2018高考英语全国卷III真题解析.doc

2018年高考英语全国III卷真题解析第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. 19.15.B. 9.18.C. 9.15.答案是 C。1. What does John find difficult in learning German?A. Pronunciation.B. Vocabulary.C. Grammar.2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and student.3. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. A restaurant.B. A street.C. A dish.5. What does the woman think of her interview?A. It was tough.B. It was interesting.C. It was successful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. When will Judy go to a party?A. On Monday.B. On Tuesday.C. On Wednesday.7. What will Max do next?A. Fly a kite.B. Read a magazine.C. Do his homework.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What does the man suggest doing at first?A. Going to a concert. B. Watching a movie. C. Playing a computer game.9. What do the speakers decide to do? A. Visit Mike.B. Go boating.C. Take a walk.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Which color do cats see better than humans? A. Red.B. Green.C. Blue.11. Why do cats bring dead birds home?A. To eat them in a safe place. B. To show off their hunting skills. C. To make their owners happy.12. How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A. Grateful. B. Humorous.C. Curious.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Who is Macy? A. Eds mother.B. Eds teacher.C. Eds friend.14. How does Ed usually go to kindergarten?A. By car. B. On foot.C. By bus.15. What does Ed enjoy doing at the kindergarten?A. Telling stories. B. Singing songs. C. Playing with others.16. What do the teachers say about Ed?A. Hes clever.B. Hes quiet.C. Hes brave.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. At what age did Emily start learning ballet?A. Five.B. Six.C. Nine.18. Why did Emily move to Toronto?A. To work for a dance school. B. To perform at a dance theater.C. To learn contemporary dance.19. Why did Emily quit dancing?A. She was too old to dance. B. She failed to get a scholarship. C. She lost interest in it.20. How does Emily feel about stopping training?A. Shes pleased. B. Shes regretful. C. Shes upset.听力部分参考答案：15. CABAC 610. BBACC 1115. ABABC 1620. ABCCA试卷导航语篇话题体裁词数难度阅读理解A旅游广告应用文199+67=266易阅读理解B加拿大城市道森市说明文310+115=425中阅读理解C中国著名建筑师王澍夹叙夹议367+105=472难阅读理解D精简主义让生活更快乐议论文306+117=423难阅读七选五舞蹈夹叙夹议119+54=173中完形填空一条来自陌生人的信息记叙文261易语法填空偶遇大猩猩记叙文201中短文改错一次写作课记叙文101中书面表达回信应用文100 中第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（A）Welcome to Holker Hall & GardensVisitor InformationHow to Get to HolkerBy Car: Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere 20 minutes, Kendal 25 minutes, Lancaster 45 minutes, Manchester 1 hour 30 minutes.By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.Opening TimesSunday Friday (closed on Saturday) 11:00am 4:00pm, 30th March 2nd November.Admission ChargesHall & Gardens GardensAdults: 12.00 8.00Groups: 9.00 5.50Special EventsProducers Market 13th AprilJoin us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.Holker GardenFestival 30th MayThe event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.National GardenDay 28th AugustHolker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.Winter Market 8th NovemberThis is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A. 20 minutes. B. 25 minutes. C. 45 minutes. D. 90 minutes.22. How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit Hall & Gardens?A. 12.00. B. 9.00. C. 8.00.D. 5.50.23. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?A. Producers Market.B. Holker Garden Festival. C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market.语篇解读关键词Holker Hall & Garden, Visitor Information, Special Events主旨概要本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了参观霍克庄园和花园的游客须知以及那里举行的特色活动。百科知识Holker Hall霍克庄园始建于16世纪上叶，是卡文迪什家族近四百年以来一直钟爱有加的家族庄园。各处花园总面积一共25英亩，分为林地和花园两部分，此外还有200英亩的自然林地。其内部的花园一直能延伸到湖区群山下的草地，庄园周围没有设置任何围绳或栅栏，人们可以随意尽情参观游览。语言知识重难点词approximate 大约的；event 活动重难点词块in aid of sb 为了帮助某人； the disadvantaged 下层社会； admission charges入场费； a variety of种种长难句分析The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening. 句意为：这次活动为了庆祝它的22周年，展示了最好的园艺，使其成为园艺中最受欢迎的活动之一。making it one of the most popular events in gardening非谓语动词短语作结果状语。写作句型Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks.答案与解析21. D 事实细节题由By car的内容中提到的Approximate travel times: Windermere 20 minutes, Kendal 25 minutes, Lancaster 45 minutes，Manchester 1 hour 30 minutes可知，从曼彻斯特开车到霍克庄园大概要一个半小时，也就是90分钟。22. B 事实细节题由Admission Charges的内容可直接看出团队参观霍克庄园和花园每人是9英镑。23. D 事实细节题由Winter Market的内容Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment可知在Winter Market活动中游客可以观看现场音乐表演。（B） Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness (荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning. An avalanche (雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of DawsonCity its present population is 762.24. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?A. Its business culture. B. Its small population.C. Its geographical position. D. Its favorable climate.25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?A. Two-thirds of them stayed there. B. One out of five people got rich.C. Almost everyone gave up. D. Half of them died.26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?A. They found the city too crowded. B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.C. They were unable to stand the winter. D. They were short of food.27. What is the text mainly about?A. The rise and fall of a city. B.The gold rush in Canada. C.Journeys into the wilderness. D.Tourism in Dawson.语篇解读关键词Dawson, city, town, gold rush, population, develop, grow主旨概要本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加拿大城市道森市的兴衰史。道森市虽然地理位置不占优势，生存环境也比较恶劣，但因为金矿的发现而繁荣起来。然而随着金矿被挖掘一空，人们又都陆续迁离这里，道森市又变成人烟稀少的城市。百科知识道森市（Dawson City）或称道森市镇位于加拿大育空地区。育空地区本是印第安人的传统居住地，当年的淘金浪潮让道森市迅速扩张。目前，道森市主要依靠旅游业和矿业支撑当地经济发展，每年吸引外来游客超过6万人。“淘金文化”是道森旅游业的一个最主要特色。机场、渡轮以及错落有致的小木屋都展示了这个金矿城市昔日的繁华。除了旅游业，矿业如今依旧是道森市不可或缺的支柱产业。语言知识重难点词communication 交通联系; unmapped 地图上未标明的重难点词块be suited to 适合于; the mouth of 的河口，的入海口; boom town 新兴城市; be covered with 被所覆盖; be crowded with 满是; settle down 定居; gold rush 淘金热长难句分析Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. 城市在哪落脚通常都是有充分理由的，比如靠近港口或河流。have a good reason for意为“有充分的理由”。句中being where they are作介词for的宾语，where引导的表语从句作being的表语。For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. 然而，对于那些成功到达道森市的人来说，获得的回报很值得这趟艰难的路程。此句包含一个由who引导的定语从句修饰many，many指许多人。make it to意为“成功到达”。写作句型Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river.But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable.They left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.答案与解析24. C 推理判断题文章首段提到，人们选择居住的城市往往是那些便于交通和贸易的地方，比如靠近港口或河流，接下来便以纽约城为例，指出它就是靠近一个很大的海港，由此可推知，吸引早期居住者的是纽约城的地理位置。25. B 事实细节题根据第二段的Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich可知，第一批去道森市淘金的20 000人中4000人成为了富人，也就是说五分之一的人变成了富人。26. B 事实细节题根据第三段的when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come可知，当听说别的地方有金矿的时候，人们都迅速地离开了道森市。27. A 主旨大意题通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了加拿大城市道森市的兴衰史。道森市虽然地理位置不占优势，生存环境也比较恶劣，但因为金矿的发现而繁荣起来。然而随着金矿被挖掘一空，人们又都陆续迁离这里，道森市又变成人烟稀少的城市，由此过程可看出道森市的大起大落。（C）While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus (校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves (曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素) . Wangs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “That is only evidence that traditions once existed,” he said.“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created,” he said.“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are,” said Wang.The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.28. Wangs winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are _.A. following the latest world trend B. getting international recognitionC. working harder than ever before D. relying on foreign architects29. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?A. Its hilly environment. B. Its large size. C. Its unique style. D. Its diverse functions.30. What made Wangs architectural design a success?A. The mixture of different shapes. B. The balance of East and West.C. The use of popular techniques. D. The harmony of old and new.31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?A. Spread them to the world.B. Preserve them at museums.C. Teach them in universities.D. Recreate them in practice.语篇解读关键词architect, Wang Shu, modern architecture, tradition主旨概要本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，主要介绍了中国著名建筑师王澍的建筑作品实现了传统文化和现代建筑的和谐平衡，获得了国际认可。百科知识1. 普利兹克建筑奖（PritzkerArchitecturePrize）是1979年由杰伊普利兹克和妻子辛蒂发起的，被誉为建筑界的诺贝尔奖。 2012年2月27日，王澍获得了该年度的普利兹克建筑奖。2. 中国美术学院（CAA）象山校区位于杭州转塘镇。校区总体规划十分注重校园整体环境的意境营造和生态环境保护，借鉴中、西方大学校园的发展模式，创造一个功能分区合理，融建筑、空间、园林绿化、自然环境于一体的校园总体布局。语言知识重难点词creation作品；practice实践；recognition认可，褒奖重难点词块refer to as被称作；rise and fall起伏； attract a lot of attention引起很多关注； focus on关注； a deep understanding of对的了解很深刻；combine with 把和相结合长难句分析Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture on February 28. 句意为：在2月28日，49岁的中国建筑师王澍获得了2012年普利兹克建筑奖，该奖项被誉为“建筑界的诺贝尔奖”。句中a 49-year-old Chinese architect是同位语，对Wang Shu 作补充说明；which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture是非限制性定语从句，修饰Pritzker ArchitecturePrize。写作句型The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.Wangs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.答案与解析28. B 推理判断题本题题干意为“王澍获奖意味着中国建筑师”。文章开头提到，当著名的外国建筑师主持建造新的中央电视塔和国家大剧院时，中国建筑师开始努力登上（国际建筑领域的）中心舞台。而王澍获得有 “建筑界的诺贝尔奖”之称的“普利兹克奖”，意味着中国建筑师的努力有了回报，开始获得国际认可。29. C 事实细节题根据第四段句首的主题句“The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.”及本段其他内容可知，中国美术学院象山校区给人留下的最深刻印象是其独特的建筑风格。30D 推理判断题根据文章第六段，1995年“普利兹克建筑奖”获得者Tadao Ando对王澍作品的评价Wangs works show a deep understa