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Unit 2 学业质量标准检测
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What are the speakers talking about？__A__
A. Housing.
B. Story telling.
C. Number counting.
2．At what time may the man arrive in Boston？__B__
A. About 9：25. B．About 11：45.
C．About 12：00.
3．How much is it to rent a mountain bike a day？__B__
A. 10 yuan. B．20 yuan.
C．50 yuan.
4．When does the train arrive in Washington？__C__
A. At 9：26. B．At 11：30.
C．At 11：50.
5．What is the original price of the glasses？__C__
A. 90. B．180.
C．360.
第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．How much money does the man want to borrow？__B__
A. $ 25,000. B．$ 50,000.
C．$ 75,000.
7．How much does the man's wife earn？__A__
A. $12,500. B．$15,000.
C．$17,500.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．How much did the man tip the bellboy？__A__
A. $3. B．$5.
C．$20.
9．Where were the speakers now？__C__
A. In Cameroon. B．In Europe.
C．In California.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why does the woman want to go to the library？__C__
A. To return some books.
B. To find some test papers.
C. To borrow some new books.
11．When does the library close？__C__
A. At 9：00. B．At 9：40.
C．At 10：00.
12．How long does the conversation last？__A__
A. 10 minutes. B．20 minutes.
C．30 minutes.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What are the speakers doing？__A__
A. Having an interview.
B. Talking about jobs.
C. Studying at the university.
14．How many days does the woman's work cover each week？__B__
A. Two. B．Three.
C．Four.
15．When is it now？__A__
A. In April. B．In May.
C．In June.
16．What do we know about the woman？__C__
A. Her last job doesn't provide enough time for work.
B. She works for the restaurant for free.
C. She wants to improve herself.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．When did Rose begin to look for work？__B__
A. At 17. B．At 18.
C．At 19.
18．Where did Rose live now？__C__
A. At the company.
B. At the college.
C. At her parents' house.
19．Why did Rose choose one of the offices？__B__
A. It offered her a higher salary.
B. It was near her parents' house.
C. It had more free time.
20．How much will Rose earn per day after three months？__B__
A. 27 pounds. B．30 pounds.
C．57 pounds.
听力原文
Text 1
M：Do you prefer a one－story or two－story house?
W：How about one－story? There are no stairs to climb.
Text 2
M：What time does the train for Boston leave?
W：9：25 on Track 12.
M: When does it arrive?
W：It should be there at 11：45，but it may be a little late.
Text 3
M：Here's a bike rental store.
W：Yeah，do you want to rent one?
M：How much is it to rent one?
W：It's 10 yuan per day for a standard bike,20 yuan for a mountain bike and 50 yuan for a tandem.
Text 4
W：What time's the next train to Washington?
M：That's 9：26.
W：When does it get there?
M：It's scheduled to arrive at 11：50.
W：How much is it?
M：It's $ 30 one way or $ 55 round trip.
Text 5
W：Welcome! Please have a look at our selection of sunglasses.
M：OK. I think these brown ones are great.
W：Brown－tinted glasses offer great protection from the sun.
M：And they totally go with my face.How much is this pair?
W：We're offering a 50% discount for this pair，so the total price will only be 180 yuan.
M：OK，I'll take them.
Text 6
W：Good morning. I'm the manager. How can I help you?
M：We'd like to apply for a mortgage.
W: Have you found a property you're interested in?
M: Yes, we have.
W: How much would you like to borrow?
M：Well，the property is $ 75,000, but we have a deposit of $ 25,000.
W：So you need a $ 50,000 loan. Do you have an account with this bank?
M：Yes，we both have accounts here. I've had my account for over fifteen years.
W: How much do you both earn?
M：I earn $15,000 a year and my wife earns $ 12,500.
W：That's fine. Now would you like to complete this form...
Text 7
W：Did you tip the bellboy?
M：Yes，but I don't think it was enough. He looked disappointed. I gave him three dollars.
W：That sounds about right to me, fifty cents a bag. If they think you don't know better, they'll try to get more.
M：It's the same in Cameroon. But I definitely think we over－tipped the cab driver. The fare was twenty dollars，and you gave him a five－dollar tip. That's twenty－five percent of the total! Too much!
W：I disagree. He was polite and informative, and he drove smoothly. One should reward good service.
M：I'll sign for the dinner and charge it to our room. Let's see. The bill is one hundred dollars. That seems reasonable. How much tip should I leave?
W：Remember last month when we were in Europe? Maybe Californians use that same system——they add the waiter or waitress into the bill, so you don't have to leave anything extra.
Text 8
W：What time is it now?
M：It is half past nine.
W：It is said that our library has got some new books. I want to go and have a look. Do you think I'll have enough time to get there before it closes?
M：I can't tell. What time does it close?
W: 10 o'clock.
M：Can you make it in half an hour? Anyhow it's not far from here. By the way，can you return some books for me?
W：OK，no problem! Do you know what the new books are about? I need some books about English writing for my term paper.
M：I heard that most of the new books are about English grammar and writing. All of them are the latest publications. I am sure there are some you need.
W：That's great. Oh，it's already 9：40. There are only 20 minutes left. I'd better get going. See you!
M: See you!
Text 9
M：You're interested in the job as a waitress.
W：That's right. I saw your sign at the window，asking for a part－time waitress.
M: Um，have you worked as a waitress before?
W：Yes，I've worked as a waitress for three years at several different restaurants.
M：I see. Are you working now?
W：Yes，at the King Hotel dining room on Dart Avenue.
M：They have a nice dining room there. Why do you want to leave?
W：Because I can't work full time at the moment. I'm taking some courses at the university. I need more time for study.
M：I see. What days are you available?
W：I'm free on Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday.
M：That suits us very well, actually. We are looking for someone who can help us late in the week when we get busy. That's Thursday afternoon，Friday afternoon and evening，as well as all day Saturday. The restaurant is closed on Sunday.
W：That's fine with me.
M：When can you start?
W：Is the first of next month all right with you?
M：That's fine. The first of May. That's good. By the way, you'll get one dollar eighty cents an hour, with tips of course.
W：Good. Thank you very much.
Text 10
M：Rose left school when she was seventeen and went to a college for a year to learn to type. She passed her examinations quite well and then went to look for work. She was still living with her parents.
A lot of people were looking for typists at that time，so it was not difficult to find interesting work. Rose went to several offices, and then chose one of them. It was near her parents' house. She thought, I'll walk there every morning. I won't need to go by bus.
She went to the office again and said to the manager，“I want to work here，but what will you pay me per day？” “We'll pay you 27 pounds now，” the manager answered, “and 30 pounds after three months.”
Rose thought for a few seconds before she answered. Then she said, “All right, then I'll start in three months' time.”
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
American and British people both speak English of course. But sometimes it does not seem like the same language. In fact, there are some important differences between British English and American English.
First of all, they sound very different. Often, Americans don't say each word separately. They say several words together. Americans may say “I dunno” instead of “I don't know”. However, the British are more careful on their speech. They usually say all the words and keep them separate.
Also, some letters have different sounds. For example, the Americans say the “a” in half like the “a” in cat. But the British say the “a” in half like the “o” in soft.
Sound is not the only difference between British English and American English. Words sometimes have different meanings too. Some American words are never used in England. The same thing is true of some British words in America. For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different. Americans drive trucks, but in England they drive lorries.
Many expressions are also different in the two countries. In England, if you are going to telephone friends, you “ring them up”. In America you “give them a call”．
There are also sometimes differences in grammar. For example, Americans usually use the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. They say “Do you have class today？”But the British often leave out the helping verb. They say “Have you class today？”
All these differences can be confusing if you are learning English. But most languages are like this. Languages change over time. When people live in separate places, the languages change in different ways. This is what happened to English. It can also happen to other languages, such as French. Many people in Canada speak French but their French is very different from the French of France.
文章大意：本文介绍了美式英语与英式英语的不同点。
21．Compared to the British, Americans are usually__B__.
A．more careful about saying words
B．less careful about saying words
C．easier to understand
D．slower speakers
解析：细节判断题。由文章第二段的第二句“Often, Americans don't say each word separately.”可以直接得出答案为B项。
22．Some letters in English __B__.
A．always sound the same
B．have different sounds in the US and England
C．don't change
D．have an unusual sound
解析：细节判断题。由第三段首句可得出正确答案为B项。
23．The vocabulary for cars and driving is__B__.
A．an example of British English
B．different in the US and England
C．an example of modern technology
D．the same in the US and England
解析：细节判断题。由文章第四段的最后两句可知。
B
Canadian English
Canadian English is affected by both British and American English. In vocabulary there are a lot of US influences：Canadians use billboard, gas, truck and wrench rather than boarding, petrol, lorry, and spanner; but on the other hand, they agree with the British in saying blinds, braces, porridge, and tap rather than shades, suspenders, oatmeal, and faucet.
South African English
Since 1994 South Africa has had eleven official languages: English, Afrikaans (having developed from Dutch), Zulu, Xhosa, and other largely regional African languages. English is the first language of only about 10 percent of the population, but the second language of many others. The English of native Afrikaners has influenced the “standard” English of white South Africans, examples being such informal usages as the affirmative(肯定的) “no”， as in “—How are you？—No, I'm fine.” and the all－purpose response “is it”， as in “She has a baby last week, is it？”
Indian English
Together with Hindi, English is used across India, but it can also be a speaker's first, second, or third language. The grammar of Indian English has many distinguishing features, of which perhaps the best known are the use of the present continuous tense, as in “He is having very much of property”， and the use of “isn't it” as an ordinary question tag, “We are meeting tomorrow, isn't it？” The first example shows another characteristic of the language, which is using “in or of” in idiomatic phrases. Verbs are also used differently, with speakers often dropping a preposition or object altogether, “I insisted immediate payment”， while double possessives(所有格)—“our these prices”(instead of the British English “these prices of ours”)—are common.
文章大意：本文主要说明了三个国家中所使用的英语的特点。
24．What does the underlined word “distinguishing” mean in Paragraph 3？__A__
A．different B．same
C．short D．missing
解析：词义猜测题。第三段所举的例子讲述了印度英语一些不同的用法，因此是指“不同的”。
25. According to the passage, which group of words is all in American form？__C__
A．Billboard, gas, blinds, braces.
B．Hoarding, petrol, porridge, tap.
C．Truck, wrench, shades, suspendres.
D．Lorry, spanner, oatmeal, faucet.
解析：细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知美式英语中常用billboard, gas, truck, wrench及shades, suspenders, oatmeal, faucet。
26. What can we learn from Paragraph 2？__B__
A．Dutch is one of the official languages in South Africa.
B．Zulu is one of the official languages in South Africa.
C．Less than 10% of the South African people speak English as their second language.
D．More than 10% of the South African people speak English as their mother tongue.
解析：细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知Zulu是南非官方语言的一种。其他选项与文意不符。
27. How many distinguishing features of Indian English grammar are mentioned in the passage？__D__
A．2. B．3.
C．4. D．5.
解析：细节理解题。第三段提到了印度英语语法的五种与众不同的用法，分别是现在进行时用法，isn't it普遍用于附加疑问句，习惯搭配中插入in或of等，动词后省去介词及宾语和双重所有格的用法。
C
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ，C)
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter－gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation－state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers)，Chiapaneco in Mexico(150), Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question－mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
文章大意：最近，语言种类在消失，消失的原因是人类社会的发展。
28．What can we infer about languages in hunter－gatherer times? __B__
A. They developed very fast.
B. They were large in number.
C. They had similar patterns.
D. They were closely co
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