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Pａssage 4 (２0２3年7月试题、20２３年1月试题、形成性考核册 )
Ｔhere ａre adｖａntａｇes aｎd ｄisａdvａntagｅｓ to 1 Ａsｉan aｎd Western edｕcatｉｏｎal ｍetｈods. For exaｍpｌｅ, onｅ ａdvaｎｔage ２ the educaｔioｎ in Japan ｉｓ ｔｈaｔ stｕｄents therｅ ｌeaｒn ｍuch moｒe mａtｈ and sｃiｅnce 3 Ａmｅrｉcan stｕdents． Thｅy also sｔudｙ ｍore hｏurs eａｃｈ day ｔhan Amｅｒicans ４ ． Tｈｅ stuｄy is dｉfｆicult, but it 5 studenｔs for ａ socieｔｙ ｔｈat values disｃｉpline aｎd self－controｌ． There ｉｓ, howeｖｅr， a ｄisaｄvaｎtaｇe． Memorization ｉs an ｉｍportant leaｒning mｅthoｄ in Japaneｓｅ sｃhoｏls, 6 manｙ stuｄents say tｈat afｔｅr ａｎ ｅxam, theｙ fｏrgｅt ｍｕch of tｈｅ ｉｎforｍatｉｏｎ ｔhａｔ ｔhey havｅ memoｒizeＤ.
The ａｄｖaｎtagｅ ｔｏ the educatｉon iｎ North America， ７ ｔhｅ otheｒ hａnd, is thａｔ stuｄentｓ lｅarn to ｔhiｎｋ by themｓeｌｖes. The syｓｔeｍ ｐrepaｒｅs ｔｈｅm for a societｙ ｔhat ｖalues 8 iｄeas． Ｔheｒｅ is, howeｖer, a dｉsadvａntａｇｅ. Wｈeｎ sｔｕdｅntｓ gｒａduate ｆrom hiｇh school, theｙ hａven’t ｍｅmorizｅｄ 9 manｙ baｓｉｃ rules and facts as ｓｔudeｎtｓ ｉn ｏther ｃoｕntｒｉｅs 10 .
１. A. ｏnly B. both Ｃ． all
２. Ａ． fｏr B. as C． to
3. A. ｔｏ B． for Ｃ． than
4. A． dｏ B. haｖe Ｃ. does
5. A. proviｄｅｓ B. gｅtｓ C. pｒepaｒes
6. A． and Ｂ. ｙet C. jusｔ
7. A． ａt Ｂ. oｎ Ｃ. under
８． A. olｄ B． pooｒ C. new
9. A. more Ｂ. ｌｅss C． ａs
10. A． have B. ｄoeｓ Ｃ. havｅn’t
(答案: 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B ８. C 9. C 1０. Ａ ）
Pａｓsage ５ （2０23年1月试题)
Ａ ｓｔudy haｓ ｓｈowｎ that ｆitｎess is tｈe kｅy (１) __＿＿_ long lifｅ, ｉrrespeｃｔive oｆ body shａpe (2) _____ ｅvｅn ｓmokinｇ habｉts． Reｓeａrchｅrs dｉscovｅred that pｅｏple ｗhｏ exercise live ｌｏｎｇer thａn （3)_＿____, eveｎ ｉf ｔｈey ａre oveｒweight aｎd smoke.
The sｔｕdy fｏund thａｔ (4) _＿__＿＿ fit of ｔｈe 6,000 middle-aｇed men in thｅ study werｅ ｆive ｔiｍｅs mｏre ｌｉkeｌy ｔo diｅ within sｉｘ years of thｅ start of the ｒesearｃh than the fittest. Thiｓ wａs tｒue （５)＿__＿__＿the mｅｎ ｈaｄ hｅart ｐrobｌｅmｓ, ｓｍoｋeｄ or ｗeｒe ｏvｅrweight. Sｃieｎｔisｔs cｏncluded that ｉt ｗas beｔter (6)＿______and active thaｎ skinny aｎｄ sedenｔary. Dr Ken ｃoｏｐer， ａ ｆitness ｅxｐeｒｔ, sａid, “ You are bｅｔｔer off smokｉng a ｐａcｋet oｆ cigａrettes a ｄay and exerｃｉｓiｎｇ rｅguｌａrｌy ｔhaｎ (7)＿__＿__＿ a noｎ –smoker and ｓedentarｙ.” Aｌthougｈ ｈｅ aｄｄs, “But ｄon’t mｉsｕnｄeｒsｔand me. Ｉ aｍ noｔ endorsing (8)___＿_, I am trying ｔo tell ｙｏｕ hｏw danｇeroｕｓ iｔ ｉs to bｅ sｅdeｎｔarｙ.”
Ｔhe Bｒitish Goｖeｒnｍent ｉs ｐｕtｔing ｐrｅsｓure （9)_____ ｍanufａcｔurers tｏ reｄuｃe high ｌeｖels of sugａr ｉn fｏod and to resｔｒict the ｈaｒd-ｓell ｏf ｊunk food to chiｌdren in ordｅr ｔo imｐｒove the natｉoｎ’ｓ heａlth． But tｈe ｎew stuｄｙ suggｅｓｔs ｔhe Goｖeｒnｍent ｓhould eｎcouraｇe more people (10)_＿＿＿_．
１. A. for B. oｆ Ｃ. ｔｏ
2． A. oｒ B． ａnd C． but
3. A. these tｈａt ｄo not B． theｓｅ ｗhｏ ｄo nｏt C. thoｓe who ｄo not
４． A． tｈe litｔle B. less C. the least
５． A. iｆ or nｏt B. whetheｒ ｏｒ nｏt C． wheｎ
6． A. to bｅ fat B. being ｆaｔ to Ｃ. doiｎg
7． Ａ. ｂeｉｎg Ｂ. ｂe C. to ｂｅ
8. A． smoｋｅｄ B. to ｓmｏkｅ C. sｍoking
９. A. for B. ｏｎ Ｃ. to
10. A． eｘerｃiseｄ B. eｘeｒcising C. ｔo eｘｅrcise
(答案１． C 2. A ３. C 4. Ｃ ５. B 6. A 7. A 8. C ９. B 1０. Ｃ ）
Paｓsage 6 （202３年7月试题)
Morｅ and more peｏｐle (１) ___＿ to insｔalｌ burglar alaｒms iｎ thｅｉr housｅs if theｙ ｗant ｔｏ ｇｅｔ ｉnｓuranｃｅ. Ｉnsuranｃe coｍpanｉes (2) _＿_＿ peoplｅ in cｅrtain areas ｔo iｎstall tｈe ａlarms befｏｒe thｅｙ wiｌｌ ｇｉｖe them inｓuraｎce fｏr the fasｔ year． Tｈiｓ is (3） ___＿ to iｎｃreasing crｉme iｎ sｏme pａrts ｏf tｈe ｃouｎｔｒy. Thｉｓ can ｂe a problem for ｐｅoｐｌe (４） ＿＿_＿ ａｒｅ ｓtruｇgｌing to ｍakｅ (5) ___＿ ｅｎｄs ｍeeｔ． The alarｍｓ, (6) ＿___ caｎ bｅ veｒy ｅxpｅnｓiｖe, need ｔo be instaｌｌeｄ ｂy an eleｃtrician. It is (7) ＿____ that 20% ｏf homeｓ hａve ａｌarmｓ instａlled, ａnd that anoｔher ２0% of peｏple ｐlan (８) _____ but ｈａｖｅ noｔ ｉｎstaｌlｅd tｈem (9) _____. Thｅ ｉnｓuraｎce cｏmpanｉeｓ ｔold pｅople (10) ＿＿___ thｅ ａlarms ｏn all dooｒs aｎd ｗｉndows.
1. A. has B. ｈaｄ C. haｖｅ
2． A. haｖe been aｓkeｄ Ｂ. hａvｅ been asking Ｃ． ａskｅｄ
3. A. due Ｂ. because of C. ｂecａuｓe
4． Ａ． whicｈ Ｂ. who C. what
5. A． tｈe B． aｌｌ C. – （ 不填)
6. Ａ． ｗhiｃh B. who C. that
7. A. estimaｔｅ B. ｅstiｍaｔing C. estiｍａted
８. A． ｔo ｈave them iｎｓtalling Ｂ. to have ｔｈem ｉnstalｌｅｄ Ｃ. ｔo havｅ beｅn ｉnstallinｇ them
9. A. still B. alreaｄｙ C. yet
10. A． tｏ iｎstalｌ B． instalｌed C. inｓtaｌｌiｎg
（答案：1. C ２. B ３. A 4. Ｂ 5． C 6. A 7. Ｃ ８． B 9． C １0． A)
Passage 7 (２023年１月试题）
Traffic in India means a mｉｘtｕre of ａll kinds of ｖｅhiclｅs oｎ ｔhe rｏaD. About 700,000 new cars
(1) ｉｎ India in thｅ lasｔ tｗｅｌve mｏnths, anｄ aboｕｔ ｔwiｃe thａｔ maｎｙ ｕｓed cars haｖe ｂeen tradeＤ.
The cｏｕntrｙ's ３5 milｌｉon moｔorcycｌes anｄ scooｔｅrs maｋe it the worｌｄ's largｅst twｏ-whｅｅｌ markｅｔ. But beｃaｕse ｔheｒe aｒｅ sｔilｌ big dｉfｆｅrences (2)___＿_＿＿＿___＿_ ｐeople's ｉncoｍes, the roａds are fｕll ｏｆ a whｏle vａrietｙ of (3) ， lｏtｓ of tｈem noｔ mｏtoｒizｅD.
A ridｅ （4) a ｔaxi drｉｖer ｉn Nｅw Delhi giveｓ a ｆｌａvｏr of ａ ｔypicａl Ｉndｉaｎ-stylｅ trａffiｃ ｗith all kｉnds of ｖehiｃｌｅ hｅlｄ ｕp ｉn ciｔｙ streｅts or ｉn lｏng lineｓ (5)__＿_______＿ ｎarｒoｗ coｕntry lａnes. Ｃarｓ， ｌorrｉes anｄ ｂuses back up beｈind ａ caｒt (６） bｙ ｏne aｎimal or anoｔhｅr. "Ｉndia hａｓ everｙthｉng ｏn the roads," thｅ tａxi drivｅr sａys． "You ｈaｖe to (7） ｆor pedestrians, bicyｃles, carｔs, cowｓ, donkｅys ａnd even ｅlephants. Ｔｈree tｈiｎgs （8) to ｄriｖe ｈere, a horn, brakｅs ａｎd good lucｋ." Juｓｔ ｔhｅn we were sｔopped (9) a yｏung bｏｙ aｎｄ his cｏw．
Ｇiｖeｎ the ｈａｚardｓ, ｉt＇ｓ not surpriｓing （10) specｉａl cｅreｍonies aｒe ｈelｄ foｒ nｅw cａr owners iｎ whiｃｈ the steｅｒｉｎg wｈeｅｌ and ｔhｅ driver are botｈ bleｓsｅD．
1． A. havｅ been sｏｌd B． ｈavｅ sold C. haｖｅ ｂeen ｓｅｌlｉnｇ D. ｈaｄ ｂeｅｎ sold
2． A. oｆ Ｂ. over C. bｅtweｅn D. ｉn
3. Ａ. ｃars B． vｅhｉｃles Ｃ. biｋｅs D. ｍｏtｏrcｙｃles
4. A. ｗithｉn B. aｆter C． ｗith D． in
5. A． ｉn B. on C． at D. aｂoｖe
6． A. pulled B． pulling C. to pulｌ Ｄ. puｌl
7． Ａ. ｗaｉｔ B. ｓearch C． watch out D. lisｔen out
8. A. weｒe recommｅndｅd Ｂ. ｔo ｂe ｒecommendeｄ Ｃ. ｔｏ recommeｎd D． ａｒe recoｍmended
9. A. with Ｂ． by C． to D. afｔeｒ
10. Ａ. what B． why Ｃ. when D. tｈaｔ
（Passage 5 答案：1. A 2． D 3. B 4． C 5． Ｂ 6. A ７. C ８. D ９． B 10. D）
Pａssａge 8 (20２３年7月试题)
A study (21) ______＿＿_____ thａt ｆitness is ｔhe ｋｅy （22) ______ long ｌｉｆe, irrespective of ｂｏdｙ shapｅ or even smoking habitｓ. Rｅｓｅarcｈeｒs discｏvered that people (23) ___＿＿____ exerｃise live longeｒ ｔhan those wｈｏ ｄｏ ｎot, （24） __＿___＿＿__ theｙ are ｏveｒweｉght ａnｄ smｏkｅ.
Thｅ stuｄy fouｎｄ ｔhａt the leａst fit of tｈe 6，000 mｉddle－aged mｅn in the study wｅｒe fｉvｅ tｉmes (25) _____＿＿_____＿ ｔo ｄｉe wiｔhiｎ sｉx ｙｅars of the stａrt of the rｅｓｅａrｃｈ than tｈｅ fittｅst． This waｓ ｔruｅ wheｔｈer or ｎot ｔhｅ meｎ had hearｔ ｐroｂlems, ｓmokｅd or (26) _＿__＿_ overwｅighｔ. Ｓciｅｎtiｓtｓ concｌｕdｅｄ that iｔ wａs ｂettｅr to ｂe fat and activｅ thａｎ skinny ａnｄ sedｅｎtaｒy. Ｄr Ｋen Cｏoｐｅｒ, ａ fitnesｓ ｅxｐert， ｓaid, ＂Yoｕ are beｔteｒ off smoｋing ａ pａcket ｏｆ cigaｒetｔeｓ a ｄay and (２7) ＿_＿____＿＿_ ｒegulａrlｙ ｔｈａn beｉｎg a noｎ-smokｅｒ anｄ ｓedｅnｔary．＂ Althoｕgh he adｄs， " Buｔ don't miｓunｄeｒstanｄ ｍe. Ｉ am not eｎdorｓing smoking. I am tryｉnｇ to tｅlｌ you hｏw daｎgerous iｔ is to ｂｅ seｄentａｒy."
(28) ___＿_＿__, tｈe study aｐpeａrｓ tｏ ｆly ｉn the faｃe of rｅｓearch ｌast yｅaｒ which coｎｃluｄed thaｔ ｍore than 30,000 peoｐle diｅ prｅｍaturｅｌy ｅvery yｅar iｎ Britａin from ｉlｌnesses ｃauｓed by beiｎg ｏverweｉｇht.
The Britisｈ Goｖｅrｎmｅｎｔ ｉs ｐｕttiｎｇ pressuｒｅ on manufaｃｔｕrｅrs (29） _____＿＿_____ hｉgh levelｓ ｏf sugar in ｆood and tｏ resｔriｃt ｔhe haｒd-sell of junk ｆｏod ｔo chｉldren in ordｅｒ to improve the natiｏn's heａlth. Buｔ tｈe neｗ stｕdｙ ｓuｇgesｔs ｔhe Ｇoｖernment (3０) _＿＿_______ more people ｔｏ exeｒcisｅ.
２1. A) sｈowing B） shoｗ C） has shown Ｄ) hａd ｓhown
22. A） ｔo B) ｆor Ｃ) of Ｄ) ｉn
2３. A) –(不填) Ｂ) wｈｉch C) wｈom D) whｏ
24. Ａ) if B） uｎｌｅsｓ C) eｖen if D） beｃause
2５. A) ｌike B) lｉｋeｌy D) leｓｓ liｋeｌy D） ｍore likely
26． A) ｗas Ｂ) were C) is D) ａre
２7. Ａ) to exerciｓe Ｂ） eｘercｉsｉng C) ｅｘerｃisｅ D) exｅrcised
２8. A） However B） So C） Alｔhougｈ Ｄ) Fｕrtheｒmoｒe
29. Ａ) ｒeduce B） ｒｅdｕcinｇ C) to reduce D) reduceｄ
3０． A) encourageｄ B) ｅnｃouraging Ｃ) ｔo enｃouraｇe D） ｅnｃoｕrａgｅ
(答案： 21. C 22. A ２3． D 24. Ｃ ２5. Ｄ 26． B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. Ｄ)
Pａssaｇe ９ （2023年1月试题)
Ｃｈｉｎese leaｒners of Eｎglisｈ oftｅn say ｔｈat ｔhey picｋ up ａ ｌoｔ of uｓｅful listeｎing prａctice by tuning iｎ to VＯA (Voicｅ ｏf Ａmeｒiｃａ) ａｎd the BBC. （１） _______, ｉf ｔｈey don't havｅ a ｓhort waｖe raｄiｏ, ｔhen they ｃａnnｏt receiｖe ｔhｅse ｎew worｋs．
Ｍany Chiｎesｅ studentｓ tｈat Ｉ haｖe met say that, (2)＿＿_____, they prefer VOA ｂｅcause thｅy are moｒe used to Amerｉｃan Englｉsh. Thｉｓ may bｅ ｓｏ, (3) ＿___＿＿_I ｔhink thａｔ ｗhat they realｌy lｉke is ｔhe ｆacｔ tｈat Ａmericaｎ ｎewsreaders reaｄ moｒｅ slowｌｙ (4）＿＿＿_____ Ａｍericans (５) _＿_＿_＿_ｓpeak morｅ slowly. (6) _______, manｙ Ｃhｉｎese acｔually finｄ tｈe coｎtｅｎｔ of ｔｈe neｗs ｆrom tｈｅ ＢBC moｒe ｉnformaｔive beｃaｕsｅ ｉt trｉes tｏ deaｌ wｉth ｗoｒｌd ｉssuｅs ratｈｅr thａn mａiｎｌy Ａmeｒican ｉｓsues. (7) _______， iｎ quite receｎt tiｍｅs, Jimｍy Cａrteｒ, tｈe former Aｍericａn president, was on ａｎ imｐortant ｖisit tｏ Norｔh Ｋoreａ (8) ___＿___ ｔrｙ aｎd pｅrsuａde tｈe North Korｅaｎ Preｓidｅｎt tｏ alｌow investｉgaｔｉｏn oｆ thｅ country＇s ｎuclｅａr resourceｓ． This was a major ｎｅws story woｒlｄｗide,（9） ＿____＿_ , tｈe world was hoｌｄｉｎg ｉts ｂｒeatｈ ｆor a whoｌｅ weｅk. (1０) _______, ｗｈile ｆills conferencｅ waｓ goiｎg on iｎ Pyonyanｇ, a ｆaｍｏus Amｅｒican ｆｏotball ｐｌａyer ａｎｄ film sｔar， Ｏ. J. Ｓimpson, wａｓ aｃｃｕseｄ ｏf kilｌiｎｇ ｈis wifｅ． For liｔeraｌｌy ｄays, thｅ heaｄlines on ＶOA deａlt with thｅ Ｏ． J． Ｓimｐsoｎ ｓtｏｒy anｄ internatｉonal neｗs tｏｏｋ a ｂack ｓeａt．
1. A． Hｏweｖer B． Ｔｈerefｏre C. In additiｏn
2. Ａ. whatｅver B. rather Ｃ. in fａct
３. A. ｕnlｅsｓ Ｂ. but C. nｅｖer
4． A． at fiｒsｔ B． ｂecaｕse Ｃ. insｔeａd
5. A． even B. whereveｒ C. generaｌlｙ
6. Ａ. Nｅｖerthelｅss B． Sｅldom C. Somehｏw
7. A. Fｏｒ ｅxａmplｅ Ｂ． Fｏr thiｓ ｒeason C. Fｏｒever
8. A. ａs fｏｒ Ｂ. ｏn tｈe whole Ｃ. in ｏrdeｒ ｔｏ
9. Ａ. ｏf ｃｏurse B. ｉndｅed Ｃ. as if
10. A. Tｈeｎ B． When C. Ｗhenevｅr
答案: 1． A ２. C 3. B 4. B 5. Ｃ 6. A 7. Ａ 8. C 9. B １0. A
Pａｓsage 12 (20２3年7月)
Ｂｉｌl was oｎ ｈolｉday ａnｄ he waｓ very wｏrried (1） ｈis twｏ tｅenａge chiｌdren (2) were at home alｏne. Ｈｉs nｅighbor, Jim, phoｎｅd him to say that the chilｄren (3) a paｒｔy , and he was veｒy aｎgｒy (４) ｉt. Ｗhen he ｗent ｔo complａiｎ about ｔhｅ nｏｉse, he ｗaｓ ｖｅry (5） at ｔheｉr aｔｔitude． They saｉd they ｗeren’t ｒesｐｏｎsible （6） ｔｈe nｏise, aｎd tｈｅｙ cｏｕlｄｎ’t ｄｏ (7)____ to ｓtop their fｒienD．
Bill ｗａs appａlleｄ ｂy this call ａnd ｄecided tｏ phｏｎe (８） ｃhｉｌdｒen at oｎce. Tｈe cｈildren said they weｒe very soｒry aboｕｔ tｈe paｒty ， (9) they wｅｒe ｕpseｔ bｙ tｈeｉr frieｎｄs’ ｂehavｉor． Ｔｈeｙ ａｇreｅd to go and see Jiｍ aｎd to taｋe him a bottle of wiｎe and ａpoloｇize ａbouｔ ｔhe noise, ｂill was pleａse (1０) tｈｅｍ ｆｏr tｈiｓ.
1.A. witｈ B. aｂout C. fｏr D. tｏ
2.A． ｗho B． ｗhicｈ C. what D. ｔｈey
3.A. ｈad Ｂ. havｅ ｈａｄ C. would havｅ D. had haｄ
4．A. for B. ｗith C. to D. aｂｏut
5．A. ｓurｐｒisｅ B. ｓurprisiｎｇ C. sｕrpriseｄ D． ｓurｐｒｉsｅs
６. A. for B． ｔｏ Ｃ. ｗｉth Ｄ． oｎ
7.A. ｓｏmething B. nｏｔｈｉnｇ C． anytｈing D. everythiｎg
8．A. tｈeiｒ B. hｅｒ C． his Ｄ． hers
9.A． but B. aｎd C. for D. so
10.A. for Ｂ. to C． aｂout Ｄ. wｉth
答案：1.B 2. A 3.Ｄ 4. Ｄ 5．C 6. A 7. C 8. C ９． Ｂ 10． Ｄ
Passagｅ 13 （形成性考核册）
Ｍoｓt workeｒs ｓpｅnd ｅｉgｈt ｈours on tｈe job a daｙ on (1) Thｅy woｒk becａuse thｅy need mｏnｅy ｆor nｅcｅssiｔiｅs. Ｔhey spend about on ｔhirｄ ｏf theｉr liveｓ at work, bｕt ｈａte it. By contｒａst， some peoｐle actｕally （2) wｏｒk. Ｔheｙ speｎｄ (3) ｈours ｏn the jｏb ｅach ｗeeｋ and ｏften take woｒk ｈome wiｔh them. Ｔｈｅy arｅ calleｄ “ｗorkａholics (工作狂) “ as tｈｅｙ are aｄdicted tｏ tｈｅir ｊob as oｔher ｐeoｐle ａrｅ （4) alｃohol.
Wｏｒｋaholics would (5） work ｔhａn dｏ anyｔｈiｎg ｅｌsｅ and tｈｉs ｃan be moｓt impoｒtａnt to theiｒ lifｅ. Woｒｋaholｉcs aｒe oｆten (６） strｅss. Tｈeｙ can’t relaｘ and feeｌ tense. (7) ｔhｅy may easｉly lｏse temｐer. Theｉｒ work ｔｈerefｏre hａs serious ｉｍpact oｎ ｔheir ｒｅlａtionｓｈips and famｉly lｉfe. Ｔypiｃａl workaｈｏlｉcs paｙ litｔle ａttentiｏn ｔo fａmｉlieｓ. They sｐｅnd (8） time wｉｔｈ theｉr ｃhildｒen and tｈeｉr marriａgｅs ｍay (9） in diｖorce. Theｉr inability to relaｘ maｙ cause (1０) probｌems, suｃh as hｉｇｈ ｂｌood pressurｅ．
1.A． weｅkｅnｄs B． ｗoｒｋdaｙs C. eａch work D. everｙday
２.Ａ. hａte B. ｅｎjoｙ C. dｏ D. dislｉｋe
3.A． ｅｘtｒａ B. ｒａther C. lｅｓｓ D. ｆｅweｒ
４．Ａ. foｒ Ｂ． like C. to D. inｔo
5.A. bｅttｅｒ B. ｌike to C. dｏ D． rather
6. A. oｎ B． under C. iｎ D. ｆor
7.A． Aｓ ａ ｍatter of ｆａct B. Aｓ ａ resuｌt C． As iｔ ｉs Ｄ. Aｓ yｏu cａn fｉnd
８.A.
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