人教版高中英语必修2Unit5知识点详解.doc

Unit 5 Music
Part 1. Warming up
1. roll v. 滚动；（使）摇摆 n.卷，团
常用搭配：
roll over 打滚，翻身； roll up 卷起；到达；出现
roll on (时间)流逝 big roll （美）大叠的钞票；巨额
They rolled the logs down the hill into the river.他们把大木头从山上滚下河。
There are rolls of cloth in the shops in our city.我们的城市里有成卷的布匹在商店里（销售）。
I rolled over in bed and couldn’t get to sleep last night.昨天晚上我再床上翻来覆去睡不着。
The years rolled on.岁月流逝。
He rolled up the map.他把地图卷了起来。
2. folk
(1) 民间的 folk song 民歌
(2) 人，人们（集合名词） They are the best folk(s) on earth. 他们是天底下最好的人。
(3) n.(pl.)家属，亲人，（尤指）爸妈 How are your folks? 你爸妈好吗？
3. match
(1) 与。。。。相配；在。。。方面与。。。匹敌=go with
His clothes don’t match/go with his age.他的服饰和年龄不相配。
No one can match him in knowledge of classical music.在古典音乐的知识方面没人能和他相匹敌。
（2）比赛；火柴；相配物
They played a football match against another school.他们与另一所学校进行了一场足球比赛。
4.复习使役动词
make/let/have sb. do sth.让某人做某事
get/cause sb. to do sth.让某人做某事
make oneself done 使某人自己做。。。
Because of my poor English, I am afraid I can’t make myself understood. 由于我英语差，我恐怕被人听不懂我说的话。
be made to do sth.被强迫做某事
Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending
1. Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert,…..?
dream of 梦想
常用结构：
dream of/about (doing) sth. 梦想/见做……
dream a ...dream 做……梦
I dreamt about flying last night. 昨夜我梦见自己在飞翔。
Was it real or did I dream it? 是真的还是我当时在做梦呢?
2. Do you sing karaoke and pretend you are a famous singer…?
pretend vt. 假装；假扮
pretend sth. 伪称某事物(尤用做借口)
pretend to do...假装做……
pretend to be＋n. (adj.) 假装是……
pretend to be doing...假装正在做……
pretend to have done... 假装已做……
pretend that－clause 假装……
[即学即练1](1)He _______________________ yesterday.昨天他假装头疼。
(2)We mustn't _______________________ what we don't know.我们不应不懂装懂。
(3)He _______________________________ when he met a bear.当他遇到熊时就装死。
pretended a headache
pretend to know
pretended to be dead
3.To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.
(1) honest adj. 诚实的
adj.不诚实的 dishonest
n. 忠实 honesty
对…说老实话,对某人以诚相待 be honest with
I will be honest with you.
If you are honest with the others, they will help you a lot.
to be honest 说实在的；实话说
honestly speaking 老实说
be honest about sth. 关于某事对……坦诚
be honest in doing sth. 在做某事方面坦诚
It is honest of sb. to do sth. ……在干……方面诚实
[即学即练7](1)___________________， I don’t agree with you.对你说实话，我不同意你的看法。
(2)It is ________________________ to tell the truth.你讲实话是诚实的。
(3)_________________，I hate the student wearing long hair.说实在的，我讨厌那位留着长发的学生。
To be honest honest of you Honestly speaking
(2)attach vt.&vi. 系上；缚上；附加；连接；认为有(重要性等)
attached adj. 依恋的，留恋的
attachment n. [C]附件[C，U]依恋；眷恋；深爱
常用结构：(to为介词)
attach ...to ...附上；连接；系上；把……归于……
attach oneself to 依附; 参加(党派等)
be attached to 热爱；依恋;附属于
attach to sb./sth.与……有联系，与……有关联
attach importance/significance/value to sth. 认为某事物重要/有意义/有重要价值
eg.I attached a wire to the radio.我在收音机上接了一根金属线。
He’ll attach the label to your luggage.他会把标签系在你的行李上。
How can you attach the blame for this accident to the driver? 你怎么能把这次事故的责任归于司机呢？
This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby.这个医院附属于附近的那所医学院。
[即学即练2](1)She __________ a cheque ____ the order form.她在订货单上附了一张支票。
(2)Don't worry—there are no strings _____________.不用担心——没有附加的条件。
(3)She ____________________________ the regular exercise.她对常规训练极为重视。
(4)No blame __________________ him for the accident.这次事故的责任与他无关。
(5)I am deeply _____________________ this novel.我非常喜欢这部小说。
attached to attached attaches great importance to
attaches to attached to
语境活用——用attach的适当形式完成下面情景
Last week I got a letter from Wang Wei. On the envelope a very pretty stamp. He is studying in a high school to Beijing University. Last term he great importance to outside class activities and to online games. Now he more importance to his lessons.
was attached attached attached was attached attaches
4. But just how do people form a band?
form vt. & vi. 形成；组织；养成；培养n. 形式；表格；形状，外形；状况；精神
form(＝set up) a club 成立俱乐部
form a good habit 养成好习惯
form the habit of＝fall/get into the habit of养成……的习惯
fill in the form 填表格
in the form of 以……的形式
in/out of form 状况良好/不佳
in any form 以任何形式
take the form of… 采取…的形式
form into 使成(某种形状);编成(队、列、组)
This disease takes the form of high fever and sickness.这种病以发烧和呕吐的症状出现。
[即学即练3](1)The footballer's been ________________.这个足球运动员的状态不好。
(2)He is ____________ the application ______.他正在填申请表。
(3)His research ______ the basis of the new book.他的研究成果是这本新书的基础。
(4)The teacher ______ the students ______ a line.老师让学生排成一行。
out of form filling in form formed formed into
语境活用——根据语境翻译form
Recently he has formed ( ) a weight loss club. Many people came to fill in a form ( ) to join it. He advised his members to form ( ) a good eating habit. He also suggested them eating less fat in the form of ( ) meat. He claimed if they exercise regularly and pay attention to their habit of life，they will surely have a good form ( )．
成立 表格 养成，形成 以。。。形式 形体，外形
5.Sometimes they may play to passer-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money….
(1)earn vt. 赚；挣得；获利；赢得；获得
常用结构：
earn one’s living=make a living 谋生
earn money= make money 挣钱
earn a good reputation 赢得一个好名声
That day I discovered that the good name my parents had brought our whole family the respect of our neighbors.
A. earned B. deserved C. given D. used
(2)extra
adj. 额外的，特别的I don’t think he needs any extra help.
adv.特别的，非常的I bought this picture at an extra high price.
6.Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash.
（1）perform vt.&vi 表演；履行；执行
performance n. 履行，执行；表演
performer n. 执行者；表演者
perform one's promise 守信；履行诺言
perform duty 尽职
perform a part in... 在……中扮演角色
perform an experiment 做实验
give/put on a performance 演出
[即学即练5](1)The students will ___________________ next Friday.这些学生下星期五将演出一场歌剧。
(2)The police _________________________ in our society.警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。
(3)You shall _________________________ the way they do.你们要按照他们的方法去做实验。
(4)Our team _______________ in the match.我们队在比赛中表现很出色。
perform an opera perform a vital role
perform the experiment performed well
（2） pay(sb.)in cash 以现金支付
pay(sb.) by cheque/credit 用支票付款/用信用卡付款
7.It was called the Monkees and began as a TV show.
begin/start as 作为。。。开始
begin/start to do/doing sth. 开始做。。。
to begin with 首先，第一（单独使用，作状语）
at the beginning of 在。。。开始
To begin with,we must make a careful plan.首先，我们必须制定一个详细的计划。
注意：begin 和start若用进行时态时，其后跟不定式，不跟动名词。另外，start还有“发动，启动”之意。
It was beginning to rain when I arrived.当我到达时，天开始下雨。
The car won’t start. 这车老是发动不起来。
8. The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.
(1)play jokes/a joke on 戏弄……；和……开玩笑
make a joke/jokes about sb./sth. 关于某人/某事说笑话
play tricks on sb.＝make fun of sb. 和……开玩笑；捉弄某人
laugh at 嘲笑
[即学即练8](1)It's not proper to ____________________ others in public.在公众场所捉弄别人是不恰当的。
(2)She was __________________________ you.她在跟你开玩笑。
(3)Don't ________________________ the handicapped.不要说关于残疾人的笑话。
play jokes on making a joke with make jokes about
(2) be based on 基于…， 以…为根据
base....on 把。。。作为某物的根据/基础
His argument is based on facts.
The writer based his book on a true story.
词汇扩展：
base 基地，基础（指具体）
basis 根据，基础（指抽象）
basic adj.基础的，基本的
9. They put an advertisement in a newspaper looking for rock musicians,..../
looking for rock musicians为现在分词短语作定语修饰advertisement.
（1） 现在分词短语作定语可表示经常性的动作或现在的状态。
There are three types of tiger living in China at present.目前在中国生存着三种虎。
（2） 可表示正在进行的动作或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。
Do you know the man sitting there?你认识坐在那里的那个人吗？
10. As some of these actors could not sing well enough, they had to rely on other musicians to help them.
rely on
(1) 依靠，依赖。rely on one's own efforts 依靠自己的努力
(2)信任，依赖。
rely on/upon sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事
rely on/upon (sb.) doing sth. 相信某人会做某事
rely on/upon it that... 相信……(事情)，指望……
[即学即练9](1)Nowadays we ______ increasingly ______ computers ______ help. 现今我们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。
(2)You can ____________ me ________________ your secret.你尽管相信我一定为你保密。
(3)I ________________________________ early.我指望你早来。
(4)You can __________________________ he will come.你放心 ，他会来的。
rely on for rely on to keep relied on your/you coming
rely upon it that
11.They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.
familiar adj. 熟悉的；常见的；通晓的；亲密的
(1)be familiar with 对……熟悉。其主语通常是指“人”的名词；with后的宾语是主语所通晓的事物。
(2)be familiar to 为……所熟悉。其主语通常是人们所通晓的人或事物， to后的宾语常是指“人”的名词。
即学即练6](1)Are you ______________ the computer software they use?你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件吗？
(2)This nursery rhyme is very ______________ me.我对这首童谣很熟悉。
11.The band broke up about 1970,.....
12．break up 分解；驱散，拆散；打碎；结束；散会；(关系)破裂；停课放假；放假
[即学即练10]写出下列break up的意思。
(1)The ice will break up when the warm weather comes.______________________
(2)The police came and broke up the crowd.________
(3)The meeting broke up at eleven o'clock.__________
(4)Some sentences can break up into clauses.______
(5)Their marriage is breaking up._______________
(6)The classes broke up.
破裂 驱散 结束 分解 破裂 放学
拓展：(1)break away from 脱离
(2)break down （化学上）分解，出毛病，(计划、谈判)失败；(谈话、通讯)中断
(3)break into 闯入
(4)break in 强行进入，插话
(5)break off 打断，折断
(6)break out 爆发，发生(不用于被动语态)
(7)break through 突破
13The first TV show was a big hit.
hit (演出、歌曲等的）成功。
(2012江西南昌二中检测)The song was a 　　　    at once and its recording tape rose to No.1 on the best-seller list.
A.shock　　　B.strike 　　C.hit　　　D.beat
【答案与解析】C　根据句意,此处表示“(演出等方面)成功”,应使用hit。
14. They became even more popular than “The Beatles”in the USA and sold even more records.
even +比较级 It’s even colder than yesterday.
even/much/a lot/far+比较级
The garden is much more beautiful than that one.
Part 3. Learning about Language
1.in addition 此外
in addition to 除…之外
I can’t go with you, as I haven’t finished my homework and I’ll help my sister with her arithmetic.(算术)
John spent most of his time practicing speaking English in addition to his spare time.除了业余时间，约翰把多数时间用来练习讲英语。
即境活用________ the rising birth rate and immigration, the declining death rate also resulted in the population growth.
A．In addition to B．In terms of C．In consequence of D．In spite of
[解析]in addition to 除了……之外。 in terms of 就……而言； in consequence of 结果； in spite of 尽管。[答案]A
2. mix
(1)混合，惨杂
We can sometimes mix business with pleasure.我们有时融工作与享乐与一体。
（2）（指人）交往，相处
Tell them not to mix with doubtful company.告诉他们不要和不三不四的人来往。
3.sort
(1)种类 All sorts of ways have been tried.各种方法都试过了。
（2）整理，分类 He is sorting stamps that he has collected.他正在整理收集的邮票。
（3）弄清楚，解决 Have you sorted out how to get there yet?你已经弄清楚如何去那儿了吗？
相关短语
look out 当心;pick out 挑选出;sell out 卖光;put out 扑灭;wear out 穿坏;carry out 执行;
take out 取出;try out 试试;find out 查明;go out 外出;熄灭; cut out删除
(2012济南一中月考) I think we’ve  our difficulties with the printer.
A.taken out 　　B.cut out C.worn out 　　D.sorted out
【答案与解析】D　考查动词短语辨析。此处sort out意为“处理;解决”。
4. 复习介词+关系代词
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，是学习定语从句的难点之一，是高考命题的重要考点常使用的关系代词一般为which, whom, whose,即可以引导限制性，也可以引导非限制性定语从句
【点拨】考生复习备考中需要注意如下几点：
1. 单个介词+关系代词
常用关系代词
whom, which
介词确定方法
1） 依据从句中动词、形容词、名词、介词短语的固定搭配而定；
2） 依据先行词与句中与动词的搭配而定
The two things of which they felt very proud were his marks and hearth.他们引以为自豪的事情是他的成绩和健康
2．复杂介词+关系代词
常用关系代词
whom, which，whose
常用复杂介词
As a result of, at the back of, because of, in front of
They arrived at a small house, in front of which sat a small boy.他们来到一家农舍，前边坐着一个小男孩
I saw a man, on the head of whom stood a bird.我看到一个人，他头上站着一只鸟
3. 单个介词+关系代词+名词
常用关系代词
which，whose
介词确定方法
根据介词与关心代词后的名词的搭配习惯用法确定
He lived in London for 3 months, during which time he learned some English.
The driver was the man from whose room she had stolen the maps.
4. the+名词+of+关系代词
常用关系代词
whom, which
意义特点
结构中的名词和后面的关系代词存在所属关系
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase ,the price of which（＝whose price）was very reasonable.
The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days.
5. 部分词汇/结构+of+关系代词
常用关系代词
whom, which
常用词汇/结构
1） all,both,none,neither,either,many,most,few,several,enough,half,some,any,one,two,three
2） 数词（基数词、序数词、百分数、分数）+名词
3） The+形容词最高级/比较级

This is the best way in which he can remember the words.这是他记住单词的最好方法
【典型例题】
1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help.
　　A. that　 B. who　 C. from whom　 D. to whom　
【解析】D 考查介词+关系代词用法。依据turn to sb. for help固定结构，表示“向某人求助”可知答案
2. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _____ was very reasonable.
A. which price　　　　　　 B. its price
C. the price of which D. the price of whose
【解析】C 考查the+名词+of+关系代词的用法。按照“the+名词+of+关系代词”结构排除。he price of which＝whose price=of which the price。
3.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _______ the sailing time was 226 days.
　 A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which
【解析】A 考查介词+关系代词的用法。关系代词which指代the journey, 定语从句恢复为独立的句子是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days.
【语法专练】
1. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______
they are being trained.
A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which
2. China’s population is expected to increase to about 1. 5 billion in 2040, after ____ it will start to decline slowly.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
3. I have many friends, some are businessmen.
A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom
4. Bungee jumping is an adventurous sport, popular with young adults, ______courage matters more than strength.
A. whose B. that C. of which D. where
5. A survey was carried out on the death rate of new-born babies in that region, ____were surprising.
A. as results B. which results C. the results of it D. the results of which.
6. The hotel ___you are thinking, Kate, is too dirty, I’m afraid.
A. that B. which C. in which D. of which
7. There is an unpleasant subject ____we might argue for a long time.
A. in which B. with them C. about which D. with it
8. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ____wanted to buy it.
A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom

Part 4. Using Language
1.Not long after Freddy and the band became famous ,they visited Britain on a brief tour.
brief
(1)暂时的，短的，简短的
The chapter is very brief.这个章节很简洁。
（2）摘要，概要
The brief of the text is too simple.这篇课文的摘要太简单了。
in brief 简言之 to be brief 简单地说
2.Freddy was now quite confident when he went into the hall.
confident adj.确信的，有自信的 n. confidence
in confidence 秘密地
show confidence in…对。