高三英语一轮之状语从句.pptx

定义定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。定语或状语，或是整个句子。准确掌握每一个连词的含义准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。是掌握状语从句的关键。同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。状语从句一般分为九大类状语从句一般分为九大类状语从句类别状语从句类别:时间状语从句时间状语从句 地点状语从句地点状语从句 原因状语从句原因状语从句 目的状语从句目的状语从句 结果状语从句结果状语从句 条件状语从句条件状语从句 方式状语从句方式状语从句 比较状语从句比较状语从句 让步状语从句让步状语从句1.时间状语从句：时间状语从句：引导时间状语从句的连词有：引导时间状语从句的连词有：when,while,as,the moment,before,after,till,until,since,as soon as 等。等。请注意请注意 when,while,as 的区别的区别When -当当时候时候,通常指通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。句的动作同时发生。When I opened the window,I saw him come up.When-正在正在的时候，突然的时候，突然。通常主句是进行时或。通常主句是进行时或 be about to 时，在翻译的时候，时，在翻译的时候，when 可以译成没想到或突然。可以译成没想到或突然。I was walking along the street,when I met him.I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in.While-在在期间，往往指期间，往往指一段时间。一段时间。While we were in America,we saw him twice.Strike while the iron is hot.As-一边一边一边一边,随着随着She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.As she grew older,she became more beautiful._ the spring festival drew near,the children become excited.AsAs-当当时，指一个动作时，指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生，从句通紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。常用进行时。As I was going out,it began to rain.I saw Mary as she was going on the bus.The moment-一一就就 =as soon as,immediately,I recognized her the moment I saw her.Not until-直到直到才才He didnt leave the office until he finished the work.=Not until he left the office did he finsh the workBefore-The workers worked long hours for two hours before everything returned to normalHe swallowed the tablets before I could stop him.Get down to studying before it is too late.才还没来得及就趁It was not long before I forgot it all.没有过多久就没有过多久就It is/was/will be before 要过多久才要过多久才Since-自从自从,通常主句用通常主句用现在完成时现在完成时I have here for ten years since I graduated from the university.It is just a week since we arrived here.(It is/has been since是常用是常用句型）句型）As soon as-一一就就Jack went to school as soon as he got well.Ill ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.No sooner than-一一就就No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.no sooner than 用于句首用于句首要求倒装要求倒装Hardly whenScarcely whenOnce you see him,you will never forget him.Once -一旦一旦就就Every time,each time 每次每次whenever 每当每当Each time he came to town,he would visit our school.Whenever we met with difficulties,they came to help us.2.条件状语从句条件状语从句引导状语从句的连接词有引导状语从句的连接词有:If,unless,as long as,in case,provided that,on condition thatIf-如果如果If it snows tomorrow,the flight will be canceled.注注:主从句的动作发生在将来时，主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时则主句用将来时,从句用一般从句用一般现在时。现在时。Unless-如果不如果不,除非除非=if notWe cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight=We cannot get there on time if we dont book the earliest flight.As long as-只要只要We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.As(so)far as-据据所知所知As far as I know,he speaks English very well.As/So far as I know,he is an expert on DNA.In case-假使假使,如果如果The plane cannot take off in case it rains.In case of+n/v-ing In case of fire，you cant not jump out of window.Provided/Providing that 如果如果,有有时省略时省略 thatThe plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.On condition that-条件是条件是He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.3.地点状语从句地点状语从句 地点状语从句只有两个连词地点状语从句只有两个连词:Where,whereverWhere-在在地方地方Put the medicine _you can easily get it.Where there is a will,there is a way.whereWherever-无论哪里无论哪里He follows her wherever she goes.Wherever you are,I will be right there waiting for you.4.原因状语从句原因状语从句 because,as,since,now that,和和considering that,seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示这六个连词都用于表示表示原因表示原因,但在语气上一个比但在语气上一个比一个弱一个弱.Because-因为因为,通常从句放在通常从句放在主句后主句后.-Why you are late?-_ I missed the bus.Its _ I lacked money that I was forced to give up the project.BecausebecauseAs-因为因为,通常放在句首通常放在句首_ he was not in,I left him a note.As he is honest and modest,all his friends like him.AsSince=Now that-既然既然 因语因语气较弱气较弱,常译为既然常译为既然Since everybody has come,we can set off.Since you are going,so will I.considering that-顾及到顾及到 Considering that they are just beginners,they are doing quite a good job.5.结果状语从句结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：引导结果状语从句的连词有：that,so that,sothatsuchthatSo that-太太以至于以至于 so 后面应用形容词或副词后面应用形容词或副词,有时有时省略省略so只用只用thatThe flight scheduled so early that nobody wanted to look on it.So that-因而，以便，为了因而，以便，为了 有时有时so 可以省去可以省去Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.Such that-太太以至以至于于 用法与用法与sothat相同，但相同，但such 后面应用名词。后面应用名词。The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.6.目的状语从句目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的主要连词引导目的状语从句的主要连词有有:that,so that,in order that,for fear that,lestin order that-为了为了,与与so that 相同从句中常常使用一相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：些情态动词，如：can,could,may,might,should等等 School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.for fear that-生怕生怕;为了防止为了防止(某事发生某事发生)He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.Lest-以防万一以防万一The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him.7.比较状语从句比较状语从句 引导比较状语从句的连词有：引导比较状语从句的连词有：Asas,not so(as)as,.than,the more the more.Asas-像像一样一样My grandma told me that her eyesight was as good as 10 years before.as+原级原级+asNot so(as)as-不像不像The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be.The flight was not so/as harmful as the captain predicted.than-比比怎么样，怎么样，用于事物间的比较，用于事物间的比较，more 后后面用形容词或副词面用形容词或副词I personally think that the American movies are _than Chinese ones.(interesting)more interestingThe more,the more-越越 越越The more he listened to that song,the less he enjoyed it.The+比较级比较级+从句，从句，the+比较比较级级+从句从句8.让步状语从句让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词有：引导让步状语从句的连词有：Although,though,as,even if,even though,no matter,however,whatever,while,whetherAlthough,though-虽然虽然 although 和和though 可以互换，但可以互换，但although 常放在句首。常放在句首。Though可以用于倒可以用于倒装。装。Although/though it was raining,the plane managed to take off.Child though/as he was,he did quite well.As-尽管尽管 as 引导让步状语从引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与句时，句子通常倒装。可与though 互换。互换。Busy as he is,he never misses a football match.Hard as she works,she makes little progress.Even if/even though-即使即使Even if/though you dont like your boss,you should do your work.However-不论，不论，however 引导让步状语从句时，句子引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装通常倒装He couldnt get there on time however fast he drove.N o matter(what,when,where,how)-无论（什么，无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样）何时，何地，怎样）The old man wouldnt believe anything no matter _ you said.=The old man whatever you said.whatWhile-尽管尽管While I have sympathy for you,I cant help you.Whether-不管，常与不管，常与or not 连用连用Whether he is good or not,the company decided to send him abroad.9.方式状语从句方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由方式状语从句常由:as,as if,as thoughas-与与 一样一样 Do in Rome as the Romans do.as if,as though-仿佛仿佛,由由as if或或 as though引导的从句中可引导的从句中可用虚拟语气用虚拟语气 She stood at the door as if(=as though)she were waiting forsomeone.