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2022高考英语语法专项训练〔7〕及答案〔解析〕--情态动词
一、知识储藏
1．情态动词全家福
现在式
can
may
must
shall
will
过去式
could
might
--------
should
would
情态动词短语
be able to
be allowed to
have (got) to
ought to
be going to
2。情态动词用法
1. 独特用法
• 2. 推测用法
• 3. 虚拟用法
〔1〕根本用法
能力Can:〔现在能力、过去能力、将来能力〕
理论上可能Can:〔只适用于肯定句中，不宜用于否认句中〕
许可：肯定许可may, might, can, could,但是多用can或者be allowed to do
否认许可may not, might not, can’t, mustn’t
建议和忠告：建议could, Shall I Shall we may(just) as well, might (just ) as well
忠告 should, ought to, had better
意图、意愿。执意 will
请求 Will you--- May I--- Could/ can I--- Could/ can you---
过去习惯做某事：would , used to ---
特殊用法：should 表示竟然，万一
Shall 分人称使用
1.must 常用来表示必要性，意为“必须〞
⑴表示现在或将来必须做某事用“must + 动词原形〞
⑵表示现在或将来不必做某事时，用don’t have to do sth. 或 don’t need to do sth. 或 needn’t do sth
⑶表示过去不必做某事时，分为以下几种情况：
①过去没必要做某事但却做了，用needn’t have done sth.〔虚拟语气用法〕
②过去没必要做某事但不涉及有没有做，用didn’t have to do sth. 或 didn’t need to do sth. 或 It was not necessary to do sth.
mustn’t 表示禁止
must 表示偏偏
2.Should 也可以表示必要性，意为“〔义务上〕应该〞 should 表必要性时，在语气上比must 弱; 也可以表示竟然、万一这两个意思
①Should + 动词原形， 表示现在或者将来应该做的事情〔的必要性〕
②Should + have + 过去分词，表示过去本该做某事〔的必要性〕〔虚拟语气用法〕
3. 表能力〔can, could, be able to, was/were able to, could have done〕
①表示现在的或者一般的能力 can或be able to
②表示将来的能力 will be able to
③表示过去的能力
Could, was/ were able to 均可表示过去的一般能力，只表示有能力不表示是否有行动
Was/were able to 还可强调过去有能力并且成功做了某事，相当于managed to do sth./ succeeded in doing sth.
④理论上的可能性
4. 其他考点
(1) cannot but + do sth. 表示“不得不，只好〞
(2) may well 和 may as well
(3)cannot(或never 等否认词)···enough/ too 表示“再······也不为过，越······越好〞。
(4)may +主语+动词原形，表示祝福。
(5)should 表示说话人对某事不能理解、感到意外 惊讶等等，意为“竟会〞
(6) Must 表示“偏要、硬要〞做某事
(7)may 作“可以〞讲时，其否认式常用“mustn’t〞, 表示“被禁止〞；must作“必须〞讲时，其否认式是“needn’t〞,表示“不必〞。
(8)Will 表示意愿
(9) Ought to do 应当做某事
5. 表请求、允许、允诺〔7/115〕
(1)当对方是决策者时，你代表你〔们〕自己〔I, we〕,或代表第三者〔he, she, they〕向对方〔you〕请示或提出建议时用:①Shall I/ we``` ② Shall he/ she/ they``` ③ Would/ Can you```
(2)Could/might/would/should的委婉功能
(3)当你自己是决策者〔I,〕，给对方〔you〕或第三者〔he, she, they〕以命令、警告、允诺或威胁时，要用shall。此外，当法律、规定时，也要用shall.
6. 表示宁愿做某事〔1/115〕
Would rather do sth
Would rather do sth than do sth
Would do sth than do sth
Would rather sb did sth
Prefer to do sth
Prefer to do sth rather than do sth
Prefer doing sth to dong sth
〔2〕推测用法〔可能性〕
肯定推测
否认推测
现在推测
Must>may>might/could+ V
Can’t/couldn’t>may not/ might not +V
将来推测
Will>should>may> might/could+ V
Can’t/couldn’t>may not/ might not +V
过去推测
Must>may>might/ +have+ done
Can’t/couldn’t>may not/ might not +have +done
二、考点及考察频率。
1. 独特用法〔66/170〕
• 2. 推测用法 (46/170)
• 3. 虚拟用法 (58/170)
三、知识考点考察梯度
1、独特用法
1.must 常用来表示必要性，意为“必须〞
1. Children under 12 years of age in that country ___ be under adult supervision when in a public library.高三
A. must B. may C. can D. need
-- Yes, he _____.
A. need B. must C. may D. will
3. In crowded places like airports and railway stations,you___ take care of your luggage.
A. can B. may C. must D. will
A. can B. must C. will D. may
5. — It’s the office! So you ______ know eating is not allowed here.
— Oh, sorry.
A. must B. will C. may D. need
Need
6. You ____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do. 高一
7. —Shall I tell John about it 高二
—No, you ______ . I've told him already.
A.needn't B.wouldn't C.mustn't D.shouldn't
8. --- I don't mind telling you what I know.高三
--- You______. I'm not asking you for it.
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't
9. - Lucy doesn't mind lending you her dictionary.
-- She ______. I've already borrowed one.
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't
10.—What do you think we can do for our aged parents
—You ______ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.
A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t
11. The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so wego to work tomorrow.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
12. –What sort of house do you want to have Something big
--Well, it be big--that’s not important.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. won’t
13. "Must we do it now "
"No,you ______."
A won’t B needn‘t C can’t D don‘t
mustn’t表示禁止
14. Johnny, you ____ play with the knife, you _____ hurt yourself. 高二
A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t
15．Tom, you ______ leave all your clothes on the floor like this. 高三
A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
16.You _________ park here! It’s an emergency exit.
A.wouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D.mustn’t
17. May I take this book out of the reading room
No,you . You read it in here.
A. mightn’t B. won’t C. need’t D. mustn’t
Must 表示“偏要、硬要〞做某事
高三
18.Naturally，after I told her what to do，my daughter _____ go and do the opposite！
A．may B．can C. must D. should
19.- Who is the girl standing over there
- Well , if you ＿＿ know , her name is Mabel .
A. may B. can C. must D. shall
A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need
21. --- Could I have a word with you, mum
--- Oh dear, if you ______.
A. can B. must C. may D. should
22. May I smoke here
- If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should B. could C. may D. must
23.I have told you the truth I keep repeating it
A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will
Should 应该
24. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police 高三
A. should B. may C. will D. can
A. should B. might C. would D. could
26.-- I think I'll give Bob a ring.
-- You _____. You haven't been in touch with him for ages.
A. will B. may C. have to D. should
27.— Turn off the TV, Jack, ____ your homework now
— Mum, just ten more minutes, please.
A. Should you be doing B. Shouldn’t you be doingC. Couldn’t you be doing D. Will you be doing
28..---How’s your tour around the North Lake Is it beautiful
---It _____ be, but it is now heavily polluted.
A. will B. would C. should D. must
29.What do you mean, there are only ten tickets There ______ be twelve.
A. should B. would C. will D. shall
30.—I don’t care what people think .
—Well , you _______
A. could B. would C. should D. might
should 表示说话人对某事不能理解、感到意外 惊讶等等，意为“竟会〞
31. You can't imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ____ be so rude to a lady. 高三
A. might B. need C. should C. would
3.can/could的根本用法
能力
A. can’t B. couldn’t C. may not D. might not
33. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _____ get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
34. －Will you stay for lunch
A. I mustn't B.I can't C. I needn't D.I won't
A. would B. could C. might D. should
36. -Mum , I've been studying English since 8 o'clock. ＿＿I go out and play with Tom for a while
-No, I'm afraid not . Besides , it's raining outside now .
A．Can't B．Wouldn't C．May not D．Won't
37. If it were not for the fact that she _____ sing, I would invite her to the party.
A. couldn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. might not
38. Black holes ______ not be seen directly, so determining the number of them is a tough task.
A. can B. should C. must D. need
39. We hope that as many people as-possible ____ join us for the picnic tomorrow.A. need B. must C. should D. can
40. The biggest problem for most plants, which _____ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.
A. shan’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
41. You don’t have to know the name of the author to find a book. You ____find the book by the title.
A. must B. need C. can D. would
42. One of the few things you ___ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.
A. need B. must C. should D. can
43. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ____ see you now. He’s busy.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
44. Just be patient .You_____________ except the world to change so soon.
A. can’t B. needn’t
C. may not D. will not
理论上可能
45. Some aspects of a pilot’s job ______be boring, and pilots often _____work at inconvenient hours.
A. can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must
A. shall B. should C. can D. must
疑问句
A．can B．should C．May D．must
49. How ____ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article
A. can B. must C. need D. may
50. My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ___ have taken it
A. should B. must C. could D. would
51. My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where ______ I have put it
A. can B. must C. should D. would
允许
52.-Could I borrow your dictionary
-Yes, of course you _____.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
A. should B. can C. must D. will
May/might
54. I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. ______I have a look
—Yes, certainly.
A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should
55. Liza ___ well not want to go on the trip --- she hates traveling.
A. will B. can C. must D. may
56. —I take the book out
—I'm afraid not.
A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need
高一
Will 表示意愿
57.John promised his doctor he _____ not smoke, and he has never smoked ever since. A. might B. should C. could D. would.
Ought to do
58. Sir, you _____ be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only.
A. oughtn't to B.can't C.won't D.needn't
Shall
高三
59. —The room is so dirty．_____ we clean it—Of course．
A．Will B．Shall C．Would D．Do
60 --- What’s the name
--- Khulaifi. _____ I spell that for you
A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might
当你自己是决策者〔I,〕，给对方〔you〕或第三者〔he, she, they〕以命令、警告、允诺或威胁时，要用shall。此外，当法律、规定时，也要用shall.
高三
A. shan't B. might not C. needn't D. shouldn't
62. "The interest ＿＿ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides," declared the judge.
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
63. 一What does the sign over there read
一“No person ______ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area．〞
A．will B．may C．shall D. must
64. ---I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.B
---Don’t worry. You______ have it by Friday.
A. could B. shall C. must D. may
表示宁愿做某事
65.Shall we go skating or stay at home B
-Which ____ do yourself
A. do you rather B. would you rather C. will you rather D. should you rather
66. You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.
A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to
1-5 ABCBA 6-10 DADCA 11-15 CBBBB 16-20DDCCA21-25 BD AAA 26-30DBCAC
31-35CADBB36-40 AC ADB41-45 CDAAA 46-50 BCAAC 51-55 ACBBD 56-60B DABA 61-66A DCBBD
2. 推测用法
must
高一
1. I didn‘t hear the phone. I _____ asleep.
A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been
高三
2. --- Tom graduated from college at a very young age.
--- Oh, he ____ have been a very smart boy then.
A. could B. should C. might D. must
A. should B. must C. wouldn't D. can't
4. ---- The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
---- Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties!
A. may go through B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through
5. I was on the highway when this oar west past followed by a police car. They ____ at least 150 kilometers an hour.
A. should have been doing B. must have been doing C. could have done D. would have done
6. This cake is very sweet. You _____ a lot of sugar in it.
A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put
7. -Tom is never late for work. Why is be absent today
-Something ______ to him.
A．must happen B．should have happened C．could have happened D．must have happened
8. I have lost one of my gloves. I _____ it somewhere.
A. must drop B. must have dropped
C. must be dropping D.must have been dropped
9. --- Guess what! I have got an A for my term paper.
--- Great! You ______ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A. must B. should C. must have D. should have
10. – She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam.
-- I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A. should B. could C. must D. might
A. should B. can C. would D. must
12. It ______ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.
A. may B. can C. must D. should
13. — Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is
— She _____in the classroom . I saw her there just now.
A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been
14.Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it be regular exercise .
A. can B.will C.must D.may
15. ---Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the PersonnelDepartment.
--Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters.
A. might B. must C. would D. can
16. "You __ have a wrong number," she said. "There's no one of that name here. "
A. need B. can C. must D. would
17．Jack descried his father, who _____a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-wiled man
A. would be B. would have been
C. must be D. must have been
Should
高二
18. It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack______be here at any moment.
A.must B.need C.should D.can
--They_____be ready by 12:00.
A.can B.should C.might D.need
高三
20. There _____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
A. mustn't B. shan't C. shouldn't D. needn't
Can/could
高二
21. ─There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.
A.can't be B.shouldn't be C.mustn't have been D.couldn't have been
高三
22. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _____ your lecture.
A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended C. needn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended
23. ---I heard they went skiing in the mount
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