidential.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 StructureforarecommendationRecommendationsoftenhavethreeparts:lOpeninglBodylConclusion 外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 Openingltogivethenameofthecandidateandthepositionsought.lStatethatyourremarksareconfidential.lSuggestthatyouarewritingattherequestoftheapplicantorsaythatyouarecomplyingwiththerequest.lDescribeyourrelationshipwiththecandidate.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 SampleOpening1DearMr.Villas:ThisisinresponsetoyourrecentrequestforaletterofrecommendationforMariaHillmanwhoworkedformeupuntiltwoyearsago.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 SampleOpening2ToWhomitMayConcern:ScottSmithworkedformeatXYZTechnologiesforthreeyearsasaseniortechnicalinstructor.IamwritingthisletterofrecommendationtoconfirmthathisrecentlayofffromXYZwasnotinanywaytiedtohisperformance,andtohighlyrecommendhimasanemployeewithyourorganization.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 MakesuretheopeningmatchesthetoneoftherestofyourletterSampleopeningwords:lThisletterisinreferencetolThisservesasaletterofreferenceforlIampleasedtowritethisletterofrecommendationforlIampleasedtorecommendlItisagenuinepleasureandhonorformetorecommendOpinionofindividuallVerylowlFairlylowlAveragelFairlyhighlVeryhigh 外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 BodylDescribetheapplicantsacademicorjobperformanceandpotential.lYoucanfocusonsuchtraitsascommunicationskills,organizationalskills,interpersonalskills,abilitytoworkwithateam,dependability,loyaltyandinitiative.lBesuretobackupyourdescriptionwithevidence.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 SampleBody1IwasquiteimpressedbyJamesabilitytocompleteallworkassignedtohimontime,ifnotbeforeitwasdue.Hisresearchwasalwaysthoroughandcomprehensive,andhisfactcheckingalwaysaccurate.Wesometimesallowoureditorialassistantstodosomewriting,butJamestalentspromptedustoassignhimmorepiecesthanthenorm.Hiswritingisclear,concise,andevocative.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 SampleBody2Michaelisanenthusiastic,dedicatedemployeewithreliableworkhabits.Heoftendoesnotneedguidanceorsupervision,butwillinglyacceptsitwhenoffered.Heisconsistentlysuccessfulinimprovinghisskills,andheworkshardtodoso.Michaelisalwayswillingtopitchintohelptheteam,andhegetsthejobdonerightthefirsttime.Heisefficientinplanning 外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 SampleBody2(Cont.)projects,punctualinmeetingdeadlines,andconscientiouslyadherestocompanystandardsandguidelines.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 ConclusionlYoushouldofferanoverallevaluation.lIndicatehowyouwouldrankthispersoninrelationtoothersintheorganization.lIfyouarestronglysupportive,youmaysummarizethecandidatesbestquality.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 SampleConclusion1Hollyisaninvaluableassettoanytechnicalcommunicationsdepartment,andIhighlyrecommendhiringher.Ifyoudliketodiscussherattributesinmoredetail,pleasedonthesitatetocontactme.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 SampleConclusion2Always,inhiswork,Kayaisconsistent,dedicatedandpassionate,enthusiastic,cheerful,andapleasuretoworkwith.Ihighlyrecommendhimforanypositionofwork,leadership,education,oranyothercapacityinwhichhecanspreadhisexcitementandsharehistalentswithothers.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 WritingyourownletterSincewritingaletterofrecommendationcaneasilyconsume1to2hours,itisnotunusualforabusymanagerorprofessortohandallorpartofthewritingtaskbacktotheindividualmakingarequest.Ifyoufindyourselfcomposingyourownrecommendationkeepinmind:Youhavetwoaudiences,thesignerandtherecipient.Whileyoumustsatisfyboth,外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 Writingyourownletter(Cont.)thesignerismoreimportant.Sotrytowritefromhisorherperspective.lFollowtheletterofrecommendationformatoutlinedabove.lAddressseveralpersonaldimensions.Obviouslyyouwanttoemphasizeyourstrongestpoints,butbeawarethattoomuchattentiontooneortwothingsisoftenperceivedasalackofbreadth.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 Writingyourownletter(Cont.)lBehonestwithyourselfaboutyourstrengthsandweaknesses.Dontletovercompensationforweaknessesdrivewhatyousay.lUnlessaskedtodootherwise,onlydeliveracomplete,polishedversionoftheletteronetheoreticallyreadyforsigning.Ifthesignerneverthelesswishestoaddordeletesomething,accepthisorherchangesgracefully.外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 PracticeBillyBobisnowworkingasaPhilosophyInstructoratNeverlandCommunityCollege.WendyDarling,oneofBillyBobsstudents,isseekingemploymentatalocallibraryandhasaskedBillyBobtowriteheraletterofrecommendation.ActuallyWendyworkedashisTeachingAssistanttwoyearsago.AccordingtoBillyBobsknowledge,外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社 PracticeWendywasnotagoodstudent.Sheoftenarrivedlateforclass.Shewasabsent-mindedduringclasshours,andsheshowednogenuineinterestintheTAjob.Bobtalkedwithherseveraltimes,butthetalkswerenotproductive.Finally,shewasdismissedfromherTAjob.IfyouwereBob,howshouldyouhandlethisletterofrecommendation?