中医专有术语英文解释.doc

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气随液脱 depletion of fluid involving qi desertion 大汗、大吐、大泻，使津液大量丢失，气亦随津液大量外泄而脱失得危重病理变化。气阴两虚 deficiency of both qi and yin 气虚与阴虚同时并见得病理变化。内风 endogenous wind 又称“肝风内动”，“虚风内动”。指由脏腑机能失调而引起具有动摇、震颤特点之各种症状得病理变化，与肝脏关系最为密切。包括阴虚风动、肝阳化风、血虚生风、热极生风等。风胜则动 predominate wind causing motion 风邪侵袭，或肝风内动，出现头目肢体动摇、震颤等得病理变化。阴虚风动 stirring wind due to yin deficiency 肝肾阴液枯竭，筋脉失养而风气内动得病理变化。肝阳化风 hyperactive liver yang causing wind 肝肾阴亏，水不涵木，肝阳亢逆无制而动风得病理变化。热极生风 extreme heat causing wind 邪热炽盛，伤及营血，燔灼肝经，筋脉失养而挛急抽搐得病理变化。血虚生风 blood deficiency causing wind 血液亏虚，筋脉失养，虚风内动得病理变化。血燥生风 blood dryness causing wind 血虚津亏，失润化燥，肌肤失于濡养而致干燥瘙痒及脱屑得病理变化。痰瘀生风 phlegm stasis causing wind 痰与瘀血壅阻经络，阻碍气血，使脏腑功能失常而引动内风得病理变化。内寒 endogenous cold 与外寒相对，指脾肾阳虚，不能温煦机体脏腑，而使阴寒内生得病理变化。内湿 endogenous dampness 与外湿相对，指脾肾阳虚，运化失职，导致体内水液停滞而湿浊内生得病理变化。湿胜[则]濡泻 predominant dampness causing diarrhea 湿邪偏盛就容易导致大便湿软泄泻得病理变化。湿胜阳微 predominant dampness causing weak yang 湿邪过盛而损伤阳气，尤损脾阳，导致脾阳衰微得病理变化。内燥 endogenous dryness 与外燥相对，指体内津液耗伤而致干燥少津得病理变化。燥热 dryness-heat 燥邪化热化火得病理变化。燥结 accumulation of dry feces 因邪热壅盛，或津液亏损，胃肠干燥而致大便秘结不通得病理变化。燥胜则干 predominant dryness causing withering 燥性干涩，燥邪致病易伤人津液，导致各种干燥症状得病理变化。燥气伤肺 dry qi impairing lung 燥易伤肺，燥邪致病常表现为肺之功能受损得病理变化。燥干清窍 dryness affecting clear orifices 燥易伤人津液而导致口、鼻、眼等官窍失却滋润濡养得病理变化。内热 endogenous heat 与外热相对，指热邪入里，或阴虚生热，而致热势明显得病理变化。热结 heat accumulation 热邪结聚于里得病理变化。热郁 heat stagnation 情志不舒，肝郁气滞，郁久化热得病理变化。热闭 heat blockade 热邪壅闭于脏腑经络得病理变化。热遏 blocked heat 热邪阻遏于内，不能透泄发越于外得病理变化。火郁 fire stagnation 火邪郁阻于内，不能透泄发越于外得病理变化。火逆 mistreatment by warming therapy 误用烧针、火熨、艾灸等治法而导致病情加重得病理变化。热胜则肿 predominant heat causing swelling 热邪炽盛，蕴郁肌肤，导致痈肿疮疡得病理变化。炅则气泄 overheat causing qi leakage 热邪致病，易使腠理疏松，玄府开张而多汗，导致气随津泄得病理变化。五志化火 five minds transforming into fire 怒、喜、思、悲、恐五种情志太过，郁久均可生热化火得病理变化。心气虚 deficiency of heart qi 心气虚损，功能减退，致运血无力，心动失常得病理变化。心阴不足 insufficiency of heart yin 心阴亏损，濡养不足，心动失常，心神失养，并虚热内扰得病理变化。心阳不振 devitalization of heart yang 心阳虚弱，鼓动无力，温煦失职，心动失常，心神失养，并虚寒内生得病理变化。心血失养 malnutrition of heart blood 心血不足，心神失养，致心动失常，心神不安并全身性濡养不足得病理变化。心火亢盛 exuberance of heart fire 心经火热亢盛，心火上炎，热扰心神，甚至伤津动血得病理变化。心火上炎 flaring up of heart fire 心火循经燔灼上炎，而致心神不安，口舌生疮得病理变化。心血瘀阻 stagnant blockade of heart blood 由于心气虚或心阳不足，血行不畅，瘀血阻滞心脉得病理变化。热伤神明 heat affecting spirit 因邪热炽盛，扰乱神明，而致神志障碍得病理变化。痰火扰心 phlegm-fire disturbing heart 火热痰浊扰乱心神而导致神志异常得病理变化。痰蒙心窍 heart spirit confused by phlegm 痰浊蒙蔽心窍，引起神志障碍得病理变化。肺气虚 deficiency of lung qi 肺气虚损，功能减弱，致呼吸不利，卫外功能失常得病理变化。肺阴虚 deficiency of lung yin 肺阴不足，津亏肺燥，失于滋润清肃，并虚热内扰得病理变化。风热犯肺 wind-heat invading lung 风热之邪侵袭肺卫，致使肺气宣降失常得病理变化。风寒袭肺 wind-cold attacking lung 风寒之邪侵袭肌表，郁于肺卫，致使肺之宣发失常得病理变化。肺气不宣 failure of lung qi in dispersion 肺得宣发功能失常得病理变化。肺失清肃 impaired depurative descending of lung qi 肺得肃降功能失常得病理变化。肺络损伤 damage of collaterals in lung 肺络受损，络破出血得病理变化。痰浊阻肺 turbid phlegm obstructing lung 痰浊内阻，致使肺气宣降失常得病理变化。燥热伤肺 dry-heat impairing lung 燥热犯肺，耗伤肺阴，致使肺气宣降失常得病理变化。金破不鸣 damaged lung not functioning normally 肺气肺阴虚损，津亏失润而声哑，甚或失音得病理变化。金实不鸣 obstructed lung not functioning normally 实热壅肺，肺气不宣而声哑，甚或失音得病理变化。肺为贮痰之器 lung being reservoir of phlegm 肺为痰饮停积得主要脏器。脾气虚 deficiency of spleen qi 脾气虚弱，功能减弱，致运化无力，形体失养得病理变化。脾气下陷 sinking of spleen qi 脾气虚弱，中气升举无力，致气虚下陷或脏器下垂得病理变化。脾阴虚 deficiency of spleen yin 脾阴亏虚，失于濡养，散精不足，运化失常得病理变化。脾阳虚 deficiency of spleen yang 脾阳不足，功能减退，温煦无力，运化失职，并虚寒内生得病理变化。脾虚湿困 dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency 脾虚运化无力而致湿浊内停，虚实夹杂得病理变化。脾虚生风 spleen deficiency causing wind 脾虚气弱，无以濡养筋脉，筋脉失养而虚风内动得病理变化。脾不统血 spleen failing to manage blood 脾气虚弱，不能统摄血液，血溢脉外得病理变化。湿热蕴脾 dampness-heat stagnating in spleen 脾失健运，水湿停滞，湿蕴化热，湿热郁蒸得病理变化。脾失健运 dysfunction of spleen in transportation 脾运化功能失常得病理变化。脾虚生痰 spleen deficiency generating phlegm 脾虚运化水湿功能减退，津液代谢失调，痰浊内生得病理变化。寒湿困脾 cold-dampness disturbing spleen 寒湿内盛，困遏脾阳，运化功能减低得病理变化。脾为生痰之源 spleen being source of phlegm 脾之运化功能失常，致使津液代谢失调，就是痰饮生成得主要原因。肝气虚 deficiency of liver qi 肝之精气不足，功能减弱，致升发无力，疏泄不及得病理变化。肝血虚 deficiency of liver blood 肝脏血液亏虚，致筋脉、头目、爪甲失于濡养得病理变化。肝阴虚 deficiency of liver yin 肝之阴液亏虚，致筋脉、头目、爪甲失于濡养，并虚热内扰得病理变化。肝阳虚 deficiency of liver yang 肝之阳气不足，疏泄与藏血功能低下，并虚寒内生得病理变化。肝阳上亢 upper hyperactivity of liver yang 肝肾阴虚，阴不制阳，肝阳亢逆于上，导致上实下虚得病理变化。肝气郁结 stagnation of liver qi 肝失疏泄，气机郁滞，情志抑郁，气血不畅得病理变化。肝气横逆 transverse dysfunction of liver qi 肝失疏泄，气机郁结，肝气横逆侵犯脾胃得病理变化。肝火上炎 liver fire flaring up 肝火炽盛，循经上攻头目，气血涌盛络脉得病理变化。肝经风热 wind-heat of liver channel 风热之邪，侵袭肝经，循经上扰头目得病理变化。肝经郁热 stagnated heat of liver channel 肝气郁结，郁久化热，导致气郁与肝经热盛并存得病理变化。肝经湿热 dampness-heat of liver channel 湿热之邪，蕴结于肝及其经脉，并循经下注为病得病理变化。肾气虚 deficiency of kidney qi 肾气虚弱，功能减退，封藏固摄功能失职，进一步可致阴阳失调得病理变化。肾不纳气 deficiency of kidney qi failing to control respiring qi 肾气虚损，不能摄纳肺气，致气交换不足，气浮于上，动则气急得病理变化。肾气不固 non-consolidation of kidney qi 肾气虚损，封藏固摄功能失职，致膀胱失约，大肠不固，或精关不固、冲任失约得病理变化。肾阳虚 deficiency of kidney yang 肾阳虚弱，温煦无力，气化失常，阴寒内生，并使性与生殖能力减退得病理变化。肾虚水泛 water diffusion due to kidney deficiency 肾阳虚损，气化失常，体内水液代谢障碍，水湿泛溢得病理变化。命门火衰 decline of vital gate fire 肾阳衰微，温煦失职，气化无权，致阴寒内盛，并使性及生殖机能明显减退得病理变化。肾阴虚 deficiency of kidney yin 肾阴亏损，阴不制阳，致虚火虚热内扰，甚则动血扰神，并脑髓、骨骼、齿、发、官窍失养得病理变化。相火妄动 hyperactivity of ministerial fire 相火寄藏于肝肾，肝肾阴亏，阴不敛阳，相火不受其制而偏亢，火势上逆，功能病态亢进得病理变化。肾精不足 insufficiency of kidney essence 肾精亏虚，功能减退，致脑髓、骨骼、齿、发、官窍失养，小儿生长发育迟缓，成人生殖功能减退，或早衰得病理变化。精脱 depletion of essence 过劳伤精耗气，导致肾中精气亏损脱失，官窍失养得病理变化。胆经郁热 stagnated heat of gallbladder channel 情志内郁化热，或邪居少阳，热郁胆经，上扰心神得病理变化。胆郁痰扰 stagnated gallbladder qi with disturbing phlegm 胆郁失疏，痰浊内扰，上扰心神得病理变化。胆虚气怯 insufficiency of gallbladder qi causing timidity 胆气虚弱，决断不能，易惊多虑，心神不宁得病理变化。胃气虚 deficiency of stomach qi 胃气虚弱，受纳腐熟功能减退，胃气不降得病理变化。胃阴虚 deficiency of stomach yin 胃中阴液不足，失于濡润，胃气不降，并虚热内扰得病理变化。胃寒 stomach cold 胃受寒邪侵袭，或饮食生冷，导致胃中阳气虚损，阴寒偏盛得病理变化。胃热 stomach heat 胃受热邪侵袭，或过食辛温香燥，以致胃中阳热偏亢得病理变化。胃气不降 failure of stomach qi to descend 又称“胃失与降”。胃得通降功能障碍得病理变化。胃气上逆 adverse rising of stomach qi 胃得通降功能障碍，胃气下降不及，反而逆上得病理变化。胃热消谷 stomach heat accelerating digestion 胃热、胃火引起腐熟水谷功能亢进得病理变化。胃火炽盛 exuberance of stomach fire 胃中实热之邪炽盛，胃气失与，机能亢进，胃火上炎，热盛伤津得病理变化。胃不与 discomfort in stomach 胃气失与，功能失调得病理变化。胃纳呆滞 anorexia 胃得受纳功能障碍，食欲下降，进食减少得病理变化。小肠虚寒 deficient cold of small intestine 阳气不足，小肠受盛化物功能低下，虚寒内生，清浊不分得病理变化。小肠实热 excessive heat of small intestine 又称“心移热小肠”。心火炽盛，循经移热小肠，小肠热盛，泌别清浊功能失调得病理变化。大肠虚寒 deficient cold of large intestine 阳气虚衰，温煦失职，大肠功能减退，虚寒内生，传导失常得病理变化。大肠液亏 fluid insufficiency of large intestine 大肠津液不足，肠失濡润，大便燥结得病理变化。大肠热结 heat accumulation of large intestine 大肠热邪炽盛，腑气不通，燥屎内结而迫津下泄得病理变化。大肠湿热 dampness-heat of large intestine 湿热蕴结大肠，阻滞气机，损伤肠络，传导失常得病理变化。大肠寒结 cold accumulation of large intestine 阳虚，阴寒之气凝结大肠，传导无力，滞涩不利得病理变化。热迫大肠 heat invading large intestine 热邪下迫，来势急骤，大肠传导功能失常得病理变化。膀胱湿热 dampness-heat of bladder 湿热蕴结膀胱，导致膀胱气化不利得病理变化。热结膀胱 heat accumulation of bladder “膀胱”指下焦部位，热邪与瘀血相搏，瘀热互结于下焦，致小腹硬满，神志如狂得病理变化。膀胱虚寒 deficient cold of bladder 肾阳不足，膀胱气化无力，虚寒内生，贮尿排尿功能失常得病理变化。热入血室 heat invading blood chamber 外感病适逢妇人月经来潮，或月经适断，邪热与血互相搏结得病理变化。热伏冲任 heat lodging in Chong and Conception Channels 邪热蕴伏于冲任二脉，使阴精暗耗，肾阴亏损，或迫血妄行得病理变化。冲任不调 disharmony of Chong and Conception Channels 冲任二脉气血不畅，功能失调，影响月经或生育得病理变化。冲任不固 unconsolidation of Chong and Conception Channels 冲任二脉受损，气血两虚，固摄失职，经血、带下或胎元失固得病理变化。心肺气虚 qi deficiency of heart and lung 心肺精气俱虚，心动失常，运血无力，并肺失宣降，气机不畅得病理变化。心脾两虚 deficiency of both heart and spleen 心脾气血不足，心动失常，心神不宁，并脾失健运得病理变化。心肝血虚 blood deficiency of heart and liver 心肝血液亏虚，神志、头目、筋脉、爪甲均失于濡养得病理变化。心肝火旺 hyperactivity of heart-liver fire 心肝两脏火热亢盛，循经上炎，躁扰神明，甚至灼伤脉络，迫血妄行得病理变化。心肾不交 disharmony between heart and kidney 心肾相交之平衡关系失调，肾阴不能上济心火，阴不制阳，虚火亢动，心神不宁得病理变化。水气凌心 water pathogen insulting heart 肾阳虚衰，气化无力，水液泛溢，上凌于心，抑遏心阳，导致心功能失常得病理变化。水寒射肺 water-cold attacking lung 肾阳虚衰，气化无力，水湿泛滥，上逆犯肺，导致肺功能失常得病理变化。心虚胆怯 timidity due to deficiency of heart qi 心气虚与胆虚气怯同时并存，心动失常，心神不宁，胆怯易惊得病理变化。心胃火燔 exuberant fire of heart and stomach 心营热盛，心神不宁，胃火烁津，津伤液燥得病理变化。肺脾两虚 deficiency of both lung and spleen 肺脾精气俱虚，肺失宣降，脾失健运得病理变化。肺肾阴虚 yin deficiency of lung and kidney 肺肾阴液虚损，虚火内生，肺失清肃得病理变化。肺肾气虚 qi deficiency of lung and kidney 肺肾精气俱虚，肺失肃降，肾不纳气得病理变化。脾胃虚弱 deficiency of spleen and stomach 脾胃气虚，受纳运化功能减退得病理变化。脾胃阴虚 yin deficiency of spleen and stomach 脾胃阴液不足，失其濡润，受纳运化功能减退，并虚热内扰得病理变化。脾胃虚寒 deficient cold of spleen and stomach 脾胃阳气不足，失其温煦，受纳运化功能减退，并虚寒内生得病理变化。脾胃湿热 dampness-heat of spleen and stomach 湿热内蕴中焦，阻碍脾胃气机，纳运失司，升降失常得病理变化。脾肾阳虚 yang deficiency of spleen and kidney 脾肾阳气虚损，温煦气化无力，脾主运化与肾主水液功能失常得病理变化。肝肾阴虚 yin deficiency of liver and kidney 肝肾阴液俱虚，形体官窍失于濡养，且阴不制阳，虚火内扰得病理变化。肝火犯肺 liver fire invading lung 肝火炽盛，上逆犯肺，肺失清肃，或肺络受伤得病理变化。水不涵木 water failing to nourish wood; kidney failing to nourish liver 肾阴虚不能滋养肝木，以致肝肾阴虚，肝阳上亢，甚则肝风内动得病理变化。肝气犯脾 liver qi invading spleen 肝气郁滞，横逆犯脾，导致脾之运化失职得病理变化。肝气犯胃 liver qi invading stomach 肝气郁滞，横逆犯胃，导致胃失与降，纳腐失职得病理变化。肝郁脾虚 stagnation of liver qi and spleen deficiency 肝失疏泄与脾气虚弱并见，肝气郁结，横逆犯脾，脾气本虚，又兼肝气所犯，气机郁滞，运化失职得病理变化。肝胆湿热 dampness-heat of liver and gallbladder 湿热蕴结肝胆，疏泄不利，胆汁排出障碍，并湿热下注得病理变化。肝胆实热 excessive heat of liver-gallbladder 又称“肝胆实火（excessive fire of liver-gallbladder)”。实热蕴结肝胆，气机不利，并阳热上冲得病理变化。就是动病 disease caused by disorder of this channel 经络循行路线得病证引致所属络脏腑得病证。所生病 disease of viscera connecting with this channel 脏腑病变延及所属经脉，反映于经脉循行路线得病证。卫气虚 deficiency of defensive qi 太阳病初起，卫气不足，营卫失与，肌表失于固护，防御功能低下得病理变化。营卫不与 disharmony between nutrient qi and defensive qi 太阳病初起，营不内守，卫外不固，营卫失于与调得病理变化。胃家实 excess of stomach and intestine 阳明病证，热邪结于胃肠，津液受伤，肠胃燥热得病理变化。阳明燥热 Yangming dryness-heat 阳明病，病邪入里化热，燥热亢盛，消灼津液得病理变化。阳明腑实 Yangming fu-viscera excess 阳明病，病邪入里化热，燥热与肠中糟粕搏结，劫耗津液，燥结成实得病理变化。阳明虚寒 Yangming deficient cold 阳明病，由热转寒，由实转虚，发展成为脾虚寒盛得病理变化。邪郁少阳 stagnant pathogen of Shaoyang 太阳病不解而内传，或病邪直犯少阳，正邪分争于表里之间得病理变化。半表半里 half-superficies and half-interior 病邪既不在表，又不在里，正邪分争于表里之间。太阴寒湿 Taiyin cold-dampness 脾阳虚弱，运化失职，寒湿内生得病理变化。太阴虚寒 Taiyin deficient cold 中焦阳气受损，病从寒化，虚寒内生得病理变化。少阴寒化 cold transformation of Shaoyin disease 心肾阳衰，阳不制阴，从阴化寒，虚寒内生得病理变化。少阴热化 heat transformation of Shaoyin disease 心肾阴虚，阴不制阳，从阳化热，虚火亢盛得病理变化。厥热胜复 alternate cold and heat 阴阳消长，厥热进退得病理变化。卫分 weifen 温热病初起，温热之邪侵及肌表，肺卫失与，病势较为轻浅得病理阶段。卫阳被遏 defensive yang being obstructed 又称“邪郁卫表”。温热外袭，伤及肺卫，卫阳被遏，不得发越，温煦失职，肺气失于与调得病理变化。气分 qifen 温热病邪由卫入里，邪热亢盛，正邪交争剧烈得病理阶段。热炽津伤 injury of fluid due to exuberant heat 温热入里，正邪斗争剧烈，机能亢盛，里热壅盛，灼伤津液得病理变化。营分 yingfen；nutrient tier 温热病由气分深入，热陷心包，心神被扰，并伤津动血得病理阶段。热入心包 invasion of pericardium by heat 温热病邪内陷，灼液为痰，痰热闭阻心包，扰乱神明，导致神昏肢厥得病理变化。心营过耗 over consumption of heart nutriment 温热病邪入里，伤及心营，灼伤津液得病理变化。营阴损伤 nutrient qi and yin fluid being damaged 温热病邪侵入营分，耗损血中阴津得病理变化。血分 xuefen；blood tier 温热病最深重得病理阶段，邪热壅盛，迫血妄行，扰乱心神，伤阴动风得病理阶段。热入血分 heat invading xuefen 温热病邪侵入血分，迫血妄行，扰乱心神，伤阴动风得病理变化。血分瘀热 stagnated heat in xuefen 邪热深入营血，迫血离经致瘀，或热邪壅阻血络而夹瘀，以致瘀热互结于血分得病理变化。血分热毒 heat-toxicity in xuefen 热毒深陷血分，耗血、伤阴，甚则蒙闭心神，危及生命得病理变化。上焦湿热 dampness-heat in upper jiao 湿热之邪侵袭上焦，困遏卫阳，肺气不宣得病理变化。中焦湿热 dampness-heat in middle jiao 湿热之邪侵袭中焦脾胃，湿邪阻遏，热邪不得透发，脾胃纳运功能失常得病理变化。下焦湿热 dampness-heat in lower jiao 又称“湿热下注”。湿热流注于下焦肠腑、膀胱，湿聚热蕴，气机受阻，气化失司，腑气不利得病理变化。传变 transmission 病位得传移与病情得变化。从化 transformation in accord with consititution 病证得性质随体质阴阳而变化，如从阳而化热、从阴而化寒等。顺传 sequential transmission 外感病按一般规律由浅入深，由轻逐渐变重得传变方式。如温热病按卫、气、营、血顺序进行传变为顺。逆传 reverse transmission 外感病传变得反常情况，与顺传相对而言，病情迅速发展到危重阶段得传变方式。如温热病变从卫分不经气分，直接入营得传变为逆传。逆传心包 reversed transmission to pericardium 温热病邪侵犯肺卫之后不从卫分顺传气分，而径入心包，扰及心神得病理变化。转归 sequelae 疾病发展得结局，包括痊愈、死亡，或后遗症等各种情况。康复 rehabilitation 疾病痊愈，完全恢复健康，为疾病转归得最佳结局。表邪入里 superficies pathogens involving interior 外邪致病，首先侵袭肌肤卫表，而后逐渐深入，内传入里得传变趋势。里病出表 interior disease involving superficies 病邪本在脏腑之里，由于正气抗邪，病邪由里透达于外得传变趋势。表里同病 simultaneous superficies and interior syndromes 在表得病变未解，在里得病变又起，同时并存得病理变化。两感 cold attack on paired channels 外感热病初期，表里两经均感受病邪，同时发病得病理变化。阳病入阴 yang disease involving yin 邪气由表入里，或阳气受伤，阳病转变为阴病，均称为“阳病入阴”，大多表示病情加重。阴病出阳 yin disease involving yang 邪气由里出表，或阳气来复，阴病转变为阳病，均称为“阴病出阳”，大多表示病情好转。上损及下 deficiency transmitted from upper body to lower body 虚损由上部脏腑发展到下部脏腑得传变趋势，如由肺损开始累及心、脾、肝、肾等其她脏腑。下损及上 deficiency transmitted from lower body to upper body 虚损由下部脏腑发展到上部脏腑得传变趋势，如由肾损开始累及肝、脾、心、肺等其她脏腑。气病及血 qi disease involving blood 先发气病，然后累及于血得传变趋势。血病及气 blood disease involving qi 先发血病，然后累及于气得传变趋势。脏病及腑 zang-viscera disease involving fu-viscera 五脏病变传至相合得六腑得传变趋势。腑病及脏 fu-viscera disease involving zang-viscera 六腑病变传至相合得五脏得传变趋势。直中 direct attack 伤寒病邪不经三阳病得传变过程，直接侵犯三阴经，初起即为三阴病。循经传 sequential transmission along channel 伤寒病得发展按太阳、阳明、少阳、太阴、少阴、厥阴得次序而传变。越经传 transmission of skipping to other channel 伤寒病得发展在太阳、阳明、少阳、太阴、少阴、厥阴得传经次序上有所跨越地进行传变。再经 disease involving other channel 伤寒六经病证中，一经病证未愈，又传入她经。过经 disease transmitting from one channel to another 伤寒六经病证中，邪离本经，传入她经。经尽 disease of one channel without transmission 伤寒六经病证中，病变发展止于一经。合病 disease involving two or more channels 伤寒六经病证中，两经或三经同时受邪而发病。并病 disease of one channel involving another channel 伤寒一经病变未解，又出现另一经得病变，两经病证同时存在。卫气同病 disease involving weifen and qifen 温热病中，邪热入于气分，而卫分证候未解，卫分、气分病变同在得病理变化。卫营同病 disease involving weifen and yingfen 温热病中，邪热入于营分，而卫分病证未解，卫分、营分病变同在得病理变化。气营两燔 flaring heat in qifen and yingfen 温热病中，邪热入于营分，而气分证候未解，气分、营分病变同在而邪热炽盛得病理变化。气血两燔温热病中，邪热入于血分，而气分证候未解，气分、血分病变同在而邪热炽盛得病理变化。从阴化寒 cold transformed from yin 指病邪入里，因阴盛体质而转化为寒性病变。从阳化热 flaring heat in qifen and xuefen 指病邪入里，因阳盛体质而转化为热性病变。因虚致实 excess resulted from deficiency 疾病本来就是以正气虚为矛盾主要方面得虚性病变，因正气虚弱，脏腑功能减退，气、血、水液运行障碍，产生气滞、血瘀、痰饮、水湿等实邪留滞得病理变化。由实转虚 deficiency transformed from excess 疾病本来就是以邪气盛为矛盾主要方面得实性病变，由于失治、误治，或病情迁延，伤及正气，向以正气虚损为矛盾主要方面得虚性病变转化得病理变化。实则阳明 excessive disease located in Yangming 人体感受寒邪，太阳病不解，病邪内传，若患者体质阳气素旺，寒邪入里易于化热伤津，形成燥热内盛之阳明病。虚则太阴 deficient disease located in Taiyin 人体感受寒邪，太阳病不解，病邪内传，若患者素体阳虚，脾胃虚弱，寒邪入里则可从阴化寒，形成脾胃虚寒之太阴病。五十二病方52 Bing Fang Prescriptions for Fifty-two Diseases 马王堆汉墓出土得先秦医方书灵枢经Lingshu Jing Miraculous Pivot 现存最早得中医理论著作，约成书于战国时期素问Suwen Plain Questions 《黄帝内经素问》得简称现存最早得中医理论著作，约成书于战国时期。黄帝内经Huangdi Neijing Inner Canon of Huangdi; Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor 为《灵枢经》《素问》两书得合称，简称《内经》。现存最早得中医理论著作，约成书于战国时期。神农本草经Shennong Bencao Jing Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica 现存最早得中药著作，约成书于西汉以前难经Nan Jing Classic of Questioning 中医理论著作，旧题秦越人撰，约成书于东汉以前伤寒杂病论Shanghan Zabing Lun Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases 中医临床著作，东汉张仲景撰。已佚。后世根据该书佚文，分别整理成《伤寒论》、《金匮要略》伤寒论Shanghan Lun Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases 中医临床著作，东汉张仲景撰金匮要略Jingui Yaolue Synopsis of Golden Chamber 中医临床著作，东汉张仲景撰针灸甲乙经Zhenjiu Jiayi Jing A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 针灸学著作，魏晋间皇甫谧撰。脉经Mai Jing Pulse Classic 中医脉学著作，西晋王叔与撰刘涓子鬼遗方Liu Juanzi Guiyi Fang

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