现在完成时中短暂性动词变延续性动词归纳表.doc

延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有: for+一段时间, 如 ：for 2 years; since从句, 如 since he came here; since+过去时间点名词, 如 since last year, since 5 days ago。例: Hehas livedherefor 6 years.You cankeepthe bookfor 5 days.二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词, 表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 oclock;例:Hedied5 yearsago.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：（考试重点）例： Heleftfive minutesago. = He hasbeen awayforfive minutes.这句话的意思是指他离开的动作是5分钟之前发生的，是过去时。也就是说从他离开到现在已经有五分钟了，这个动作是延续的，要用现在完成时，并且要把原来的短暂性动词改为延续性动词。 一些短暂性动词及相应的延续性动词：arrive（get to /reach） be here (in) begin(start) be ondie be dead come here（back）be here（back）leave be away (from) fall ill(sick, asleep)be ill(sick, asleep)get up be up go/ get out（there） be out（there）finish be over put on wear 或be onopen be open（keep sth. open） join be in或 be a member of+组织机构close be closed go to school be a studentborrow keep buy/get have catch(a cold) have(a cold) get to know knowbegin to study study come to work workmove to live in finish be overcome to be in sit down be seatedmarry be married dress be dressedbecome be