2023年职称英语考试真题及答案理工类.doc

2023年全国职称英语考试真题及答案理工类（级) 第1部分:词汇选项(第115题,每题分,共15分) 下面每个句子中均有个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为靠近旳选项。 1I cant pu up wt y ghbrs noiseay lger,itS dvn e ma .tolerate B.nerateC.reuce D.mensur 2Rgula isitsfroma social rerca be of imense value to ld ople liig lone. Aqlimmiate Cdere D.great .Hea ratr vgue aout the reasonshye nvernshed scool A.bright B.unerC.general D.ad .Iwn opovid boys wt a ecet eduaton. A.sciaB.prvate C.genera D.goo 5leep sairsn presnpariula hzardto older epl Apture B.dangr.evide D.cae6Our arngemenswe thron into comlet urmo A.ubt .rief C.failue nfuson 7Prica stared ahe oer grlsith rsentmet Alove B.urprise C.nger doubt 8.Yourdog nedsat east 20 mnutes o rousxercise eer day. A.energtic ee Cpysal regular ejoyed tpayithad cvr pot and vry unn dialouesA.ring Borgina .hmoou Dlon10.oer taxe would sr invsment adhep ecom growh. .attact B.spen encourag D.reuire1.edemohed my arguenimintes. A.suppore B.iprovd CdisputDaccped1The two ank have annoced planso mrg tyar. AcloeB.sellreak Dcomb 13He father as aquiet n withgcefu annr Apolite B.usualCbadsimiar 14.Te pje equred te ears of diligent eearch.Ahardwrkng Bscil Cbasi Dscienii5e as ep n appalling conditins inrison A.necessay Berileriticl D.norm 第2部分：阅读判断(第122题,每题1分，共7分) 下面旳短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文旳内容对每个句子做出判断:假如该句提供旳是对旳信息,请选择；假如该句提供旳是错误信息，请选择;假如该句旳信息文中没有提及，请选择C。Clifornia isGeen Light to Sa Sol wr Energy bamed down frompc is ne sepcloseoality，now that California hasgiven the gree lgh o an arent that would see te ific Gs Eectric omnbuy 200 egawatt （兆瓦)o owe bamd dwn frm solar-pow satelltesbeginnig in 023.But soe major cal lene ill have o be overcome ifthetcogy is t be used widey A startup ompan ale Slarn i desnin the satellts，whic t a will use radi wveto eam energydow to a reeivig tatioo Ear. Th araction f colectg slar poer in s s the lst uninterruptedsunshie avable n onchroo(与地球同步旳)orbt.arthbse slr cels,by cntras,a on collec s. Lihdungatime nd when kere clear. But spaebase soar powe mu graple(努力克服)w the hi cstper kilram of launchng thigs it pe，saysichard Schwartz of Purd niversitinWest Lafaett，India， f you tlkin aboutit being conomically vableo power of the arth，its a touggo.esaysalBoemn,Sares director of enry seice,aystecompany desged ssaltes witha view t eepinlaunch cost dow.W we ad to oe upwith a diffrent，revolu-tioaesin,h saysA aen te coany ha wonescribes atoruce t sytemSwegt,icludig ung flabe minrstfocus ngt o solar cells,so sale nubecanollect the ae amount ofey.Btung mno itrouceother chaeng，iung eeping hesola cell fro oehe-tig,sayschwartz.Yu haeo tke reofheatdissipo(散发）beauseyore now oncenrain a oof ergy inonelae，h sys.Accorg to thopays patent,olrns solarcelswil oetd o radiats tohelpkeep thm co. Touhrman saysthe cmany believs it can mespae-bas olar pow ork，it i otextin o rowd out other orsof reabl enerLasin alifoni and othe statesrequricrasin use ofenewbengyin cmi ear,he pontsout.omee tos eeds，re o- to need l types f renewable enrgysoures,he says. 16Sola-poer steles will use rai wstobe eng downro sa A.Rigt BWron C.Not entione1Solarenisgigto design 00 ola-owsatel Aigt B.rongCNt mentioned 1.Sacased olar ellscouldcolle solarowe only when skieare clear ARightBWongNot entiod19One aanta of spac-baedsolar wer sysmis that it s ecnomcal. .Right B.Wro .Not mentod 2nfltableinrs areusdto rduethspacebased sola powersystem. A.Righ BWro .otmentiond2.Spae-ased slar power llrule u thr frs o reewble egy surce. ARight BWrng Not enioned 2Many cuie will rn prmission for th e ofspacd-based lapoerson .Rh BWro C.ot ntioned 第3部分:概括大意与完毕句子(第233题，每题1分，共8分) 下面旳短文后有2项测试任务： （1)第236题规定从所给旳6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题； (2）第730题规定从所给旳个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 tura as 1 Ntura gs isprucd meserors depbeneat he athsurfaIt s fossilfuel (矿物质燃料)，eingha it erived from orancmterial buridinhe eart milins yeasago.The ai compoent f ar gasis methae(甲烷). urityn ue of ea natra gas a icrese maticall oer he ast 5 yearsas ppeine infasrcue(基础设施）has ben instaled to eliver itcoenientlyand economicaly to mllions of riental，omrci and inustria csomes worldide.Today，ntral gs serviceis ailable in al 50 tae in th ,a s te leadig enegy coice or ueling meicnhome ndistries。More than 65 millio Ameicanom us aural gasIfact,natural gas ith most economical oueohome er neds，cotinon-tird a muc as elecriit.Inddi-t t heaioe,much of h gas usednthUte Satesiuse a raw material o anufacture a wide variey of pocts，rom paint，to ibes forclothig，t pscs fo eahhcare，con-utngandrshins.Ntural a is als u ia igifant numbe f n eletrity-enerating power pans 3 Nat ga i ne of the safest nd eaest uelsavilbl.t eits lesplluion tanoh-e fossl fuel sorcsWhen naturalgas s bed，itprucs mstl crbondoxide（二氧化碳） andwter vaporesesstancsemitted wen humn ehle.Compardith m ohr fsuel，naturl as emit the est amont of arbon e no the a hn mbusted(燃烧），makngnaul gas he ceaet burnng fssl fue o a1 4 Te nte ts cnues abutoehidf he woldS natal asouput，makng t larest gasconsungregon e wl.The U.S.Deartment f EnrgyS EnergyInfomtnAd-ministrain foreststhatnaturl gas ed wil gr by ore thn0 pecent by2025. There are huge rsevesof naural ga eneth te erhssurfaTh largest resres of atural ga n b foundi Rsia，estadNot Africa and te Middle East.LN(液化天然气)hs een prced dometicallyndimported inth Untedtsformoe than ur decdes oday，t leadingiportes of LG ar apan，ora,Fane nSpin 2.Paraph 2_ 2.Pagr 3_ 5Paragraph _ 26.Prrph 5_.A.Populrityanduse of naualgs B.Natral gas rsevesand suppy Catural gs pces .Clean fue ohoc EDiadantage of natura g F.Natralgas conumton 7.Nura gas is str dep_ 28.Nualgs i recognized as the ms conomia nrgy sorce_.29.Whenmanufacturing manypdcs，pple cmmnl use nal gas_ 30.It is etimated that by 2025that natural gas demand in theUned Staswill inrease_. Aove the past 50 years Bbeetthe earh surf by ore han 0pecetD.for more hnfou deades E.asa raw materal .r home nergy need 第部分:阅读理解(第35题，每题分,共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇 owthFist tars in he Unive Cm ino Exstence H th fst starsfrmd f thidus a gas as be a burn queton fo yers，ua st-he-at omputersiulaion now offste most detaild pictueyof howthese first starsin te uersecame inxistce,reaches saTe compositionofhe eary uerse was quite iffere fomthat ofoday,and theyscs tatgoernd theearyuniver werelso mewhat simpler.Naoki Yoshia ad collagus inJapn adhe U.iorporated heseonditinf he arly nivese，someties referd to te cosmic r aes,t imulate h frmton of atronomiaobct tat ol evenua hie its light ito hi daness. he rlt a detailed diptin of the ormatn of protostarthe earl stge ofa massive primorda sr of our univers,nd th resercherscompusimltin,which hs een caled cosmc Roseta Stoesetsthe bar for further invstigatio into the starormati procss.Te qstin o hw he ist sar evoved s so portant because their forat and enalxplo-sion rovidedthe sees for ubseqstar to come ino beng. According tothi mlatio,grty actd on minue dety variationsin matter,gae，andthe ouda materof te unverse after t ig an ioero frmthi arystge ofa sta-aprotostar witha mass of just oe percent frsunTh siuation reveas how pe-stll gasesould hae allyelved unde the mlerphyscof hearly unirseto form thsprotosa DYoshidas slation lsoos ta the prtoar ol lkelyvolve a massve starcapbof ynteizinghvy lemnts,nojt natergeneatons ofsars,usooafter heg Bang Thisenal icur of star fomtion，and tabiliy to cmpae how stellarojet form ndiffrent time eridsand regiof th nivese,willvenualy alow ivestgtointo te oigisof le an plants，said arerquit,a Pofessr o Army at Harvard Univsty an a coauto o this latet rportTheabuanc f elements i th iveseas inceasd as starshaveccumulat,heay,andte formaionnd esrctio o stars contnueso spread thes ele mentfrthe across the univeseSo whn yu tink abo ia1 ofth ementsnourodies orignllyfomd rom nuclear reacinsin the centers ostars，logag heismulatio f the birh f protostar inte eary nivesesigiies akey steptoward teamitiousoal opeing together th ormati of an entrprimoa star nd of rdting masand prperts of thes fir stars teunivers.More oweful comur,mr phica dat,adaneve largerngewl beeeed fr furtr calclton a simultios，bt these rseachers hpe to eventull te this mulato t the pint f ucer rtin itiatowh stell o. jectbecoms a tue tr.Doshdhas ten e sudy o prmodial str format to a nw ee h tisiulatin,but ill et usnly o he hfwy poin towards final goal i like linhe fndtn of askscrae,sid Volke Bom，ssisan Poessr o stonoy atth Universi Tex as，Autin and theautor f acompano articlee mus cninue or studiesn tis are to undertand how hinitial i tost gros,lye by lay,to evetully fom amasvsrBuhere,the physcs beome muh more comcatd and eveno omutatil eourcere need. 31Accordng to the first tw argraphs,the early unere_.Awas overnd y simpr phsis B.gtfwer starshnnin in t C.startedver13 bllionyeas goDwas copoin waysmlar tothtof tday32W ctestate-o-hrt cmper simulaion tell s at? A.H heBig angoccurred b 13billion years aoB.Howcosmic rk gcam nto exitence. CH dut grai an gases wreormd afe the Big Bang .Hw the frst stars cane ino bng aer te Big Bang 3Wat des tetronomical objct prraph 2 rr to? Acosmc dar ages B.dus gi and gaes C.aroost. D.t earl uivr.34ccodng t pragah 4，what s NOT ue abot apoost? AIdeveld into massive ta durihe ig Bng B.t evolv rompre-stel gs CIt as ble to inegrae hevyeents wen evolvng itmassive sta. D.I had ma of ne ercnt o th un. 35Accodn t thlt araraph,allo te ollowig are goal ofthe simulatonprojet EXE Ao knw moeaut te aa popets f the firstas f the iver B.t simulae the prossof how the aly unrse baCo appl te muato to thestudy of nuler reactioniniatin t disoeh truh aot heformatin o prta 第二篇The Iceman O Setemer,day 1991,w Grmans re mbing te mountain betee Austrand Ia. 1yHigh up on a muntan ps，they foud theb of an lg on the ic.Atthateigt（10,499 ee, ,20 meers),he ic i uullpermnnt，ut 1991had been an esecialy armyearT mntain ic ha met more than iut usl n so the hadometo tsufactwalying faownward.The seleton（骨架）was rfect cndtio exp oun on te headremans of some clohe. hnwre l hong theode halof an ax an n e feeee wersmpe lather ad clt bootsNeabywas apar of lovs made oftre bark(树皮)and a hod for rows.Wh washe a?Ho and enhad hdied?verybody had a dfferntanstothes stinSomepopl though thait as from this centu,erhaps the y f a solir who iedin orlar I,inceveralsodiers hd aredbe foui th araA Sisswomanwho believ it might be hr thr,who hd dedin thoemountswnty yeas befoe an whse dy hadnever ben foundTsienish ushd tolook ahebo thought it was robalmucolde,mye eve a thousandyarold.Withmodm ating tecnique，hcienits leared ta icemn was abot 5，30yearsold.Bon in bot 300 B.,he v durnghe Brnze Age in Europe.At firt sientsts thought he ws probably a huntrho had ed froman aciden i e hghountin.Morrcent eidence，hover，tells diffeentstoryA nw ind ofX-a shows aroweadtilsuck inhi shouder.tlet onla tiny hol in his skin，ut icaued inernal daageand bein.He almost certainly ded from this ond,adntfom te wound ilte back o hi edThismeans t he wa probbly i se ind f battle.It maye bee