动词ing作状语.doc

动词ing作状语1.v-ing作状语可以修饰动词，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随的情况等。时间状语方式伴随状语程度状语让步状语条件状语原因状语结果状语V-ing作状语*时间状语 动词的ing形式作时间状语时相当于一个状语从句，几乎每一个动词ing作状语时都可以转换成一个时间状语从句。它表示动作如果和谓语动词的动作同时发生或紧接着发生，此时常用动词的ing形式的一般式，在强调动词的ing形式表示的动作先于谓语动词的动作时，用动词ing的完成时。Eg；1.arriving in Paris，I lost my way。=when I arrived in Paris ，I lost my way。到巴黎后，我迷路了。2.Hearing the exciting news，the boy jumped with joy。=when the boy heard the exciting news，the boy jumped with joy。听到这个令人激动的消息，男孩高兴得跳起来。3.we are ready for the examination，having made full preparations。= we are ready for the examination，when we have made full preparations。 我们已经做好充分的准备，现在可以应考了。*原因状语动词的ing 作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句，同时也可以转变为一个原因状语从句。它表示的原因的动词ing 形式短语一般置于句首。Eg；1.having smoked too much ，he has suffered from lung cancer。=as he has smoked too much ，he has suffered from lung cancer 由于抽烟过多，他得了肺癌。2.living far from my company，I have to get up early。=because I live far from my company，I have to get up early。 由于住得离公司远，我只好早起。3.not knowing her address，I might as well call her to come over。=because I do not know her address，I might as well call her to come over。 不知道她的地址，我只好打电话让她来。*结果状语动词的ing作结果状语时，不常用，通常放在句末，中间有逗号。它可以转化成结果状语从句。Eg；1.the fire lasted nearly a month，leaving nothing valuable。 大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么有价值的东西。结果状语形式不定式Todo动词ing往往是前面主语的结果往往表示出乎意料之外的结果*方式、伴随状语动词ing表示方式或伴随情况是比较常见的，它用来说明发生的背景或情况。Eg，1.I stood by the door，not daring to say a word。 我站在门旁边，不敢说一句话。2.my parents wrote me a letter ，telling me to change my job。 我父母来信让换我工作。3.i lay on the grass，staring at the sky for a long time。我躺在草地上，长时间的望天空。4.talking and laughing，the kids walked one by one into the classroom。孩子们有一个个说有笑的走进教室 。5.theycame running all the way。他们一路跑过来。*条件状语动词的ing作条件状语一般位于句首。Eg；1.going straight down the road，you will find the department store。顺着路一直走，你会发现那家百货公司。2.working hard at your lessons，you will succeed。如果好好学习，你就能成功。*让步状语Eg；1.knowing all this ，I still wanted to see it myself。尽管知道了这一切，我还是想亲自去看看。=though I knew all this ，I still wanted to see it myself。2.working hard as he did ，he still failed。=though he worked hard as he did ，he still failed。尽管他很努力，他还是失败了。*程度状语动词ing形式在习惯上可以作程度状语，常译作；很、非常、极度，也可以与very互译。Eg；1.it was freezing cold yesterday。昨天很冷。2.she is an amazing girl。她是一位迷人的女孩。*补充；常见的动词ing短语Go bathing去洗澡Go shopping去购物Go running去跑步go skating去滑雪go boating去划船Go hunting去打猎Gojogging去慢跑Goclimbing去爬山评论性状语Generally speaking一般来说Strickly speaking严格地说Broadly speaking 广义上说Supporting 如果Narrowly speaking狭义上说Judging from/by 由判断Providing 如果Considering 考虑到Consisting of 包括