高一英语上册Lesson-4-Christmas知识点总结(北师大版).docx

高一英语上册Lesson 4 Christmas知识点总结（北师大版）高一英语上册Lesson4christmas知识点总结（北师大版）翻译下列词组.在圣诞节期间_2.爆炸，发脾气_3.容忍，忍受_4.关，拐弯，令人讨厌_5.离开某地前往某地_6.超越某人_7.实施，履行，完成_8.使出丑_9.继续做;经营_0.做礼拜_知识探究一.重点单词.awakeadj.)醒着的Hehaslainawakeallnight,thinkingofthem.他躺着一夜没睡着，想着他们。Ilayawakeinhisbed.我醒着躺在床上。2)认识到的,意识到的Theyarefullyawaketothedangersofthesituation.他们充分意识到局势的危险。3)警惕的wemuststayawakeintheirstruggleagainstterrorists.我们必须在与反恐怖分子的斗争中始终保持警惕。拓展：awakevt.)唤醒,使醒过来Thenoiseawokeme.噪音把我惊醒了。2)使觉醒;使意识到Hetriedtoawakeustoasenseofduty.他试图使我们认识到自己的责任。3)唤起,激起NothingcanawakehisinterestinEnglish.什么都无法激起他对这门英语学科的兴趣。awakevi.)醒来Iawokefromasoundsleep.我从酣睡中醒来。2)觉醒;意识到wemustawaketoourresponsibilities.我们一定要认识到自己的职责。3)被唤起,被激起oldmemoriesawokeinmewhenIsawthepicture.我看到这张照片时件件往事涌上心头。awake是表语形容词，在句中一般只作表语或后置定语。用法相同的词还有：alone;alike;aware:asleep等。与awake的常用搭配有：beawaketo注意到，意识到beawake醒着wideawake完全醒着;没有睡意keepsb.awake让某人无法入睡运用：翻译是我们让她意识到错误的时候了。答案：Itstimewemadeherawaketohermistakes.这里的噪音是我无法入睡。答案：Thenoiseheremademeawake.昨晚我在半夜还毫无睡意。答案：Iwaswideawakeatmidnightyesterday.2.eventn.大事，事件;项目Pleasecollectthechiefeventsofthatyear.请收集一下那年的主要大事。拓展：event,accident,incident与affair的区别event一般指发生的或历史上的大事件，也可以指比赛的项目。incident一般指不重要的小事或政治上的事件。accident指偶然发生，出乎意料的事故。affair是个普通名词，可以表示：大事，小事，政治事件，家务小事。运用：用event,accident,incident与affair填空)Thereportdealswiththemostimportant_ofXX.答案：events2)Tenchildrenwerehurtinthecar_.答案：accident3)Aftertheyhadbeenpunished,nobodymentionedthe_again.答案：incident4)Heisntpreparedtodiscusshisfinancial_withpress.答案：affairs3.swallowvt.)吞下,咽下Iswallowedthepillswithacupofwater.我用一杯水吞下了这些药丸。2)淹没,吞没;吞并Thewavesswalloweduphislittleboatyesterday.昨天波浪吞没了他的小船。3)耗尽,用尽Theincreaseinfoodcostsswallowedupourpayincrease.食物花费的增加超出了我们的工资增长。4.)轻信;轻易接受Thegirlisnaiveandwouldswallowanythingyoutellher.那女孩很天真,你跟她讲什么她都相信。5)忍受Themanswallowedtheinsultsandkeptonworking.那人忍受侮辱继续努力。6)压制,抑制Iswallowedherdispleasureandsmiled.我抑制自己的不快,强颜欢笑。7)取消Ihadtoswallowmywordsforthisreason.由于这个我不得不取消前言。拓展：swallowvi.吞下;咽下Shecouldntswallowbecauseofasorethroat.她因嗓子疼而不能吞咽。n.)吞,咽Itookthemedicineatoneswallow.我一口吞下这药。2)一次吞咽之物Thegirltookalongswallowofwine.那女孩喝了一大口酒。swallow燕子coneswallowdoesnotmakeasummer.一燕不成夏。运用：用适当的介词填空Beforeleavingthehotel,hetookaswallow_beer.答案：ofBuyingthehouseswallowed_oursavings.答案：up二.重点词组.whichthingsdoyouthinkwesternpeoplehaveatchristmas?atchristmas在圣诞节期间Atchristmaspeopleoftengoshoppinginthebigsupermarket.在圣诞节期间，人们经常到这个大超市购物。拓展:onchristmaseve在圣诞前夜onchristmasDay在圣诞当天运用：选择填空Peopleinthewestoftenspendmuchmoneybuyingthings_.A.onchristmasEveB.onchristmasDayc.atchristmasD.christmas答案：catchristmas在圣诞节期间onchristmaseve在圣诞前夜onchristmasDay在圣诞当天2.blowup给充气，给打气Heisblowinguphistire.他正在给轮胎打气。拓展:blowup还有“爆炸”“起，发生”“发脾气”“严厉责备某人”“夸大”之意。Themanwaskilledwhenthebarrelofgunpowderblewup.当火药桶爆炸时，那名男子被炸死了。Ahurricaneisblowingup.飓风来了。IamsorryIblewupatyou.很抱歉，我对你发脾气。Heblewherupforhercarelessness.他斥责她因她的粗心。Hisinfluencewasgreatlyblownupbythemedia.媒体夸大了他的影响。运用：选择填空Thepolicestationwas_bytheterrorists.A.blowupB.blownupc.blowndownD.burntdown答案：Bblowup有“爆炸”的意思。3.carryon继续，坚持，经营carryondoingsth相当于goondoingsthTheycarriedondoingtheworkasifnothinghadhappened.他们继续在工作，好像什么都没有发生。拓展:carryonwith继续carryaway搬走，冲走，使失去理智成自制力carryout实施，履行，完成，后常加plan,promise,ordercarryabout/around随身携带运用:选择填空-Itsagoodplan,butwhosgoingto_it?-Tom,Ithink.A.carryoutB.goonc.takeonD.getthrough答案：Acarryout实施，履行，完成，后常加plan,promise,order等。They_doingtheworkdespitethenoise.A.wentonwithB.carriedonc.cameonD.setout答案：Bcarryondoingsth继续做某事。4.putup)建造weputupahousebytheriver.我们在河边建造了一间房子。2)供给.住宿wecanputallofyouupforthenight.我们可以安排你们所有人过夜。拓展：含有put的短语有：putoff推迟Themeetinghasbeenputoff.putup)搭建putupahouse2)抬高putupthepriceofmeat3)提供食宿putsb.upforthenight4)提出putupasolutionputout)灭火Farwaterdoesnotputoutnearfire.远水救不了近火。2)生产putoutcars3)关掉putoutthelightsputon穿上;戴上putdownv.放下,拒绝,镇压,削减,记下,制止,取缔buildup和putup都有建立建设的意思.buildup可以指建立抽象的事物也可以指建立具体的事物.buildupconfidenceinyourself建立自信心confidence就是抽象的事物。buildupaskyscraperhere在这里建设一个摩天大楼。putup多指建设盖起搭起一个具体的事物。putsbdown使出丑putsboff取消安排putsbon让某人听电话putupwithsb容忍，忍受setuphome安家落户运用：翻译下列句子我们得把婚礼延期到九月举行.答案：wevehadtoputourweddingoffuntilSeptember.把玩具玩儿完了以后放进柜子里去.答案：Putyourtoysawayinthecupboard,whenyouvefinishedplaying.他大概喝了半瓶威士忌酒.答案：Hemusthaveputawayhalfabottleofwhiskylastnight.以招待你过夜.答案：.wecanputyouupforthenight.选择填空ANewcinema_whereusedtobeatemple.A.hasputupB.hasbeenputupc.putupD.hasbeenputtingup答案：Bputup“建造”的意思，根据句意应该用被动。_in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUSA.A.BeingfoundedB.Itwasfoundedc.FoundedD.Founding答案：c过去分词短语作状语，放于句首。相当于Becauseitwasfoundedin1636,5.turnoffthelights关掉电灯PleaseturnoffthelightsbecauseIcantsleepwithlightson.请关掉电灯，因为灯开着我睡不着。拓展：turnoff关turnoff拐弯，令人讨厌turnon开水、煤气、电灯，它还有“攻击”之意运用：选择填空Thedogsuddenly_meandbitemeontheleg.A.turnedonB.turntoc.turnedoffD.turnoff答案：Aturnon开水、煤气、电灯，它还有“攻击”之意。6.leavesthforsb为某人留下某物leavesthforsb相当于leavesbsthPleaseleavethecakeforhim.请把这块蛋糕留给他。拓展:leavespforsp离开某地前往某地leavesthto/withsb把某物交托给某人leavesthaside不考虑某人，将某事放置一边leavesbbehind超越某人leavesthoff不把列入，漏掉某物运用：选择填空Heis_Beijing_Shanghaitomorrow.A.leave;forB.leaving;forc.leave;toD.leaving;to答案：Bleavespforsp离开某地前往某地。三.重点句型.whileconj.拓展：表对此的“而，却”Helikesmusic,whilehisbrotherlikessports.表示“尽管，虽然”相当于though/althoughwhiletheyaretwins,theyhavenothingincommon.表时间“当时候”IwasdoingmyhomeworkwhilemymotherwaswatchingTV.表条件的“只要”=aslongas注意：常用在肯定句中。whilethereiswater,thereislife.运用：选择填空_modelingbusinessisbynomeanseasytogetinto,thegoodmodelwillalwaysbeinneed.A.whileB.whenc.AsD.If答案：Awhile表示“尽管，虽然”相当于though/although-Iamgoingtothepostoffice.-_youarethere,youcangetmesomestamps.A.AsB.whilec.BecauseD.If答案：Bwhile表示“当时候”，从句的谓语动用延续性动词。2.with的复合结构with+n+形容词/副词/介词短语/不定式/现在分词/过去分词例如：.Helikestosleepwiththewindowsclosed.2.Heisstandingagainstthewall,withhisheaddown.3.Shecameinwithabookinherhand.4.withalocalguideleadingtheway,wegotthereeasily5.withtheproblemsolved,wewentonsmoothly.6.withherhusbandtohelpher,shewillworkitout.7.Thegirlwithabagonherbackwenthappilytoschool.拓展：运用这一结构必须注意以下几点：with结构在句子中作定语或状语。with结构中一定不用谓语动词形式，因为它不是句子。with结构中的副词是指那些无形容词形成的副词，如on,down,in,out,up,away等。运用：选择填空withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingc.tosettleD.beingsettled答案：A用过去分词表示动作已经完成。7