现在进行时和过去进行时讲解和练习题.doc

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现在进行时
一、意义——当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。
时间标志——now，句前的look ,listen
二、构成:be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式
肯定句： 主语 + be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他)
I’m doing my homework now .
否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他.
I’m not doing my homework now.
一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing +其他?
Are you doing your home work now?
Yes, I am . No , I’m not .
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他?
What are you doing now ?
类型
构成
例句
肯定句
主语+be(am/are/is)+doing+...
I am singing.
我正在唱歌。
否定句
主语+be(am/are/is)+not
+doing+...
They aren’t playing games.
他们没有在玩游戏。
一般疑问句
Be(Am/Are/Is)+主语+doing+?
Are you having lunch?
你正在吃午饭嘛？
特殊疑问句
疑问词+be(am/are/is)+主语+doing+....?
Why are you doing?
你为什么哭？

三、现在分词的构成：
(1)一般在动词末尾直接加ing,
(2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing，
如 make →making dance → dancing跳舞 write → writing写 have → having ride → riding 骑come → coming来
(3) 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如： putting running beginning stopping swimming shopping jogging sitting getting forgetting letting
情况
构词方法
例词
一般情况
加-ing
study→studying ask→asking
work→working see→seeing
以不发音的e结尾
去e加-ing
dance→dancing take→taking
move→moving become→becoming
以重读闭音节结末尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母
末位字母双写再加-ing
swim→swimming run→running
beg→begging forget→forgetting
以y结尾的动词
直接加-ing
study→studying play→playing
少数几个以ie结尾的动词
先把ie变为y再加-ing
lie→lying

四、现在进行时的基本用法：
(1) 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。
We are waiting for you.
(2) 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr. Green is writing another novel.
(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)
She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
(3) 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
The leaves are turning red.
It's getting warmer and warmer.
(4) 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
You are always changing your mind.(责备)
(5)表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，如
常与表示将来的时间状语连用，常用的动词有come,go,leave, start, arrive, have 等,
如: He is leaving for Nanjing this evening，他今晚动身去南京。
We are having a holiday next Monday，我们下星期一放假。

五、 不用进行时的动词
1.感官动词不用于进行时态
这些词有see,hear,smell,taste,feel,如：
The cake smells good，那块蛋糕闻起来味道很好。
2.表示感情的动词不用于进行时态
这些词有love,hate,like,fear,prefer，如
I like playing basketball.我喜欢打篮球。
3.表示思考和理解等意义的动词不用于进行时态
这些词有know,understand,wish,hope,forget,remember, need
现在进行时
一、写出下列动词的现在分词。
walk____________run_____________swim_____________make____________
go______________write__________shop______________ sit_______________
have____________sing____________dance_____________put______________
see____________buy____________listen_____________ jump______________
二、用现在进行时完成下列句子。
1. What___________you___________(do)?
2. Look! Someone _________________(dance).
3. What_______he__________ (talk)?
4. He_______________(clean) a car.
5. _______you________________(write) a letter?
6. __________Cindy___________ (jump) in the park?
7. _______you____________(ask) questions?
8. We____________________(play) games now.
9. My father__________________(work) now.
10. He_________________(read) an English book now.
三、用所给的动词的正确形式填空。
1 .What_________you_________(do)now?
2. What _______your mother_____________ (do) now?
3. Look! Three boys______________________(run).
4. Listen! some girls_______________________ (sing) in the classroom.
5. It's nine o'clock. My father_____________________(work) in the office.
6. Where is Mark? He___________________(sit) on the grass.
7. Look, Miss Chen_________________ (play) football.
8 What is our daughter doing? She_____________________(listen) to music.
9. It's 5 o'clock now. We ____________________( have ) supper now.
10. ______he____________(clean) the classroom? No. He isn't. He ______(talk).
四、按要求改写下列的句子。
1.You are doing your homework.(用”I”作主语改写句子)
_________________________________________________
2.She is closing the door now.(改成否定句)
__________________________________________________
3. The birds are singing on the tree.(就划线部分提问)
__________________________________________________
4.They are cleaning the window.(改为一般疑问句)
__________________________________________________
5.Kate is dancing.(对划线部分提问)
__________________________________________________
6.I am riding a bike with my father.(对划线部分提向)
__________________________________________________
7.My mother is cooking the meal.(改为否定句)
__________________________________________________
8. Mary is writing letter to her pen pal.(对划线部分提问)
__________________________________________________
五、将下列句子改成现在进行时。
1. I watch TV.
__________________________________________________
2. Kitty and Ben have lunch at about twelve.
__________________________________________________
3. She works in a hospital.
__________________________________________________
4. What do you do?
__________________________________________________
5. Danny eats an apple.
__________________________________________________

过去进行时
1）概念：过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作
2) 常用的时间状语
this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while....
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
It was raining when they left the station.
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.

一、 过去进行时结构：
过去进行时谓语动词形式由”was/were+动词的现在分词”构成，
如 What were you doing at the time of the meeting?
开会的时候你正在干什么?
Jimmy was watching TV at this time last Monday .
上个星期一的这个时候吉米正在看电视。
否定句则在was/were后加一个not,疑问句将was/were提前则可
如：
He was reading a book at 5:00pm yesterday.
→He was not reading a book at 5:00 yesterday.
→Was he reading a book at 5:00 yesterday?
(Yes, he was./ No, he wasn’t.)
→What was he doing at 5:00 yesterday?

三、过去进行时的句式
类型
构成
例句
肯定句
主语+was/were+doing+其他
He was crying at that time.
他那时正在哭
否定句
主语+was/were+not+doing+其他
They weren’t watering the flowers.那时他们没有在浇花
一般疑问句
Was/Were+主语+doing+其他？
Was he drawing in the park at this time last week?上个星期的这个时候他正在公园里画画儿嘛？
特殊疑问句
疑问句+was/were+主语+doing+其他？
What was he doing at 8:00 pm last night?昨天晚上八点他正在干什么？

二、过去进行时用法：
1. 过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，常和表示过去的状语连用。如：
He was reading a book at 5:00pm yesterday.
2.过去进行时也可以表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作。
He was reading a book from 9 to 5 yesterday.
3.过去进行时与频度副词always forever， continually， constantly等连用时表示过去经常反复的动作，常常带有埋怨、讨厌、赞扬或喜爱等情绪。
⑴My sister was always being late.(表示埋怨)
⑵He was always helping others. (表示赞扬)
4. 过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作
现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样，过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作，常用在间接引语中。
①Lucy arrived in Beijing last Friday. But she was leaving for Hong Kong the next morning. 上周五Lucy到达北京，但第二天早晨就要动身去香港了。
5（1）是说用一般过去时，只表示有过这件事；用过去进行时，则强调动作的连续性。
① I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我写了一封信（信写完了）
I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上午我在写一封信（信不一定写完）
② The children watched TV yesterday evening. 昨天晚上孩子们看了电视。
（强调过去发生了这件事）
The children were watching TV yesterday evening. 昨晚孩子们都在看电视。（强调昨晚看电视这一动作的持续性）
6. 使用过去进行时应注意的几点
(1) 动词hope， wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。如：
I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动?
(4) when作并列连词，表示“(这时)突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如：
I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。
We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。
(5) go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。如：
I was leaving for Wuhan that day. 那天我正要去武汉。
She was coming later. 她随后就来。
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。(过去进行时)
1.----What______________ you_________ (do) at that time last night?
---We____________________ (watch) TV.
2. Mike and I_______________ (play) basketball at that time yesterday afternoon.
3. Jane___________(wait) for me when I________________ (arrive).
4. I first met Lisa three years ago. She____________ (work) at a radio shop at the time.
5. What _________Jim__________(write) when the teacher came in?
6. He_____________(lie) on the ground at nine yesterday evening?
7. When I arrived at his office, he__________________ (speak) on the phone.
8.--Was your father at home yesterday evening?
--Yes, he was. He __________(listen) to the radio at 7 : 00 pm yesterday.
二、单项选择。
( ) 1. Li Lei ________a letter to his friend last night.
A. was writing B. was written
C. will write the party. D. writes
( ) 2.--Hi, Lin Tao. I didn't see you at the party
--Oh, I__________ready for the math exam.
A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got
( ) 3. They ___________a football game from 7 to 9 o'clock last night.
A. were watching B. watch C. watched D. are watching
( )4. What ____________your grandfather this time yesterday?
A. is ; doing B. was ; doing C. did ; do D. does ; do
( )5._____you_______ a meeting at four yesterday afternoon?
A. Were ; having B. Was ; having C. Did ; have D. Do ; have
三、句式转换。
1. Kate was reading books at eight last night?(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答)
-Yes,she_____________.No,she______________.
2. We were having a PE class at four yesterday afternoon. (改为否定句)
We________ ___________a PE class at four yesterday afternoon.
3. He runs in the park.(用at this time yesterday 改写)
He________ __________in the park at this yesterday.
4. They were playing computer games at nine last night.(对划线部分提问)
___________ ____________they ___________at nine last night?
5. I was reading a novel at three yesterday afternoon.(对划线部分提问)
_________ ________ ________reading a novel?

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