FestivalsAroundtheWorld知识点学案人教课标版正式版.doc

Unit1 Festivals Around the World词汇讲义1. take place发生；举行In the meantime, an economic crisis took place.The Olympic Games take place every four years.联想拓展take ones place= take the place of . 代替in place of 代替take the first place 获得第一名易混辨析take place / happen / break out / occurtake place通常表示计划、安排之内的“发生”。happen指事情偶然的发生，常带有未能预见的含义；另外，还有“碰巧”之意。break out指火灾、战争或瘟疫的突然爆发。occur指按计划发生，常指（某想法、某事）出现在某人的头脑中。常见结构:It occurs/occurred to sb. that表示“某人想起某事”。It occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys.It was in the church that their wedding _ (举行).Will you attend the meeting _(代替) me? (就座), please! We are ready to start.Its hard to find a man to (代替) the present manager.Liu Xiang (获得第一名)in the 110m hurdle race. 2. religious adj宗教上的religious beliefs / faithreligious instruction _religious groups / leaders信奉宗教的a deeply religious personHis wife is very religious.religion n.religiously adv.India has always been one of the most religiously diverse countries.3. in memory of=to the memory of 作为对某人的纪念；纪念某人（memory前不加任何冠词）Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people.They will build a monument in memory of the national hero.联想拓展：in honour of 为了纪念；向表示敬意in praise of 歌颂；称赞in favour of 赞同, 支持in charge of 负责in need of 需要；缺少in search of 寻找in possession of 拥有(1)This monument was built the little hero.A. in place of B. in search of C. in memory of D. in need of(2)用由“in+n.+of”构成的短语填空。A monument was set up (纪念) the dead soldiers.He founded the charity (兴办那项慈善事业) _ (怀念) his late wife.If you are (需要) anything, dont hesitate to let me know.In the discussion, I was _(支持) Mr. Li4. belief n. C/U 信任；信仰，信心believe vi.& vt. 相信常用结构：have belief in sth. / sb.对某物/某人的真实性和正确性有信心beyond belief 难以置信in the belief that . 相信It is my belief that . 我相信It is beyond belief thatHe has great belief in his doctor. 他对他的医生无比信赖。She has lost her belief in God.她已不相信上帝。用belief相关短语的适当形式填空。He came to me I could help him. that nuclear weapons are immoral.The cruelty of the murders was .5. dress up 盛装，打扮 (常用于dress up as sb. /dress upin sth.结构)We are supposed to _(打扮成) movie characters for the party. What a novel idea! She _ (穿着) Elizabethan costume for the fancy dress ball. 常用结构：be dressed in 穿着衣服be dressed as 打扮成be well dressed 衣着讲究dress oneself 穿衣，打扮dress sb. 给某人穿衣服get dressed 指动作 in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed6. trick n. C诡计；骗局；谋略；花招One of the problems of old age is that your memory can start to play tricks on you. 窍门，招数，手法Daily practice is the trick in learning a foreign language. He used the old trick of attacking in order to defend himself.The trick is to keep your body still and your arms relaxed.play a trick/tricks on sb.搞恶作剧;诈骗;开玩笑The children played a trick on their teacher on April Fools Day.vt. 哄骗trick someone into doing somethingtrick someone out of somethingHe _ (骗我让我相信) that he was somebody famous.Youre not the first person _ (被骗取) your savings. 联想拓展：play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑 make fun of sb. 取笑某人laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 smile at sb. 向某人微笑make a fool of 愚弄；嘲笑用适当的介词填空。 Tom liked making fun others in public.Its bad manners to laugh the disabled.These boys like playing tricks their teacher.He smiled me when he heard my funny answer.7. gainn. 获得；增加；获利，获得物；收益；利润The baby _ half a pound.He served the public whole heartedly, _ (不顾个人得失). vt. 得到；获得，赢得，增加，增添，到达；（钟、表等）快to gain confidence / strength / experienceFor the first time in her life she gained a clear idea of how vast the world is.My watch gains five minutes a day.The country _（获得独立）ten years ago. Her unusual talent _ (为她赢得) worldwide recognition. vi. 获利，赚钱；得益 (+by/from) ，取得进展；得到改善；增进健康We all gained from the experience. The singer is gaining in popularity.易混辨析：gain / win / get / earn / acquiregain指在斗争，竞争中做出很大努力而“获得”，所得到的东西常具有一定价值。 win含有取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思，意为“赢得”。 get为普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能“得到”。earn意为“赚得”，表示经过艰苦努力所得到的报酬。 acquire意为“获得，取得”，一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。Im new in the job but I have already _ experience.Please me a glass of water.His perseverance him many friends and a gold medal.He up to $50,000 a year by writing stories.After six years study, he hasa good knowledge of English.8. gather vt. 1)收集；召集；使聚集(+together)He is gathering materials for a new book. The kids were gathered together in one room.2)积聚；积蓄This cloth gathers dust. I sat down for a moment to _ (积蓄我的力量). She was still trying to _ (集中思想) when the door opened. Fortunately the short delay gave him time to _ (准备好自己). 3)收拾；摘；采集；收割(+in/up)The girl is gathering flowers. People slowly gathered their belongings and left the hall. I waited while he _(收拾好) his papers.It was late August and the harvest _ (已经被安全收割).4)渐增The sled gathered speed as it moved down the hill. 5)猜想,推测+(that)I gather that he is the one in charge. I _ (从你的信里推断) that youre not enjoying your job_ (据我推测), theres been some kind of problem.6)使皱起She gathered her brows into a frown. 9. awardvt. 授予，奖给(后多接双宾语)；判定award sth (to sb.)award sb. sth (for sth)be awarded sth for sthThe judges awarded both finalists equal points.Medals _ (被授予)the best speakers on the debating team. n. 奖，奖品；奖金接受奖品 _He got the highest award in the contest.易混辨析：award / prize / rewardaward既可作动词也可作名词，指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。 prize为名词，多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。 reward既可作动词也可作名词，指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的赏金、酬金。 He won the award for the best student of the year.A prize was given to the person who had the winning number.He received a medal as a reward for his courage.Three university departments have been _ $600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.A. promoted B. included C. secured D. awarded10. admirevt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕。其后可接人或物作宾语，但不可以接宾语从句作宾语。admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩或羡慕某人They admired our garden.I admire him for his success in business.Arent you going to admire my new house?admiration n.赞美，钦佩；令人赞美的人或物express admiration for sb. 对某人表示钦佩have great admiration for sb. 十分钦佩某人 in admiration of 表示钦佩with/in admiration 心怀钦佩地admirer n. 钦佩者；羡慕者admiring adj 赞赏的，羡慕的Stop looking in the mirror _ (自我欣赏)Visitors to Beijing usually _ (钦佩那里的警察).Our school is widely _ (羡慕) its excellent teaching .11. look forward to 期待某事/做某事(to为介词，后接名词或动名词)We should look forward to the futurity.I am familiar with his work and look forward to hearing his views on literary and artistic creation.She must be looking forward as much to his return as he himself is to her. A. see B. have seen C. seeing D. be seeing用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 The boy hurried forward (see) the world famous oil painting because he had been looking forward to _ (see) it for a long time.The day I had been looking forward to _ (come). I used to _ (get) up late, but now Im used to _(get) up early.12. as thoughas though / as if引导方式状语从句和表语从句：引导方式状语从句She acted as though nothing had happened. 她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。注意:当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语中含有动词be时，可把主语和be一起省略。He looked about as though (he was) in search of something. 他四下张望, 好像在寻找什么。引导表语从句It looks as if its going to rain. 看样子要下雨了。as though和as if从句是用虚拟语气，还是用陈述语气，完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反，或者纯粹是一种假设，通常用虚拟语气；反之，则用陈述语气。The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。The pencil looks as if it (break) with half of it in the glass of water.Li Ming speaks English very well as though he _ (be) an Englishman. It seems as if our team (be) going to win. He talks about pyramids as though he _ (see) them himself.13. permission n. U许可，允许常用结构with/without (ones) permission 得到允许/未经允许ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可give sb. permission to do sth. 允许某人做某事have ones permission 得到某人的同意permit vt. 准许，许可，允许permit sb to do sth 允许某人干某事permit doing sth 允许做某事With your permission, Id like to say a few words.Marys father _ (不会允许她) to stay up late.完成句子。They entered the area _(未经允许).You will need to obtain planning _ (许可证) if you want to extend your house.14. turn up出席(某活动)(常用于口语)；出现；找到；把(收音机等的)音量调大一些；到场Im sure your watch will turn up one of these days.We invited her to dinner but she didnt even bother to turn up.I cant hear the radio very well; could you turn it up a bit?联想拓展：turn against 反对；背叛turn down （音量等）调小；拒绝turn off 关掉turn on 打开；发动turn out 结果是；证明是turn to sb. for help 向某人求助turn away 走开；转过脸去；把打发走turn in 进入；交出；上交turn over 打翻；移交；反复考虑turn into把变成He promised to come yesterday, but he hasnt _ yet. A. turned in B. turned upC. turned on D. turned out用turn相关短语的适当形式填空。Dont worry. The file is sure to .Please _ the television _ a bit, I cant hear it clearly.It that it was Tim who broke the vase.The sad child his mother for comfort.Its half past ten, but he hasnt yet.Its wrong to our motherland.Please the radio a bit; Im doing my homework.15. keep ones word 守信用；履行诺言word意为“诺言”时，是不可数名词，不可以用复数形式，其前面不可以用冠词修饰。You should _ (信守你许下的承诺). You promised you would take the children to camp so you must keep your word.联想拓展：break ones word 食言 get in a word 插嘴 in a/one word=in short总而言之 in other words 换句话说 word for word 逐词have a word with sb.与某人谈话have words with sb. 与某人争吵Word came that .有消息传来16. hold ones breath 屏住呼吸The race was so close that everyone _（屏住呼吸）at the finish. take a deep breath=breathe deeply 深呼吸lose ones breath 喘不过气来out of breath 上气不接下气，喘不过气来After arriving at the top of the mountain, we were all _ (上气不接下气).17. apologizevi. 道歉，认错apologize to sb for (doing) sth 因（做）某事向某人道歉apologize to sb that +从句 向某人道歉You _ (必须向你的老师道歉)for being so rude. I apologized to my mother that I went home late.apology n. 道歉，谢罪make/offer an apology to sb for (doing) sth 因某事向某人道歉accept/refuse an apology 接受/拒绝道歉I must _ (向她道歉) for not going to her party. 18. obviousIt is / was obvious/clear that .= obviously / clearly, .表示“很明显，显而易见”，属于It is / was + adj. / n. /p.p. + that clause 结构。It is necessary / important / natural / strange + that + sb. should do sth. 做某事是有必要的/重要的/自然的、竟然怎样。It is a pity / a shame / no wonder + that + sb. should do 遗憾的是/羞愧的是/难怪某人竟然/应该It is said / reported / announced / expected / . + that .据说/报道/宣布/预计Its suggested / ordered that sb. (should) do建议/要求某人（做）某事Its no harm drinking running water in that area. It was quite clear that they had no desire for peace. _ used to be thought that the earth was square. A. He B. What C. It D. That19. set off 出发；动身；使爆炸What time are you planning to set off tomorrow?The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people.联想拓展:set off for a place 出发到某地set about doing sth.开始(某工作);着手做某事set out 从某地出发上路set out to do sth.开始做某事set sth. up 摆放或竖起某物；创立，建立set sth. aside 将某事物放在一边；（为某目的）节省或保留金钱或时间set down记下、写下用set相关短语的适当形式填空。The new government must finding solutions to the countrys economic problems. The children the fireworks in the yard. She a bit of money every month.They a statue in honour of the national hero.Theyve on a journey round the world.20. remind vt. 提醒；使想起常用结构:remind sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人记住/想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事remind sb. that .提醒某人/使某人想起I reminded Gerald of his promise.Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow.翻译句子:这些照片使我想起我的童年。_请提醒我每天服三次药。_21. harvest n.1) c 收割，收获the corn/potato/grape harvestIt was harvest time.There will be an abundant harvest this year.They were busy getting the harvest in.2) singular （知识等的）收获收获丰富的知识 _We are now reaping the harvest of our hard work last year.v.收割，收获（庄稼、动物、知识成就等）Winter wheat is planted in the fall and harvested in early summer.Timber is still harvested and milled locally.22. celebration n.1) C, often pl. 庆祝会，庆典birthday / wedding celebrations The towns centennial celebrations will begin with a parade. I hope youll join in the Christmas celebrations.2) U, C 庆祝，庆典Her triumph was a cause for celebration. Hes having a party _(庆祝)his 84th birthday.23. starve 1) vi. 饿死；挨饿；渴望，急需要（die / long）The plants _ (急需要水).They got lost in the desert and starved to death.2) vt. 使挨饿，使饿死Shes starving herself trying to lose weight.starvation n. 挨饿；饿死常用结构：starve for sth. 渴望得到starve to do sth. 渴望去做某事starve to death 饿死be starved to death 饿死be starved of极需，缺乏starve sb. into sth./ doing sth.使某人挨饿以迫使其做某事The engine _ (缺油) and wouldnt start. Many people _ death in the earthquake as a result of the delay of the supplies.A. were starved of B. starved to C. were starved D. starved for用starve相关短语的适当形式填空。Thousands of people in Africa.These children are love.The people on the island _fresh water since it hadnt rained for nearly half a year.24. feast n.盛会，宴会a wedding feast a feast of colours a feast for the eyes 大饱眼福the feast of Christmas The evening was a real feast for music lovers.v. (on / upon sth) We sat in the yard feasting on barbecued chicken and beer.feast ones eyes on尽情欣赏(艺术品景色等)25. arrival n1)到达We apologize for the late arrival of the train. There are 120 arrivals and departures every day.2)到达者The first arrivals at the concert got the best seats.early / late / new arrivals Were expecting a new arrival in the family soon.With the arrival of Johns friends, the party became really enjoyable.26. independence n.U独立,自主(from sb/sth)Cuba _（独立于）Spain in 1898.The army is committed to ensuring the independence of the countryHe values his financial independence. She doesnt want to lose her hard