unithowoftendoyouexercise知识点归纳与练习.doc

Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?知识点归纳与练习SectionA知识讲解一.helpwithhousework帮助做家务1.helpwithsth.意为“帮助做某事”2.helpsb.withsth.=helpsb._sth.帮助某人做某事Eg:Ioftenhelphim_hisEnglish.=Ioftenhelphim_English.【拓展】1.helponeselfto请随便吃/喝Pleasehelpyourselftosomecakes.2.canthelpdoingsth情不自禁做某事Icanthelpfallinginlovewiththatgirl.我情不自禁爱上那个女孩。二housework意为“家务劳动”。不可数名词。1.Theyhavehouseworktodo.A.manyB.much三.sometimes有时辨析：sometimes，sometimes，sometime，sometimesometimes有时候。=attimes=fromtimetotime也是“有时”的意思。sometimes几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。sometime某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。sometime一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用howlong。口诀记忆：分开“一段时间”；相聚“某个时候”。四.hardlyever几乎不比较：hard、hardly和hardlyeverhard作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的”。hard作副词常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地”，位于动词后。Thisgroundistoohardtodig.这块地太硬，挖不动。Theytriedhardtosucceed.他们努力工作，以求得成功。Hardly副词，意为“几乎不”，表示否定意义，位于实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、或情态动词之后，不表示频率。常用来修饰表示能力的词，如can,could等。Hecanhardlyplayfootball.他几乎不会打篮球。Thereishardlyanycoffeeleft.几乎没有剩余的咖啡了hardlyever是频率副词，“几乎不；几乎没有”，相当于almostnot,seldom。五.exercise1.vt.“锻炼、运动”。Howoftendoyouexercise?2.U“锻炼、运动”，常与动词take连用。Exercise_mekeephealthy.运动使我保持健康。Johnlikestakingexerciseintheopenair.约翰喜欢在户外锻炼。3.C“练习；操”。Wedomorning_everyday.我们每天做早操。六usetheInternet用互联网usesth.todosth.用某物做某事Iuseaknifetocutbread.我用刀切面包。短语：ontheInternet在网上，surftheInternet网上冲浪，上网七Whatsyourfavorite.?=What.doyoulikebest？你最喜欢的.是什么？1.Whatsyourfavoriteanimal？你最喜欢的动物是什么？=_八.free意为“空闲的，有空的”反义词busy。befree意为“闲着，有空”eg:：Heisfreenow.他现在有空。拓展：free还可译为“免费的”Eg：Theticketsarefree.票是免费的。九quitefull很忙，相当忙.1.adj.full还可译为“满的，充满的”。反义词是empty，意为“空的”。Eg：Thebuswasfullwhentheygotthere.翻译_.拓展：AbefullofB.=AbefilledwithB;A中充满了B。Theroomisfullofstudents.Thebusisfullofpeople.Thehallis_people.A.fillwithB.fullwithC.filledofD.filledwith2.fulladj.“饱的”。其反义词是hungry，意为“饥饿的”。Areyouhungryorfull？你饿了还是饱了？Eg：Icanteatanymore，Iamquitefull.我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。十maybe“也许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。Eg：MaybeheknowsTom.也许他认识Tom。辨析：maybe和maybemaybe也许，大概，可能。（句首）Maybeyouareright.也许你是对的。maybe“可能是，也许是”。为“情态动词+be动词”结构。（位于句中）Youmayberight.你也许是对的。十一.atleast意为“至少”。其反义词为atmost“最多”。Eg：Thereareatleast1,500studentsinourschool._。十二.howoften意为“多久一次”，常用于对时间频率的提问。回答可用once/twice/threetimesaday(一天一/两/三次)，sometimes(有时)，never(从不)，veryoften(经常)等。HowoftendoyouwatchTV?你多久看一次电视？词语词义用法答语特征howlong多久询问时间多久for/about+一段时间howoften多久一次询问动作的频率often,twiceaweek等howsoon多快，过多久询问时间多快in+一段时间howfar多远询问距离多远tenminuteswalkhowmany多少询问Cn数量数词+Cn复数howmuch多少询问Un数量数词+表示量的词+Un多少钱询问价格数词+钱十三.look、see、watch和read辨析：look为不及物动词，后接宾语时须用介词at，指看的动作。see着重于看的后果，即“看到，看见”。read多指“看书、报”，这里的“看”实为“读”。watch表示“注视，观看，监视”之意。也常用于“看电视，看比赛”等短语中SectionB一wantsb.todosth.的否定形式为wantsb._todosth.Eg：Shewantsmetobringhimsomepens.否定：Shewantsme_himsomepens.1.wantsth.想要某物2.wanttodosth.想要做某事3.want(sb.)todosth.=wouldlike/love(sb.)todosth.二begoodfor意为“对有益”。反义词为bebadfor“对有害”。Eg:Vegetablesaregoodforyou.蔬菜对你有好处。【拓展】1.begoodto“对好”，其反义短语为bebadto“对不好”。2.begoodat“在方面擅长”，at后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，同义短语为dowellin。SheisgoodatEnglishandChinese.=ShedoeswellinEnglishandChinese.她擅长英语和汉语。Iamgoodat_（play）basketball.3.begoodwith“和相处得好；擅于和相处”。Areyougoodwithchildren?你和孩子们相处得好吗？三1.healthn.健康，C，意为“健康(状况)”，常用于“beingood(poor/bad)health”短语中，表示“身体好(不好)”。Mygrandparentsarebothingoodhealth.我祖父母身体都很好。2.healthyadj.健康的unhealthyadj.不健康的四asksb.aboutsth.“询问某人关于某事”Eg:Iaskedmyteacherabouttodayshomework.五.Herearetheresults.这是（调查）结果。here位于句首，句子要倒装。Hereis+单数名词。Hereare+复数名词.Eg：Hereisyourjacket.这是你的夹克。六find+宾语+名词,发现：Wehavefoundhim(tobe)agoodboy.find+宾语+形容词，发现：Hefoundtheroomdirty.七.1.百分数由percent表示，基数词+percent，常用“数词percentof名词”这一结构作主语时，谓语的单复数要看percentof后跟的名词，如果是可数名词复数，谓语应该用复数，如果是不可数名词，谓语应该用单数Thirtypercentofthestudents_(like)watchinggameshows.70percentofwater_(be)saltywater(盐水)。八not.atall“一点儿也不，根本不”,not和be、助动词或情态连用。Eg：Idontknowaboutitatall.对那件事我一点也不知道。Thestoryisntinterestingatall.Theoldmancantusethecomputeratall.拓展：notatall=youarewelcome意为“不用谢，不客气”。Eg：-Thankyouforyourhelp.-Notatall.九surprised惊奇的，感到意外的1.besurprisedatsb./sth./doingsth.对感到惊奇Wearesurprisedatthenews.2.besurprisedtodosth.对做某事感到惊讶Imverysurprisedtomeetyouhere.3.besurprisedthat+从句.因感到惊讶Imsurprisedthathecamehereontime.【拓展】surprising令人惊讶的toonessurprise令某人惊讶的是insurprise惊讶地；吃惊地十theanswerstoquestions问题的答案thewaytosp去某地的路十一.moststudents=mostofthestudents大多数学生1.most+复数名词.Mostbirdscanfly.大多数鸟儿会飞._大部分时间2.mostof+限定词+复数名词mostofthegirls,mostofmyfriends3.mostof+人称代词宾格mostofthem/us_thestudentslikereadingthestory.A.MostB.Mostof4.the+most+多音节形容词，表示最高级，意为“最”。Thisisthemostbeautifulflower.这是最漂亮的花。如果most前有不定冠词a，则表示“非常；很”，相当于very。Sheisamostbeautifulgirl.她是个非常漂亮的姑娘。十二.although“虽然，尽管”。although与but不能同时使用。Mycousinknowsalotaboutgeography，althoughheisonlyfouryearsold.十三.Its+adj+（for/ofsb.）+todosth.“（对某人来说）做某事是的”。Eg：Itsveryimportanttolistencarefullyinclass.上课认真听讲很重要。Itseasyforustoswim.对我们来说游泳很容易。Itsveryniceofyoutohelpmeout._十四.by+交通工具乘.by+时间到.时（为止）by+地点在.旁边【拓展】through和by的区别、through后常加名词表示手段媒介，throughexercise通过锻炼by后常加工具或v-ing,byworkinghard(bydoingsth.通过做某事)十五.suchas例如；像这样。后面跟名称、代词、动词的ing形式Eg:Ihavealotofhobbies,suchas_and_.我有许多爱好，如读书和唱歌。拓展：suchadj.&pron.这样的；那样的；类似的；作形容词时，其后修饰名词。Tomlivesinsuchalargehouse.汤姆住在一所这么大的房子里。such和so二者都有“如此；这样”的意思，但具体用法相异。such用来修饰名词，so用来修饰形容词或副词。sucha/anadj.n.(单数)suchadj.n.(复数/不可数名词)soadj./adv.soadj.a/ann.(单数)sucha/anadj.n.(单数)somany/few/much/littlen.(复数/不可数名词)Heissuchacleverboy.Heissocleveraboy.Itssuchfineweathertoday.Theydidnthavesomuchtimetodotheirhomework.他们没有如此多的时间做作业。十六.spend意为“度过”或“花费（时间、金钱）”。Eg:Comeandspendtheweekendwithus.来和我们一起度过周末吧。spendtimemoneyonsth.在.上花费时间或金钱.=spendtimemoney（in）doingsth.花费时间或金钱做某事Hedidntspendmuchtimeonhishomework.=Hedidntspendmuchtime_hishw.Ispend200yuanonanewcoat.=Ispend200yuan_anewcoat.DontspendtoomuchtimewatchingTV.=Dontspendtoomuchtime_TV.Healwaysspendhistimeplayingfootball.=Healwaysspendhistime_football.拓展比较：1.cost的主语是物sth.costssb.金钱/时间某物花了某人多少钱/时间。doingsth.costssb.时间做某事花了某人多少时间。2.take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：Ittakessb.时间/金钱todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。3.pay的基本用法是：(1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付钱（给某人）买。Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.我每月要付20英磅的房租。(2)payforsth.付的钱。Ihavetopayforthebooklost.我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)payforsb.替某人付钱。Dontworry!Illpayforyou.别担心,我会给你付钱的。(4)paysb.付钱给某人。Theypayuseverymonth.他们每月给我们报酬。十七.throughprep.以；凭借；穿过Hebecamerichthroughhardworkandability.他凭借辛苦的工作和能力变得富有。Thesunlightwascominginthroughthewindow.through，across，overthrough“穿过”，从物体内穿过。Theywalkedthroughtheparkaftersupper.across“穿过”，从物体表面通过。Iswamacrosstheriverandfeltverytired.over“越过；跨过”，越过一个有高度的物体。Canyoujumpoverthetable?十八.however“然而,不过”可位于句首句中,句末.但要用逗号隔开。Eg:Shewasill.However,shestillwenttowork.她病了，然而她依然去上班。辨析：but和howeverbut直接连接前后两个句子，转折的意味比however强，表示非常明显的对比。However“然而，但是”。不能直接连接句子，必须用逗号与句子隔开。Eg:1.Itbegantorain,_,wewentouttolookfortheboy.2.Itasunnymorning，_verycold.这是个晴朗的早晨，但是却很冷。十九.morethan相当于over。意为“超过，多余”。Therearemorethan2000books.二十.afraid意为“担心的，害怕的”。1.beafraidtodosth.害怕做某事Eg：Iamafraidto_plane.我害怕乘飞机。2.beafraidofsb.sth.害怕某人某物beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事Eg：Sheisafraidofthedog.她害怕那只狗。Dontbeafraid_questions.不要怕问问题。二十一.lessthansix.少于6小时。lessthan意为“不到，少于”。其反义词为morethan/over“多余，超过”Eg：Shesleepslessthansevenhourseverynight.他每晚的睡眠时间不到7小时。WeknowTomfor_20years.我们认识Tom超过20年了。拓展：less是little的比较级，Shehaslessmilkthanme.22.diev.消失；消灭；死亡1.“死亡”，不用于被动语态，强调动作，瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用。Hisgrandfatherdiedfiveyearsago.他祖父五年前去世的。2.die可以用于进行时态，dying,表示“即将死去，奄奄一息”。Heisdying.他快要死了。拓展：1.dead死的，是die的形容词形式。可作表语或定语。作表语时，表示状态。Hisdoghasbeendeadfortwoweeks.他的狗已死了两周了。2.death死亡，是die的名词形式。Hismothersdeathmadehimverysad.他母亲的去世使他非常难过。23.nonenone与noone,nobody的用法区别1.noone=nobody，两者均只能指人，作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如：NooneNobody_谁也不知道。NooneNobody_it.没人喜欢它。注：按传统语法，两者之后均不能接of?短语。2.none既可指人也可指物，其后通常接of?短语；用作主语若指不可数名词，谓语只能用单数，若指可数名词，则谓语可用单数或复数。Noneofthefoodwasleft.一点食物都没留下。Noneofthebooksisareinteresting.没有一本书有趣。3.none暗示一种数量，“一个也没有”，而noone或nobody指“谁都没有”，回答howmany或howmuch的提问时，通常用none，而在回答who的提问时，通常用noone或nobody。体会：A：HowmanyEnglishbookshaveyouread?你读过多少本英文书?B：None.一本也没读。A：Howmuchmoneydidyougiveher?你给了她多少钱?B：None.一分也没给。A：Whowenttoseethefilm?谁去看电影了?B：NooneNobody.谁也没去。24.mind1.mindn.“思想”、“想法”、“头脑”、“智力”。changeonesmind(改变主意)，makeuponesmind(下定决心)，setonesmindto(do)(专注于)，keepinmind(记在心里)，comeintoonesmind(计上心来)等。2.mindv.“介意”、“反对”，常用来表示委婉、客气的请求。“Would/Doyouminddoing.意为“你介意吗？Wouldyoumindclosingthedoor？关上门好吗？3. Nevermind意为“没关系”、“不要紧”25.point1.n.分数，得分Shealwaysgetsgoodpointsinanysubject.不管哪一学科，她总是得高分。n.要点，论点v.用手指.pointto(指向.强调方向)pointat(指着.)Hepointedtothedoor.Sheispointingatthemathquestionontheblackboard.单元试题一、选择填空()1.Howoftendoyoutakeexercise?_.A.sometimesB.ThreehoursC.AtthreeoclockD.Intwohours()2.Theywereverytired._,theydecidedtokeepgoing.A.SoB.HoweverC.BecauseD.Although()3、_doesyourmothergoforawalk？Everyafternoon.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowmuchD.Howmany()4.Wouldyoulikesomebread?_,Imfull.A.No,thanks.B.Yes,please.C.No,Idontlikeit.D.Yes,Iwould.()5.Youarenothealthyatall.Youneedtoeat_fastfoodandexercise_.A.more,lessB.less,lessC.more,moreD.less,more()6.Goodluckwithyourtest._.A.ThankyouB.OKC.ThatsallrightD.Yes()7.Heusuallygoestoworkbybike,but_walkstotheoffice.A.oftenB.neverC.alwaysD.sometimes()8.Iwanted_basketballbutI_runfast.A.play,couldnotB.toplay,cantC.playthe,cantD.toplay,couldnot()9.Here_theresults_thestudentactivitysurvey(活动调查).A.Is;withB.Are;ofC.is;ofD.Are;with()10._heisveryold,heworksveryhard.A.AlthoughB.ThroughC.ButD.And()11.DoyoulikeChineseteawith_init.A.anythingB.nothingC.somethingD.Noone()12.Larrysmotherwantshim_athometoday.A.staysB.stayedC.stayingD.tostay()13._doesKittydanceeveryday?Twohours.A.HowoldB.HowlongC.HowmuchD.Howmanyhours()14.Idontlikeeatinglemons(柠檬)_theyaretoosour(酸).A.becauseB.BecauseofC.soD.But()15.“Areyou_?”“Yes.Imingood_.”A.health;healthB.healthy;healthyC.health;healthyD.healthy;health()16._itisraining,_heisstillworkingoutside.A.Although;butB.Although;/C.But;althoughD./;although()17.Manyanimals_becausetheweatherwasbad.A.weredeadB.diedC.dyingD.death()18.Ileftmykeysintheroomyesterday.Ihadtogetinthewindow.A.byB.throughC.overD.across()19.ReadingaloudisthebestwayEnglish.A.tolearnB.learningC.tolearnD.learns()20.ItsbadforyoutoomuchjunkfoodA.eatingB.toeatC.eatD.ate()21.Itisreallycooltorealizeyourdream_greateffort(努力).A.throughB.ofC.tillD.about()22.Itiseasy._anymancandoit.A.MostB.AlmostC.ButD.Though()23.Johnturnedroundandlookedathim_.A.surprisingB.insurpriseC.atsurprisedD.tohissurprise()24.Theyareallverytired,but_ofthemtookarest.A.noneB.allC.bothD.either()25.Canaplanefly_theAtlanticOcean?Yes,butitneedstogo_thecloudsforhours.A.across;throughB.through;acrossC.across;acrossD.through;through()26.Janeis_highschoolstudentintheUnitedStates.A.a18-year-oldB.a18-years-oldC.an18-years-oldD.an18-year-old()27.Myparentsoftenaskme_toomuchtime_computergames.A.nottospend,playingB.nottospend,toplayC.tonotspend,play()28.Canyoubelievethatin_arichcountrythereshouldbe_manypoorpeople?Asuch；suchBso；soCsuch；soDso；such二、完形填空Foodisveryimportant.Everyoneneedsto_1_wellifheorshewantstohaveastrongbody.Ourbrains(大脑)alsoneedsakindoffood.Thiskindoffoodis_2_.Webegintogetknowledge(知识)whenweareyoung.Smallchildrenareinterestedineverythingaroundthem.Theylearn_3_while(当)theyarewatchingand_4_.Whentheyaregettingolder,theybeginto_5_storybooks,anythingtheylike.Whentheyfindsomethingnew,theyliketoaskquestionsand_6_tofindouttheanswer.Whatisthebest_7_togetknowledge?Ifwe_8_byourselves,wellgetthemostknowledge.Ifwe_9_gettinganswersfromothersanddonotaskwhy,wewillneverlearnwell.Whenwestudyinarightway,wewilllearn_10_andunderstandbetter.(?)?1.?A.?read?B.?see?C.?drink?D.?eat?(?)?2.?A.?knowledge?B.?sport?C.?playing?D.?fruit?(?)?3.?A.?everything?B.?something?C.?nothing?D.?anything?(?)?4.?A.?finding?B.?listening?to?C.?listening?D.?looking?at?(?)?5.A.?learn?B.?buy?C.?write?D.?read?(?)6.A.?try?B.?have?C.?like?D.?should?(?)?7.A?place?B.?school?C.?way?D.?road(?)?8.?A.?work?B.?learn?C.?help?D.?do?(?)?9.?A.?often?B.?always?C.?usually?D.?Sometimes(?)10.?A.?more?B.?much?C.?little?D.?some?三、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1._(Have)breakfasthelpsyoukeephealthy.2.Sheworksvery_(hard)3.Hebrusheshisteeth_(two)aday.4.My_（eat）habitsareprettygood.5.Youmusteatmorevegetablesandkeep_（health）.6.Therearemany_（different）betweenthetwobooks.7.Thismovieisvery_（interest）8.Mymomwantsme_（drink）milkeveryday.9.Danielusually_(have)meatandvegetablesfordinnernow.10.Howlong_he_（read）Englisheverynight?四、按要求改写下列句子。（10分）1.Myuncleexerciseseverymorning.（就划线部分提问）_youruncleexercise?2.WehaveaChineselessononMonday,Wednesday,ThursdayandFriday.（同义句）WehaveChineselessons_aweek.3.Maryoftenhasacupofteaafterdinner.（否定句）Mary_hasacupofteaafterdinner.4.Mr.ZhangtaughthimEnglishtwoyearsago.(改为一般疑问句)_Mr.Zhang_himEnglishtwoyearsago5.She?often?goes?to?the?movies.?(就划线部分提问)_?_?she?often?_?六、阅读理解Fishandchips,andChinesetake-awayfood(熟食)areverypopularinEngland.Buttheyarelesspopular(不受欢迎)intheUSA.IntheUSA,theyeattake-awayfood,too,likefried(油炸的)chicken.Butthemostpopularkindoftake-awayfoodishamburger.Itlookslikebreadwithmeatinit.Hamburgersaredelicious.Theyareverypopularintheworld.Chinesefoodhasdifferenttastesandisusuallyverydelicious.Itsalsoverypopularintheworld.()1.WhatsthefavoritefoodintheUSA?A.Hamburger.B.Fishandchips.C.Friedchicken.D.Take-awayfood.()2.Whatdoeshamburgerlooklike?A.Itlookslikeamooncake.B.Itlookslikeasausages(香肠).C.Itlookslikebreadwithmeatinit.D.Itlookslikeabanana.()3.Whichfoodhasdifferenttastesandisusuallyverydelicious?A.Englishfood.B.Americanfood.C.Chinesefood.D.Frenchfood.()4.ArefishandchipsandChinesetake-awayfoodverypopularintheUSA?A.Yes,theyare.B.No,theyarent.C.Yes,theywere.D.No,theywerent.()5.Whodoyouthinklikeshamburgersbest?A.Theoldpeople.B.Children.C.Mostofthepeople.D.Nobody七、作文(10分)Tom通常6:30在家吃早饭。以前他喜欢吃快餐，现在他改变了他的饮食。早饭他常常吃些牛奶、面包和鸡蛋。中午12:00，他在学校吃午饭。他常常吃一碗饭、一些肉和一些蔬菜。有时，他吃鱼。在晚上，他常常和家人一些吃晚饭。现在他比以前更健康了。_