资源描述
Unit 2 Learning about Language
Ⅰ.把下列直接引语变成间接引语
1．“Don't play games in the classroom, ” the monitor said to us.
→The monitor __told__ us __not_to__ play games in the classroom.
2．“Come at five o'clock，”she said to him.
→She __told__ him __to__ come at five o'clock.
3．“Give me another piece of cake, please. ”he said to her.
→He __asked__ her __to__ give him another piece of cake.
4．“Let me stay up a little longer tonight, mother.” he begged.
→He __begged__ his mother __to__ let him stay up a little longer that night.
5．The teacher said, “You should keep on doing it.”
→The teacher suggested I __should_keep__ on doing it.
6．Mother said to her daughter, “Hurry up！”
→Mother __ordered__ her daughter __to__ hurry up.
7．“Let's have supper now. ”he said.
→He __ordered__ us to have supper __then__.
8．He said, “Happy birthday.”
→He __wished__ me a happy birthday.
9．Mary said to Tom, “Please remember to answer that letter as soon as possible.”
→Mary __asked__ Tom __to__ remember to answer that letter as soon as possible.
10．“Don't swim too far，” I said to the boys.
→I __ordered__ the boys __not__ to swim too far.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The boss ordered the workers __to_finish__(finish) it in three days.
解析：句意：老板命令工人三天内完成它。order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事。
2．He regretted __what__ silly mistakes he had made.
解析：考查直接引语变间接引语的用法。直接引语是what引导的感叹句，变为间接引语后还是由what引导。
3．—What did the teacher say?
—He told me not __to_be_late__(late) again.
解析：考查直接引语变间接引语的用法。“告诉某人不要做某事”要用tell sb.not to do sth.结构。
4．The teacher requested us not __to_make__ so much noise.
解析：考查直接引语变间接引语的用法。句意：老师请求我们不要制造那么大的噪音。request sb.not to do sth.请求某人不要做某事。
5．Our teacher asked us not __to_swim__(swim) in deep water.
解析：ask之后可以接含有不定式的复合宾语，把该句变成直接引语即：Our teacher said to us, “Don't swim in deep water.”。
6．The army officer commanded his men __to_fire__(fire) as soon as the enemies came up.
解析：句意：军官命令他的手下等敌人一靠近就开火。command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事。
7．The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not __to__.
解析：由语境可推出后半句直接引语为：but his mother said to him, “Don't ride your bicycle in the street.”因此改为间接引语时应为：but his mother told him not to ride his bicycle in the street，为了避免重复，只保留不定式符号to。
8．Mrs. Smith warned her daughter never __to_drive__(drive) after drinking.
解析：句意：史密斯夫人警告她女儿决不要酒后驾车。warn sb. never to do sth.警告某人决不要做某事。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Some people say global English is no longer just controlled by British or American English, but is running free and developing uniquely local forms. Can you figure out the following terms?
“I like your smile, but unlike you put your shoes on my face.” This is a way of saying “Keep off the grass.” Or “people mountain, people sea”， which means “very crowded”．
These examples are what we call Chinglish. When it comes to Chinglish, if all you know is “good good study, day day up”， you will be considered “out man”．
Nowadays，more Chinglish words have been created; for example, a Chinese idiom is translated as “smilence”， a combination by the English word smile and silence.
Chinglish usually offers a humorous look at misuses of the English language in Chinese street signs, products，and advertising. They are favoured by some English speaking tourists and visitors. Dominic Swire has been living in Beijing for a couple of years. “I think many Chinese people complain about the Chinglish and badly translated English. But you know, sometimes for us foreigners, it's actually quite charming to see them. I think if the translations of English in China were all perfect, then something would be lost from Chinese culture.”
However, Chinglish will probably become a “cultural relic” in the near future. Beijing has made a comprehensive plan to improve foreign language services and correct Chinglish within five years. “It is very ridiculous to see Chinglish on the signs in some scenic spots. And they are a kind of barrier for communication between Chinese and people from other countries，'' a Beijinger said.
Some Chinese university experts side with Chinglish. They argue that English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth，and now it's Chinese's turn.
文章大意：如今，世界英语不单单受美式英语和英式英语的影响，英语词汇和汉语语法的结合出现了越来越多的“中国式英语”。
1．What can we call Chinglish？__C__
A．English words which get new Chinese meanings.
B．The Chinese words which are difficult to translate.
C．The words combining English vocabulary and Chinese grammar.
D．The local words preventing foreigners from learning Chinese well.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二、三、四段所举的例子可以判断中国式英语是由英语词汇按照汉语语法形成的英语。
2．What does “smilence” most probably mean？__A__
A．Saying nothing but to smile.
B．Smiling without being noticed.
C．Laughing at somebody.
D．Knowing little about speech.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段结尾“a combination by the English word smile and silence”可知答案为A项。
3．Who will be called “out man” according to the passage？__A__
A．A person who knows little about Chinglish words.
B．A student who hates learning foreign languages.
C．A tourist who fails to understand local translations.
D．An expert who doesn't support Chinglish at all.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，如今中国式英语很普遍，不知道的话反而落伍了。
4．What is Swire's attitude to Chinglish？__D__
A．It can show the humour of Chinese.
B．It will attract more foreign tourists.
C．It helps him to learn Chinese well.
D．It seems part of Chinese culture.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中Swire说话的内容可知，他认为中国式英语是中国文化的一部分。
5．Chinglish is likely to become a“cultural relic” in Beijing because __D__.
A．it has become a unique bridge between Chinese and English
B．Chinglish is a chance to enrich Chinese and English
C．it improves the understanding between Chinese and foreigners
D．Beijing is determined to get rid of Chinglish signs
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Beijing has made a comprehensive plan to improve foreign language services and correct Chinglish within five years.”可知答案为D项。
Ⅳ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2018·福建省龙岩市非一级达标校第一学期期末)
English has been called one of the most difficult languages for non－native speakers to learn. One reason is that English has so many rules. __1.D__ Sometimes, this leaves learners confused(混淆). For example, the order of words in a sentence can be tricky.
__2.F__ The pronunciation of English words cannot always be judged by their spelling. For example, there are at least six ways to pronounce the group of letters spelled o－u－g－h. And, maybe the worst thing of all is that there are many idioms, or expressions, in English. __3.C__
So, it is comforting to know that learning root words can help a non－native speaker use English. __4.A__ Root words can help you to break down large, new words into smaller units to discover their meanings.
Learning just one root word can help you understand several words in English. __5.G__ Then where can a root be found? A root can be any part of a word that carries meaning: the beginning, middle or end. Prefixes, bases, and suffixes are types of roots. The prefix appears at the beginning of a word, the base in the middle and the suffix at the end.
A．A root word is the most basic form of a word.
B．The English have always been fond of all kinds of rules.
C．You could say we use idioms like they're going out of style.
D．And there are almost as many exceptions(例外)of those rules!
E．Most English root words came from the Greek and Latin languages.
F．Another reason why English is hard to learn is the pronunciation of its words.
G．So, by learning 20 or 30 root words, you can increase your vocabulary to hundreds of more new words.
文章大意：英语被称为非母语学习者最难学的语言之一。原因之一是英语有那么多规则。有几乎同样多的例外。第二个原因是是单词的发音。英语单词的发音不能总是用它们的拼写来判断。学习词根可以帮助记住英语单词和理解单词。
解析：
1．考查对上下文的理解与推理判断能力。根据常识可知英语既有许多规则又有许多的习惯用法(即例外)。故选D(有几乎同样多的例外)。
2．考查对上下文的理解与推理判断能力。根据第二句“The pronunciation of English words cannot always be judged by their spelling”及所举的例子可知，本段说英语发音与拼写的关系。分析选项可知 F项(英语难学的另一个原因是单词的发音)符合题意，而且根据全文来说这也是第二个难学的原因。故选F项。
3．考查对上下文的理解与推理判断能力。根据上一句“And, maybe the worst thing of all is that there are many idioms, or expressions, in English. (最糟糕的是，英语中有很多习语或短语。)”而且有些是过去的东西(过时了)。分析选项可知C项与本段中有词的复现。而且句意符合。
4．考查对上下文的理解与推理判断能力。根据上一句“learning root words can help a non－native speaker use English. 学习词根可以帮助非本族语者使用英语。”及下句“Root words can help you to break down large, new words into smaller units to discover their meanings.”可知词根对英语学习有很大的帮助，是基础。分析选项可知A项(词根是词的最基本形式)符合题意，故选A项。
5．考查对上下文的理解与推理判断能力。根据上句“Learning just one root word can help you understand several words in English”可知只学习一种词根不够的，所以要学多点词根，故G项(所以，通过学习20个或30个词根，你可以增加你的词汇量到上百个新单词)符合题意，故选G项。
Ⅴ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
It was our English teacher's birthday yesterday. Though English is a hard subject, but I like my English teacher a lot, and so are my classmates. She is nice to us and always tells us stories of the days when she was in her twenty. Sometimes she even stayed in school to help students make up their lessons. She always encourages us and tells us do our best. We are gratefully to her, so that day we bought him a cake and a gift. We even made a big card for her, on it we wrote all our names. Seeing these, she was moving and had a big smile in her face.
答案：
It was our English teacher's birthday yesterday. Though English is a hard subject, but I like my English teacher a lot, and so my classmates. She is nice to us and always tells us stories of the days when she was in her . Sometimes she even in school to help students make up their lessons. She always encourages us and tells us do our best. We are to her, so that day we bought a cake and a gift. We even made a big card for her, on we wrote all our names. Seeing these, she was and had a big smile her face.
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