2019年人教版高二英语期末必考知识点大全.doc

人教版高二英语期末必考知识点大全
Unit1 Great scientists

【重点短语】                         
1. put forward    提出
2. draw a conclusion   得出结论
3. be/get under control   在……控制下
be/get out of control   失去控制不能操纵
4. be absorbed in  专心
5. be to blame  应该受责备（用主动形式表示被动）
blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人
6. in addition    也，另外，此外
in addition to 除了...以外(包括在内）
7. link...to... 将…和…连接或联系起来
8. die of    因…而死亡（内因）
die from    因…而死亡（外因）
9. lead to   导致，通向
10. make sense  有意义，说得通
11. apart from   除…之外，此外
12. contribute to  为…作贡献或捐款，导致，有助于
13. be enthusiastic about 对…热情
14. be curious about  对…好奇
15. cure sb. of  illness   治好某人…病
【重点句型】
1. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London – so famous, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.
约翰•斯诺曾经是伦敦一位著名的医生――他的确太负盛名了，所以维多利亚女皇生孩子时都是他去照料，帮助她顺利分娩。
2. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
但当他一想到要帮助患病的普通老百姓，特别是那些得了霍乱的患者时，他就感到很振奋。
3. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.
人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
4. He knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found.
他知道，在找到病源之前，疫情是无法控制的。
5.  He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.
霍乱之所以能致人于死地，当时有两种看法，斯诺对这两种推测都很感兴趣。
6. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。
7. He believed in the second theory but needed to prove he was correct.
他相信第二种说法但是需要证明他是正确的
8. It seemed that the water was to blame.     
看来要归罪于饮用水了。
9. Immediately John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.
约翰•斯诺马上叫宽街上惊惶失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。
10. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其它行星的运动才能说得清楚。
11. But only his new theory could do that.
但只有他的新理论才能作出解释。
Unit2 The United Kingdom

【重点短语】
1. consist of   由…组成
2. divide…into…   把...分成...
3. at war (with…) （与…）交战中
4. break away ( from… ) 挣托（束缚）；脱离
5. educational/legal system  教育/立法制度
6. have a good / bad influence on…  对…有好/坏影响
7. take the place of   代替
8. break down (机器)破坏，损坏；（人）身体出毛病；（计划等）受挫，失败
9. make an error  出错
10. leave out  省去；遗漏；不考虑
11. puzzle over / about 为…烦恼/困扰
12. debate sth. with sb. 与某人讨论、争辩
13. at your convenience 在你方便时候
14. in / with relation to （介）关于……；和……相关
【重点句型】
1. There is no need to debate any more why different words are used to describe the four countries.
对于用来描述这四个国家的词语，现在已经没有争辩的必要了。
2. To their surprise, the three countries found themselves united peacefully instead of by war. 
这三个国家惊奇地发现他们是和平地而没有通过战争联合起来了。
3. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.
如果你想要使你的英国之旅不虚此行，你就必须把眼睛睁得大大的。
4. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London .
由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想在伦敦参观的地点列了一张单子。
5. It looked splendid when first built.  
刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌。
6. What interested her most was the longitude line.  
她最感兴趣的是那条经线。

Unit3 Life in the Future

【重点短语】
1. make a deep/strong impression on sb.  给某人留下深刻印象
impress sb. with sth.= impress sth. on sb.  使人记住某事
2. take up  拿起/占用/接受/开始/从事/继续/选修
speed up   加速
sweep up  打扫 / 横扫 /掠过
use up   用光
come up   过来
eat up  吃光
sit up  熬夜 / 坐正
turn up  出现 / 开大(音/水量)
3. remind sb. of sth. 使某人回想起  某事 /提醒某人某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒人去做某事
remind sb. that…   提醒某人…
4. as a result (of…)   结果
5. suffer from   遭受
6. be similar to   和…相似
7. keep doing sth.   一直做某事
8. the six of us  我们六人（共六人）
9. by/ for /through +( the / a ) lack of… 由于……的缺乏
be lacking  in   缺乏(品质 /特点)
lack for…   缺乏…
10. in no time   很快,立刻
11. on one’s feet （从病痛、挫折中）复原
12. in all directions  四面八方
13. sb. lose / catch sight of…  看不见 / 看见
at first sight  第一眼
at the sight of…  一看见……就……
14. provided A with B   向A提供B
15. plenty of + [u]/[c]    许多
16. be previous to…  早于…
17. compare A with B  把A与B作比较
compare A to B  把A与B作比较，把A比喻作B
18. for health reasons  出于健康原因
19. bend the rules  变通,放宽
20. on earth   究竟，到底
21. be under repair   在维修中
22. search for…   寻找
23. assist sb. in /with sth.= assist sb. in doing sth.= assist sb. to do sth.  帮忙,协助某人去做某事
24. go soft 变软
25. speak in whisper 低声地说
26. be optimistic about…  对…乐观
27. switch on/off  the power  开 /关电源
28.explain to sb. sth.= explain  sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事
29. give off  发出（光/热等）
30. get/be caught in …  被困在…中
31. require sb. to do sth.=require that sb. (should ) do sth.
要求某人做某事
sth. require doing / to be done  某物需要被
32. be supposed to do  应该
33. be equipped with … 装备有…
【重点句型】
1. Think about how many changes there have been in the last one thousand years .
想想近一千年来有多少变化。
2. What problems do you think people in the future will have overcome?
你认为，未来的人将已克服了什么问题？
3.The air seemed thin as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.
空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的气体中剩下的氧气很少。
4. Why not sit down and rest?= Why don’t you sit down and rest?
为什么不坐下休息呢？
5. What three visits would you ask to go on if you were Li Qiang ?
如果你是李强，你想去哪三个地方看看？
6. Neither of these creatures is easy to talk to.
这两种生物都不容易与之交谈。
7. The dimpods have so many arms and legs that you can’t tell which is which.
“丁波兹”有这么多的臂和腿，以致你无法区分哪些是手臂哪些是腿。

Unit4 Making the News

【重点短语】
1. be curious about  对…感到好奇
2. be to do  必将/将要/应该
3. go out on a story  外出采访
4. on one’s own  独自，自己
of one’s own  自己的…
5. concentrate on  集中精力于……
6. be of interest = be interesting  有趣的
7. bring …with …   随身携带
8. have a nose for…  对……非常敏感
9. depend on  依赖，依靠，指望       
10. a trick of the trade  职业诀窍
11. accuse sb. of sth.= charge sb. with sth. 指控某人做某事   
12. so as to do sth.   (句中) 为了……        
13. be supposed to have done  理应当 / 被认为做过某事
14. look forward to (doing) sth.  盼望做某事
15. be eager to do sth. /for sth. 渴望做……/……
16. get the wrong end of the stick  完全搞错了
17. tell the whole truth  说出全部真相
18. ahead of  在……前头
19. set (out)to do/ set about doing 着手做某事
20. pass…on to…  把……传递给……
21. make an appointment with sb.  与某人约会，预约
22. polish the style  润色语言风格
23. be/get absorbed in 专心于，集中精力于
24. in turn  依次，逐个地
25. defend…against…  为某人辩护     
26. note down  记下
27.cover sth.  报道某事
28. interview sb. 采访某人
29. do some research on…  对…做调查
30. work on   从事
31. last of all   最后
32. on purpose  / by accident  故意地 / 偶然,意外地
33. arrange an interview (with sb. )  安排采访
34. stick to  坚持
35. A rather than B   是A而不是B
36. account for  解释

【重点句型】
1. （倒装）Never will ZY forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily.
周阳永不会忘记他在《中国日报》报社当记者的首次任务。
2.（倒装）Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.
3. ( There’s ) No need for a camera !  没必要带相机。
4．（倒装）Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university, so it’s actually of special interest to me.
对摄影我不仅感兴趣，在大学我还专修过摄影，因此，我的确对摄影特别感兴趣。
5．This is how the story goes. 
事情是这样的。   
6．Have you ever had a case where somebody accused your reporters of getting the wrong end  of the stick?
你是否有这样的情况：有人控告你手下的记者的报道完全失实？ 
Unit 5 First aid

【重点短语】
1.  give / offer / do first aid to sb=perform / carry out first aid on sb. 对某人实施急救
2. make a difference  区别，有关系  
3. fall ill  生病
4. get injured / infected / burned 受伤 / 感染 / 烧伤
5.  save one’s life  挽救某人生命
6.  sense of touch  触觉
7. electric shock  触电；电休克
8. take off  脱下；（飞机）起飞
9. squeeze out  榨出；挤出
10. over and over again 反复；多次
11. in place  在适当的位置；适当
12. put one’s hands on  找到
13. present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.赠予/ 给予某人某物
14.  a piece of jewellery   一件珠宝
15. cause / do damage to…  使…受到危害/ 损害
16. a number of +n. (pl. ) 若干；许多
17. stick sth. to…  把...贴在…上

【重点句型】
1. Burns are called first degree, second degree or third degree burns depending on which layers of the skins are burnt.根据皮肤烧伤的层次而有一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。
2. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。
3. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily.
 她躺在前花园的地上，流血不止。
4. There is no doubt that Jon’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.
毫无疑问，是敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士的生命得救了。
5. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference .这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。