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Unit 1 Great Scientists
第一局部：听力(共两节，总分值30分)
第一节(共5小题； 每题1.5分， 总分值7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the woman ask the man to buy？ __B__
A．Some books.
B．A hair brush.
C．Delicious food.
2．What color is the woman’s dress？ __A__
A．Blue. B．White.
C．Yellow.
3．How does the woman prefer to go to work？ __B__
A．By car. B．By bus.
C．On foot.
4．What will the woman probably do？ __A__
A．Go to the concert with the man.
B．Ask the man to study with her.
C．Prepare for her exams.
5．What will Peter do？ __C__
A．Play table tennis.
B．Play tennis.
C．Play basketball.
第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，答复第6至7题。
6．What program does the man like？ __C__
A．Introduction to interesting places.
B．Information about flights.
C．Weather reports.
7．What will the weather be like in the next three days？ __A__
A．Rainy.
B．Sunny.
C．Snowy.
听第7段材料，答复第8至10题。
8．Who is the man？ __A__
A．Lily’s teacher.
B．An assistant of a bookstore.
C．A foreign visitor to a school.
9．How long has Lily been learning English？ __C__
A．Almost 5 years.
B．5 years.
C．5 years and a half.
10．Where is the sentence Lily feels difficult to understand？ __A__
A．On a page very close to the end of the book.
B．On a page in the middle of the book.
C．On a page at the beginning of the book.
听第8段材料，答复第11至13题。
11．Why does the man often go to Washington DC？ __C__
A．To see his friend.
B．To travel.
C．For business.
12．When is the train leaving today？ __B__
A．At 10∶50 am.
B．At 2∶55 pm.
C．At 3∶15 pm.
13．How will the woman go to Washington？ __C__
A．By plane.
B．By car.
C．By train.
听第9段材料，答复第14至17题。
14．Why does the woman want to talk to the man？ __B__
A．She is interested in foreigners.
B．She plans to write about the school.
C．She wants to teach English better.
15．When does the conversation take place？ __C__
A．In the morning.
B．In the afternoon.
C．In the evening.
16．In which aspect does the man have problems？ __B__
A．Writing in English.
B．Talking in English.
C．English grammar.
17．Where does the man’s brother come from？ __B__
A．America.
B．Russia.
C．China.
听第10段材料，答复第18至20题。
18．Why did Tony stop his car？ __A__
A．The road was too narrow for the two cars to pass at the same time.
B．There was something wrong with his car.
C．He wanted to see the driver in the big red car.
19．What do we know about the man caught by the police？ __A__
A．He wore dark glasses.
B．He had a small mouth.
C．He had big ears.
20．What did Tony do after he read the newspaper again？ __B__
A．He drove to the City Bank.
B．He made a phone call.
C．He drove to the police station.
听力原文
Text 1
M：Tomorrow I’ll bring you some books.Is there anything special you’d like to eat?
W：I don’t feel like reading or eating, but buy me a hair brush on your way here.
Text 2
M：Do you like Jane’s new white dress?
W：Yes，very much.In fact，I’ve got one just like hers，but it’s blue.
Text 3
W：If I were you I’d take the bus to work.Driving in that rushhour traffic is terrible.
M：But by the time the bus gets to my stop, there aren’t any seats left.
W：Oh，I see.
Text 4
M：Can you come to the concert with me this weekend，or do you have to prepare for your exams?
W：I still have lots to do...but maybe a break would do me good.
Text 5
W：Are you going to play table tennis with us，Peter?
M：I promised Bill I’d play basketball with him, and I’m really looking forward to it.
Text 6
W：Do you always listen to the weather reports?
M：Yes, I’m interested in such programs.
W：I am going to visit Chongqing by plane the day after tomorrow.And I wonder what the weather will be like.
M：The radio says that it is going to rain in the following three days.
W：Really? Then it is not wise to take a plane.It’s not very safe in such bad weather.Thank you.
M：Not at all.You’d better change your mind and go there by train or by bus.
Text 7
M：You’re a new comer，aren’t you?
W：Yes，I am.My name is Lily.I came here last week.My family have just moved to this city.
M：Welcome, Lily.I’m your English teacher.Do you like English?
W：Yes.I like the language very much.I think it’s important to learn it well.
M：You speak English very well.How long have you been learning the language?
W：For five and a half years.Here is my old textbook.
M：Do you feel it easy to learn?
W：It’s hard to say.Sometimes it seems very easy, but sometimes it’s rather hard.Some sentences are too difficult for me to understand, especially the long ones with some idioms in them.
M: Please show me the sentence you’re talking about.What page is it on?
W：It’s near the end of the book on the last page.Right here ，in this middle paragraph.
Text 8
W：So I’m going to Washington DC tomorrow.I’m not sure whether I should take a train or fly there.Do you know what time the train is going?
M：Well, that’s interesting.I’m going to Washington DC，too.I often go there.
W：Oh, really?
M：I go there for business.So actually I do know the train timetable.
W：Oh, that’s very handy.I have to meet my husband there.He’s going to an international conference.
M：Ah，I see.Well，what time is it now?
W：It’s 10∶50.
M: 10∶50，right.Well，the train to Washington DC is at 2∶55 this afternoon，and you’re also thinking about flying, aren’t you?
W ：Well, yes，I thought it might be faster.
M：Well，there’s a flight on Monday，Wednesday and Friday, but today is Tuesday, so there’s no flight today.If you want to go by air, you have to wait until tomorrow afternoon.
W：Oh，so I suppose I should take the train today then.Thanks a lot.
Text 9
W：Excuse me.I’m a student of this school during the day.I’m writing a report for the school newspaper.It’s about this evening school.Can I ask a few questions?
M：OK.There are about ten minutes before my classes begin.
W：Thanks.Well, where are you from? And when did you come to this country?
M: I’m from Russia.I came here with my wife and children last year.
W：Did you know any English before you arrived in Washington?
M：Yes，I did.I learned English in the middle school.
W：How are you getting along with your English now?
M：My reading, writing, and grammar are OK, but I have some problems talking to Americans.
W：Well，do you have a job?
M：Yes，I do.I work in a shop.
W：Where do you live?
M：We still stay with my uncle in Bell Street.He has a big house.And my brother is coming to join us soon.
W：You mean he’s coming here from Russia.
M：That’s right.
W：I see.Thank you very much for your help.
M：You’re welcome.
Text 10
M：The big red American car was much too wide for an English country road.When Tony saw it coming toward him, he stopped his own car at the side of the road to make room for it to pass.The American car went slowly past so close that he could see the driver’s face quite clearly.
“Where have I seen that face before？〞 he thought.“Wait a minute! I remember now.It was in the newspaper！〞 He took out the newspaper from his bag, turned quickly to the middle page.There was a picture of the face in it.Yes, the man in the picture had a large mouth and small ears, and his eyes were behind dark glasses.
“Wanted by the police，〞 read Tony.“The City Bank will give a lot of money to anyone who helps the police to catch this man.Call the police at once，〞he said to himself.But a few minutes later, he was sad.“This man was caught this morning，〞 answered the police.
第二局部：阅读理解(共两节，总分值40分)
第一节(共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分)
阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最正确选项。
A
Washington，D．C．Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
Duration：3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the worldfamous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D．C．.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration：3 hours (4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington，D．C．.Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.Guided tour includes bike，helmet，cookies and bottled water.
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
Duration：3 hours
Morning or afternoon，this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C．newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington，D．C．in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration：3 hours (7 miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington，D．C．.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在华盛顿特区进行的四项自行车旅行。
21．Which tour do you need to book in advance？ __A__
A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．.
B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.
C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．.
D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一项自行车旅行中的“Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear！〞可知，这项自行车旅行需要预订。其他三项自行车旅行都没有提到需要预订。
22．What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour？ __D__
A．Meet famous people. B．Go to a national park.
C．Visit wellknown museums. D．Enjoy interesting stories.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三项自行车旅行中的“Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks.〞可知，在Capital City Bike Tour中，导游会为你讲述关于总统、国会、纪念碑和公园的最有趣的故事。A项颠倒是非，尽管文中提到总统、国会等，但这只是导游要讲述的故事的主题，并不是说可以见到名人。B项颠倒是非，文中提到导游会讲述关于公园的故事，没有提到参观国家公园。C项无中生有，文中没有提到参观著名博物馆。
23．Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide？ __D__
A．City maps. B．Cameras.
C．Meals. D．Safety lights.
解析：细节理解题。由题干中的at night可定位到最后一项自行车旅行。根据最后两句“Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.〞可知，在晚上进行的这项自行车旅行给游客配备了平安灯。A、B、C三项无中生有，文中都没有提到。
B
The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB〞 in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.
Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and wellbeing among older people，leading to them becoming more isolated (隔绝) and inactive.
Led by Professor Phil Blythe，the Newcastle team are developing invehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.
These include custommade navigation (导航) tools，night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations.Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people，particularly those living alone or in the country，driving is important for preserving their independence，giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.〞
“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills.The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.〞
Dr Amy Guo，the leading researcher on the older driver study，explains: “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.〞
For example，most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly，we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined.We’re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.
“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.〞
文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。介绍了智能交通团队建立移动实验室，研究老年人开车存在的问题和难点，帮助老年人平安驾驶。
24．What is the purpose of the DriveLAB？ __C__
A．To explore new means of transport.
B．To design new types of cars.
C．To find out older driver’s problems.
D．To teach people traffic rules.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are〞可知，建立实验室的目的是要找出老年人开车有困难的地方。应选C。
25．Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe？ __A__
A．It keeps them independent. B．It helps them save time.
C．It builds up their strength. D．It cures their mental illnesses.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For many older people，particularly those living alone or in the country，driving is important for preserving their independence，giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.〞可知，对于老年人来说，开车对保持他们生活的独立性至关重要。应选A。
26．What do researchers hope to do for older drivers？ __B__
A．Improve their driving skills.
B．Develop driverassist technologies.
C．Provide tips on repairing their cars.
D．Organize regular physical checkups.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“the Newcastle team are developing in—vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life〞可知，研究者正在研发车载式的技术以帮助老年人晚年依然能开车。应选B。
27．What is the best title for the text？ __D__
A．A new Model Electric Car B．A Solution to Traffic Problems
C．Driving Services for Elders D．Keeping Older Drivers on the Road
解析：标题归纳题。本文的关键词是老年人驾车，重点讲述了为了让他们平安驾车所进行的研究。
C
“That’s funny! These fellows in the middle of the plate have died，〞 Dr Alexander Fleming was talking to another doctor in a laboratory in London.He had been studying some germs (细菌)that he was growing on a plate.They were very dangerous germs because they caused different kinds of illnesses that could kill people.Dr Fleming found that a mould (霉菌) had floated in through the window landing on the plate.It had killed some of the germs it had touched.
“This certainly looks promising，〞 Fleming said.“We must grow some of this mould to see if it will kill other germs.〞
He named the strange mould “penicillin〞．It proved to be a killer of many germs.Fifty mice were given deadly germs and then half of them were injected (注射) with penicillin.The twentyfive untreated mice died，but twentyfour of those that had been treated with penicillin lived.Dr Fleming wrote a report about what he had found out.Hardly anybody took any notice of it.
In 1938 Dr Howard Florey，an Australian working in London, read Dr Fleming’s report and was very interested.He found that penicillin was effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings.
When World War II
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