2023版高考英语大一轮复习第2部分第1板块专题4介词和数词练习新人教版.doc

专题四　介词和数词
————————————◄ 对 点 训 练 ►———————————
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(高考真题改编)
1. (2023年天津卷)In spite ________ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.
解析：句意：尽管存在这些问题，但是有几个队员表现得很出色。根据“问题〞和“表现很出色〞可以判断出，前后为让步关系。 in spite of意为“尽管，虽然〞。
答案：of
2. (2023年天津卷)We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made an impact ________ our lives in many ways.
解析：句意：我们可以看到，人工智能已经在很多方面对我们的生活产生了影响。make an impact on意为“对……产生影响〞，是固定搭配。
答案：on
3. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)Modern methods ________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.
解析：a method of/for doing sth.意为“做某事的方法〞。
答案：of/for
4. (2023年北京卷) First celebrated ________ 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区)．
解析：此处表示“在1970年〞，应用介词in。在年、月和季节前，用介词in。
答案：in
5. (2023年浙江卷)But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ________ this question is not clear.
解析：the answer to...意为“……的答案〞。
答案：to
6. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ________ dogs, seven to be exact.
解析：a pack of是固定搭配，意为“一群……〞。
答案：of
7. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)I was searching ________ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
解析：search for是固定搭配，意为“寻找〞，故填for。
答案：for
8. (2023年江苏卷)Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which calls ________ a clear road map and timetable.
解析：句意：开发长江经济带是一个系统化的工程，这项工程需要一个清晰的路线图和时间表。call for意为“需要，要求〞。
答案：for
9. (2023年江苏卷)China's soft power grows in line ________ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
解析：句意：中国软实力的增长与全球对中国不断增长的欣赏和理解紧密相连。in line with是固定短语，意为“与……紧密相连〞。
答案：with
10. (2023年天津卷)Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ________ all.
解析：句意：由于需要写一份报告，鲍勃以为自己参加不了聚会了，但是他终究还是去了。根据句意可知，此处应填after。after all 意为“毕竟，终究〞。
答案：after
11. (2023年北京卷)—Good morning, Mr. Lee's office.
—Good morning. I'd like to make an appointment ________ next Wednesday afternoon.
解析：句意：——早上好，这里是Lee先生的办公室。——早上好，我想预约下周三下午的见面。make an appointment for...意为“为……预约〞。
答案：for
12. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)This trend was started by the medical community (医学界)________ a method of fighting heart disease.
解析：分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，表示“作为一种抵抗心脏病的方式〞，故填as。
答案：as
13. (2023年全国卷Ⅱ)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and ________ work.
解析：to and from 意为“往返，来回〞，故填from。
答案：from
14. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree ________ engineering or architecture.
解析：in意为“在某一方面〞。get a degree in意为“获得某项学位〞，故填in。
答案：in
15. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India，for example，most people traditionally eat ________ their hands.
解析：with one's hands 意为“用某人的手〞。
答案：with
16. (2023年四川卷)The mother continued to care for the young panda ________ more than two years.
解析：“for＋时间段〞表示“持续一段时间〞。句意：熊猫妈妈对孩子的照顾会持续两年多。
答案：for
17. (2023年江苏卷)Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage________ the opportunity to join sports teams.
解析：take advantage of 意为“利用〞。
答案：of
18. (2023年浙江卷)That young man is honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help.________ short, he's reliable.
解析：in short 意为“总之，简言之〞。
答案：In
19. (2023年浙江卷)The study suggests that the cultures we grow up ________ influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.
解析：in the cultures 意为“在……的文化中〞，是固定搭配，故填in。
答案：in
20. (2023年陕西卷)The little pupil took his grandma _______ the arm and walked her across the street.
解析：take sb.by the arm意为“挽着某人的手臂〞。此处by意为“抓着(物体或身体的某个部位)〞。
答案：by
Ⅱ.用括号内数词的适当形式填空
1．Even a child knows September is the ninth (nine) month of a year.
2．My family live on the fifth (five) floor of the tall building.
3．Two thirds (three) of the boys in my class are in the school football team.
4．I've bought a present for my father's fortieth (forty) birthday.
5．I am in my eighth (eight) year in this middle school.
6．Jack is busy preparing for a party to celebrate his sister's twelfth (twelve) birthday.
7．His first (one) name is Mike.But I don't know his family name.
8．As we all know，“Z〞 is the twenty­sixth (twenty­six) letter in the alphabet.
9．Now thousands (thousand) of people around the world can't get clean water.
10．The doctor advised him to take the medicine twice (two) a day.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1. (2023年全国卷Ⅱ)Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher very much.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：“上五年级〞有两种表达方式：in the fifth/5th grade或in Grade 5/Five。
答案：five→fifth
2. (2023年全国卷Ⅱ)When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered my goal and decided to be a doctor.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：in/at high school意为“在高中〞。
答案：high前加in/at
3. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)I want my café to have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty〞．
_________________________________________________________________
解析：such as意为“例如〞，是固定搭配。
答案：去掉like
4. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：时间名词用every, each, last等词修饰时，其前不用介词。故去掉for。
答案：去掉for
5. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：此处表示“我的第十八个生日〞，应用序数词。
答案：eighteen→eighteenth
6. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：in the middle of the road 意为“在路中央〞，是固定搭配。
答案：on→of
7. (2023年全国卷Ⅲ)I realize of how fast time flies.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：realize后跟how引导的宾语从句，介词of 多余，故去掉of。
答案：去掉of
8. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：dream of/about 表示“梦想〞，后跟v.­ing形式作宾语。
答案：dreams后加of/about
9. (2023年浙江卷)While they chatted, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：此处表示“冰箱的上面〞，故把in改为on。
答案：in→on
10. (2023年四川卷)Dad cleaned the house, and then went on shopping.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：go on doing sth.意为“继续做某事〞，而此处表示“爸爸清扫完房子后去购物〞。go shopping意为“购物〞，故去掉on。
答案：去掉on
11. (2023年陕西卷)My soccer coach retired in last week.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：由形容词 last, next 等修饰的名词词组用作时间状语时，其前不加介词。
答案：去掉in
12. (2023年四川卷)Please help with me and give me some advice.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：句意：请帮帮我，给我一些建议。with多余，故去掉with。
答案：去掉with
13. (2023年全国卷Ⅰ)Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：with the development of...意为“随着……的开展〞，是固定搭配。
答案：on→with
14. (2023年全国卷Ⅱ)One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parents. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：此处表示“在橱窗里面〞，故把on改为in。
答案：on→in
15. (2023年浙江卷)My old classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were made from glass.
_________________________________________________________________
解析：be made of 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么，保存原材料的质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化；be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化，在成品中已无法识别。
答案：from→of