(英语)中考英语英语阅读理解汇编试题(有答案和解析).pdf

（英语）中考英语英语阅读理解汇编试题（英语）中考英语英语阅读理解汇编试题(有答案和解析有答案和解析)一、中考英语阅读理解汇编一、中考英语阅读理解汇编1阅读理解 Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history?Many people would say:Confucius（孔子）.September 28is his birthday.He was born over 2,000 years ago,but people still remember himon this day.Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu,part of todays Shandong Province.He livedduring the Spring and Autumn Period.His childhood was sad.His father died when he was only 3and he had to work to help his mother.But young Confucius didnt give up studying.He visitedmany famous teachers and learned music,history,poetry and sports.Later,he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history.At that timeonly children from rich families could go to school,but Confucius believed everyone should go toschool if they wanted to learn.He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.Today,people still follow Confucius lessons.He told us that everyone has something worthy tobe learned.When I am with three people,one of them must be better than me in some areas.Iselect their good qualities and follow them.I take their bad qualities and change them in myself.He also taught us,All study but no thinking makes people puzzled（困惑的）.All thinking butno study makes people lazy.Confucius is not only a great teacher,but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about theworld and society.His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners.A kindperson should care for others.Be strict with yourself,but he kind to others,he said.（1）Confucius started the first public school so that.A.he could find himself a job as a teacherB.children could learn at school rather than at homeC.he could be the first teacher in Chinese historyD.children from poor families could go to school as well（2）Confucius not only gave lessons but also.A.encouraged people to be strictB.provided students with puzzlesC.advised people to behave wellD.taught students how to make friends（3）What can we learn from Confucius according to the passage?A.Thinking is very important in study.B.We can learn everything from others.C.We should always care for ourselves.D.Learning music and sports is popular.（4）Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A.Confucius teaching methodsB.A great man with a hard childhoodC.A person who changed Chinese historyD.Confucius-a great teacher and thinker【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文介绍了孔子，他不仅是一位伟大的老师，也是一位著名的思想家，他对世界和社会有着明智的思考。（1）推理题。根据 he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinesehistory.At that time only children from rich families could go to school,but Confuciusbelieved everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn.He had about 3,000students in his lifetime.他成为一名教师，并开办了中国历史上第一所公立学校。那时只有富裕家庭的孩子才能上学，但是孔子认为如果每个人都想学习，就应该去上学。他一生大约有 3000 名学生 可知孔子开办了第一所公立学校使得贫困家庭的孩子也可以上学，故选D。（2）推理题。根据 Confucius is not only a great teacher,but also a famous thinker with wisethoughts about the world and society.His most important teachings are about kindness and goodmanners.A kind person should care for others.Be strict with yourself,but he kind to others,hesaid.孔子不仅是一位伟大的老师，也是一位著名的思想家，他对世界和社会有着明智的思考。他最重要的教导是关于善良和礼貌。“一个善良的人应该关心别人。对自己要求严格，但他对别人很好，”他说。可知孔子不仅上课，而且建议人们表现良好，故选C。（3）推理题。根据 He also taught us,All study but no thinking makes people puzzled（困惑的）.All thinking but no study makes people lazy.他还教导我们，“只学习不思考让人迷惑（困惑的）。只思考不学习会让人变懒。”可知思考在学习中非常重要，故选A。（4）主旨题。根据本文介绍了孔子，他不仅是一位伟大的老师，也是一位著名的思想家，他对世界和社会有着明智的思考可知 Confucius-a great teacher and thinker 适合做标题，故选 D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题和主旨，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2阅读理解 This is the school timetable of Class One,Grade Three,Sunshine School on Monday.8:00-10:00am10:00-11;00am11:00-11:45Painting Students learn how to use watercolors properly.If the weather is good,thelesson may take place outdoors.Drama During this lesson,students will have the chance to act out roles with otherstudents.TechnologyIn this lesson,students learn how to surf the Internet safely andeffectively.ampmLUNCH1:00-2:00 Science（Biology or chemistry）Students can choose which class to attend.Inbiology this week,students will learn about the bones in humans.In chemistry,thesubject is How explosions happen.2:00-3:45 SPORTSpm2:00 pm Theory（理论）Students learn about the skills used in a certain sport.We see realaction from past games on videos.3:00 pm Practice Students will play a short match lasting 45 minutes.This week,the sportsare soccer（the boys）and volleyball（for girls）.HomeworkTechnology -the teacher will give students websites to look up（about 20 minutes）Drama -students have to learn a part for the next lesson（30-60 minutes）Biology/chemistry -students have to write a report of the lesson（about 40 minutes）（1）What time does the drama lesson begin?A.At 8:00 am.B.At 10:00 am.C.At 1:00 pm.D.At 2:00 pm.（2）How long does the science homework take?A.At least 90 minutes.B.About 20 minutes.C.More than 60 minutes.D.About 40 minutes.（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the timetable?A.Students always take their painting lessons outsides.B.Boy students will play a short soccer match this week.C.Students will use skills in real games in the theory lesson.D.Students learn how to fix computers in the technology lesson.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍阳光学校三年级一班的周一上课时间表。（1）细节理解题。根据10:00-11;00 am：Drama During this lesson,students will have thechance to act out roles with other students.可知戏剧在这节课将在上午10：00 开始，故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据 Science（Biology or chemistry）Students have to write a report ofthe lesson（about 40 minutes）.可知科学作业花费大约 40 分钟，故选 D。（3）细节理解题。根据 Practice Students will play a short match lasting 45 minutes.This week,the sports are soccer（the boys）and volleyball（for girls）.可知实习学生将进行一场持续45 分钟的短比赛。本周的运动项目是男孩足球和女孩排球。故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。3阅读下列短文，从每题所给的几个选项中，选出最佳选项。When he was nine years old,American boy Milo Cress had a question:How many plastic straws（吸管）do Americans use every day?He quickly learned there wasnt a simple answer.The boy tried to work it out himself.Throughlots of research,Cress found out that Americans use about 500 million straws every day.In hopesof reducing plastic waste,he founded theBe Straw Freeproject in 2011.Cress started the project in his hometown Burlington,Vermont.He asked a local restaurant tostop offering straws with every drink order.It was a simple change.However,it would save money.And by doing that,the restaurant would cut down on its straw use by 50 percent.For the years that followed,Cress tried to spread his project across the United States.More andmore restaurants agreed to join.They stop providing the customer with a straw unless he or sheasks for one.Last April,Seattle became the first American city to completely ban（禁止）plastic straws.Plastic pollution has been one of the most serious problems today.According to scientists,more than eight million tons of plastic end up in the ocean each year.Plastic straws are especiallyterrible.They make it easy for people to get comfortable with single-use plastics.After his project became popular,Cress took his findings on the road.He has since spoken totens of thousands of students around the world.He wants to encourage more people to say no toplastic straws.Focusing（聚焦）on straws is one simple step we all could take,Cress says.And it makesme feel that I,as a kid,could make a difference,too.（1）When did Milo Cress start to care about the problem of straws?A.Ten years ago.B.In the year 2011.C.In the year that he was 9.（2）Cress started theBe Straw Freeproject in order to .A.get a good score in science at his schoolB.encourage people to reduce plastic wasteC.become a famous person in his hometown（3）What did Cress ask a restaurant in Burlington to do?A.Stop offering straws to its customers.B.Prevent people from using straws to drink.C.Count the number of straws it uses every day.（4）Plastic straws are especially terrible because .A.they are the most serious problem todayB.scientists pay little attention to their influenceC.they help people get used to using single-use plastics（5）Over the years,Cress has .spread his project across the United States asked Seattle to completely ban plastic bags counted the plastic straws in the ocean every year spoken to teens around the world about plastic wasteA.B.C.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）C（5）C【解析】【分析】本文介绍了塑料垃圾对环保的危害，Cress 用 环保吸管替代塑料吸管。（1）细节题。根据 When he was nine years old,American boy Milo Cress had a question:Howmany plastic straws（吸管）do Americans use every day 可知 9 岁的时候，米洛克里斯开始关心吸管的问题了，故选C。（2）细节题。根据 In hopes of reducing plastic waste,he founded the Be Straw Freeprojectin 2011.可知为了鼓励减少塑料垃圾，他在2011 年创建了无稻草项目，故选 B。（3）细节题。根据 He asked a local restaurant to stop offering straws with every drinkorder，可知他要求当地一家餐馆停止为每一份饮料订单提供吸管，故选 A。（4）细节题。根据 Plastic straws are especially terrible.They make it easy for people to getcomfortable with single-use plastics.可知塑料吸管尤其可怕。它们让人们更容易适应一次性塑料制品，故选 C。（5）细节题。根据 Cress tried to spread his project across the United States和 He has sincespoken to tens of thousands of students around the world可知这些年来，克雷斯把他的项目推广到了美国，并向全世界的青少年讲述了塑料废料的问题，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。4阅读理解 What are the basic ingredients（要素）of good manners？A strong sense of fairness is one ofthem.A friend once told me an experience that he had.When he was driving along a one lane（单行小路）,unpaved（未铺路的）mountain road,the car ahead of his produced clouds ofchoking dust（呛人的尘土）,and it was a long way to the nearest paved main road.Suddenly,the car ahead stopped at a wider place on the road.My friend thought there must be somethingwrong with the car ahead.He stopped and asked if anything was wrong.No,said the otherdriver.But youve endured my dust so far.Ill endure yours the rest of the way.Another ingredient is empathy（同情心）.It makes a person see into the mind or heart ofsomeone else.Recently I happened to read such a story in a book.A man was having dinner alone,and he was trying to open a bottle.But he failed.Then heasked a waiter for help.The waiter took the bottle,turned his back and opened it withoutdifficulty.Then the waiter closed it again and turned back.He pretended（假装）to make agreat effort to open the bottle without success.Finally he took it into the kitchen and returnedvery soon.He told the man that he managed to open it,but only with a tool.Yet another ingredient is the ability to treat people alike（一视同仁）.No matter who he isand what he does,everyone is worth respecting.（1）The driver in the car ahead stopped to_.A.repair the car B.have a rest C.ask the way D.let the back car go（2）The underlined word endure probably means_ in Chinese.A.原谅 B.容忍 C.抱怨 D.谴责（3）In fact the waiter opened the bottle_.A.by himself easilyB.with a toolC.with difficultyD.without success（4）The second story may happen_.A.in the kitchen at homeB.on the main roadC.in the restaurantD.on the busy street（5）The best title of the passage is _.A.The Ability to Solve ProblemsB.The Ways to Help OthersC.The Good Manners to Treat OthersD.The Empathy for Strangers【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C（5）C【解析】【分析】本文讲的主要内容是对待别人好的礼仪是什么。（1）细节理解题。根据But youve endured my dust so far.Ill endure yours the rest of the way.但到目前为止，你已经忍受了我的灰尘，我会在剩下的路上忍受你的，可知他是想让后面的车先走，故选 D。（2）词意猜测题。根据 the car ahead of his produced clouds of choking dust（呛人的尘士），But youve endured my dust so far.Ill endure yours the rest of the way.在他前面的汽车产生了呛人的尘土，“但是到目前为止你已经 endure 了我的灰尘，我将在剩下的路上endure 你的，“可推知是忍受的意思，故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据 The waiter took the bottle，turned his back and opened it withoutdifficulty.服务员拿起瓶子，转过身，毫不费力地打开了瓶子，故选A。（4）推断题。根据 A man was having dinner alone，.The waiter took the bottle.一个人独自吃饭服务员拿了瓶子，可知是在一家餐厅，故选C。（5）主旨题。根据 What are the basic ingredients（要素）of good manners？良好礼仪的基本要素是什么？可知本文讲的主要内容是对待别人好的礼仪是什么，故选用“对待别人好的礼仪”为题合适，故选 C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。5根据短文内容，选择最佳答案.The world got a glimpse（一瞥）of one of the greatest mysteries of our universe（宇宙）onApril 10.Thats when the firstimage of a black hole was shown to the public.The picture was created bya network of eight radio telescopes（射电望远镜）.We have seen what we thought was unseeable,says Shep Doeleman.He led the effort tocreate the image.The black hole is at the center of galaxy（星系）named Messier 87,some 55 million light years from the earth,and is 6.5 billion times the mass of the sun.The image shows the gas,dust,and stars that move around the black hole before disappearinginto it.It does not truly show the black hole,because not even light can escape its gravity.Blackholes,like vacuums,suck（吸）in everything that gets too close.（1）In paragraph 1,the underlined word image probably means .A.truth B.fact C.picture D.information（2）In paragraph 2,the underlined sentence means seeing the black hole .A.was expected beforeB.was unexpected beforeC.is commonD.is impossible（3）The black hole lies the Messier 87 galaxy.A.in the middle ofB.in the front ofC.at the back ofD.on the top of（4）What will probably happen if a spaceship gets close to the black hole？A.It will fly around it.B.It will be covered by the dust.C.It will be sucked in.D.It will be discovered.（5）What s the best title（标题）for this passage？A.The Black Hole and its GravityB.First Look at the Black HoleC.The Mystery of the Universe D.Faraway Galaxy【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）C（5）B【解析】【分析】主要讲了八台射电望远镜组成的网络制作的黑洞的第一张照片，这幅图象显示了在黑洞消失之前围绕黑洞移动的气体、尘埃和恒星。（1）推断题。根据 Thats when the first image of a black hole was shown to the public.这是黑洞的第一张向公众展示的时候，可知意思是照片，故选C。（2）细节题。根据 We have seen what we thought was unseeable 我们已经看到了我们认为看不见的东西，可知黑洞是出乎意料的，故选B。（3）细节题。根据根据 The black hole is at the center of galaxy（星系）named Messier87，黑洞位于星系（星系）的中心，名为梅西耶87，可知黑洞位于凌乱的 87 星系的中间。故选 A。（4）细节题。根据 Black holes，like vacuums，suck（吸）in everything that gets too close黑洞，像真空一样，吸（吸）进任何靠得太近的东西.可知它会被吸进，故选C。（5）主旨题。根据 Thats when the first image of a black hole was shown to the public.这就是第一张黑洞的照片向公众展示的时候，可知主要讲了第一次看黑洞，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6阅读理解 Sitting among the cheering fans of the Chinese Womens Volleyball Team in Rio de Janeiro,aPolish fan caught a lot of attention.It is not because he is not Chinese,but because he hasfollowed the team closely from the very beginning The 60-year-old Jozef fell in love with the Chinese Womens Volleyball Team at the first sightwhen he watched the girls at the London Olympics on TV in 2012.The Polish man was crazyabout the performances of the young team,especially by its core player Hui Ruoqi.Before thatJozef was a loyal fan of his home team the Polish mens volleyball.Since then,Jozef has become crazy about the team and has kept track of almost all theirinternational competitions.Back in the 2013 Montreux Volley Masters of Switzerland,thePolishman,for the first time,came to cheer up for the team on site.He also drove all the wayfrom Polandto Italy to lend support for the girls during the 2014 Womens World VolleyballChampionship.The hardcore fan traveled hundreds of miles from Poland to Brazil,and booked tickets forallmatches of t