无老师托福写作资料大全(高级词汇替换-名人演讲模板-中国特色词汇翻译-可灵活使用的.doc

形容词/副词Important: essential, significant, vital, crucial, profound, play a pushing role, indispensable, requisite, critical, fundamental, primary, elementary, underlying, rudimentary, basically, necessaryAngry: annoyed, cross, displeased, enraged, exasperated, incensed, infuriated, irate, mad (informal), livid (informal), berserk, outraged, resentfulBig: gigantic, massive, colossal, enormous, immense, gargantuan, tremendous, titanic, giant, vast, large, huge, monster, bulky,Good: marvelous, fabulous, gorgeous, spectacular, outstanding, distinguished, remarkable, superb, incredible, unbelievable, out of this world, magnificent, charming, stunning, fantastic, terrific, excellent, great, wonderful, amazing, awesomeMany: numerous, myriad, infinite,Forever (adv): infinity, eternal, timeless, everlasting，undying, endless, changeless, perpetually无老师的iBT新托福金牌五星作文模板词又来啦！Small: minimum, diminutive, minute, petite, wee, undersized, teeny, tiny, little, petite（女子身高娇小）Bad: awful, terrible, dreadful, defective, faulty, imperfect, inadequate, poor, substandard, unsatisfactory, harmful, damaging, deleterious, detrimental, hurtful, ruinous, unhealthy, evil, immoral（此词的意思是“不道德的”，请用于适当场合）Beautiful: charming, charismatic, attractive, gorgeous, pretty, endearing, sweet, adorable, eye-catching, handsome, hot, cute, good-looking, lovable, engagingClever: brilliant, knowledgeable, intellectual, intelligent, excellent, bright, smartHappy: delightful, delectable, elated, glad, overjoyed, pleased, jubilant, merry, joyful,Fast：swift, quick, rapid, speedy, hasty, nippy, like lightning,Hurry (v): hustle, rush, make haste, tear, step on it, dash, get a move on, step on it, scoot.Clear: obvious, apparent, blatant, comprehensible, conspicuous, distinct, evident, manifest, palpable, plain, pronounced, recognizable, transparent, intelligible, lucid, plain, understandable, uninvolved, simple, Easy: simple, effortless, no trouble, painless, plain sailing, uncomplicated, undemanding, unproblematic, a piece of cake (informal), childs play (informal),Dangerous: perilous, breakneck, chancy (informal), hazardous, insecure, precarious, risky, unsafe, vulnerablePersonally：from my personal perspective, as far as I am concerned, from my point of view, from my angle, consider, conceive, perspectiveDirect: bald, basic, frank, naked, plain, sincere, stark, straightforward, candid, forthright, outspoken.Difficult: hard, tricky, complicated, complex, intricate, involved, knotty, perplexing, puzzling, thorny动词Think (that): hold the (opinion/ belief/ position/stand point/idea) that, assume, believe, deem, reckon, argue, maintain, suppose, conceive, insist(坚定认为）, be convinced, to my knowledge,Show: convey, reveal, express, corroborate, justify, imply, verify, clarify, signify, exemplify, illuminate, substantiate, demonstrate, elucidate, denote, characterized as, instruct, display, disclose, indicate, means, explain, give an/a example (reason, explanation) of, bear out, point out, point towardKnow: realize, comprehend, identify, distinguish, discern, notice, perceive, recognize, see, understand, figure out, be acquainted with, be familiar with,Get: acquire, attain, achieve（本词其实很棒，但是只限于艰苦努力后的获得）, obtain, gainSuggest: have a proposal in,Increase: magnify, expand, proliferate, mushroom, improve, enhance, advance无老师的iBT新托福金牌五星作文模板词又来啦！Affect: Impress, inspire, influence, imprint of, impactStop: halt, cease, desist, end, pause, put an end to, quit, refrain, shut down, terminateMake: create, assemble, built, construct, form, manufacture; fore, cause, compel, constrain, drive, impel, induce, oblige, prevail, upon, requireGive: present, award, contribute, deliver, donate, grant, hand over, hand out, provide, supplyBreak：separate, burst, crack, destroy, disintegrate, fracture, fragment, shatter, smash, snapDestroy: ruin, raze, annihilate, crush, demolish, devastate, eradicate, shatter, wipe out, wreck, obliterate, weaken, undermineHappen: occur, come about, come to pass, develop, result, take place, transpire新托福的综合写作分数可以说是由3部分决定的，1 阅读能力 2 听力能力 3 写作能力。阅读能力基本上被中国考生忽略。因此是听力能力和写作能力是制约新托福考试的综合作文的关键因素，这两个部分，请结合手把手教你成为听力达人“和”无老师作文巨讲堂“来解决。除此之外，就是对于这个考试的熟悉程度，今天的这些素材，主要是解决这个问题的。很多考友们，对于新托福综合作文的写法，或者说侧重点不甚清晰。其实很简单，简单来说就是先写阅读为靶子，再写听力攻击之。听力多写，阅读少写，莫不如此。因此接下来涉及的就是怎样去连接文章的问题，或者说如何把文章整合起来。下面的资料都是无老师按照此理念搜集和整合起来的，而且一并奉上的还有搜集来的高分作文一篇，敬请笑纳_观点的表达think/ claim/discuss/say/ insist/ argue/ contend/ state/demonstrate / mention/ indicate / believehold the opinion that / hold the position that/ present the opinion that/ focus on sth,/ deal with sth./ concentrate on sth. / raise the issue that/ make the point that/ holdAccording to the professor/表达相反关系的词和短语refute/challenge/doubt/deny/ rebut/contradict/ oppose/ jeopardize/ underminediffer from/ cast doubt on/ object to/ disagree with/ depart frombe different frombe contradictory / conflicting/ opposing/contrary/ opposite toIn contrast/ on the contraryThe speaker makes the explanation seem less likely表示相反的形容词contradictory, different, conflicting, opposite.表示观点的名词viewpoint/ opinion/ idea/ argument/belief/standpoint表示阅读文章的/reading passage/ writer/author, reading material, writing听力文章的listening/listening passage/ speaker/ lecture/ lecturer/talk/ listening material一并附上的，还有高分范例作文一篇，供各位考友慢慢品评_The reading states that assembling a group of people in a team is the best way to approach certain new projects. However, the professers lecture casts doubts on the reading by giving detailed examples about the penomena in a company.The first doubt is that people in teams do not get what they deserve. According to the professor, there are “free riders” in every team and these people can still benefit from the recognition the team gets. In contrast, those who make real contributions are not recognized, as the success goes to the group as a whole. These differ from the readings statement, that is, members of the team usually have chances to be recognized as highly significant.Another key point made by the professor is that teams do not move very quickly because they are hard to reach consensus, especially they need a lot of meetings to reach an agreement. Instead, the reading mentioned that, teams move quickly. To be specific, teams have wider range of knowledge, expertise and skills. These two points, if compared, are whole against each other.Moreover, the professor argues that influencers are sometimes too influential over what the group do. The group may drop the plans which should be discussed deeper and turn to the so called “highly created” plans made by the influencers. Additionally, when these influencers make mistakes, the whole team is to be blamed.In conclusion, the doubts casted above demonstrate that the readings opinion “teams are more risky and creative” is suspicious for us to believe according to the lecture of the professor.托福作文难写啊！其难度之高难于上青天！一方面是因为中国考生根本就没有学过地道的英语表达，因此写出来的内容智能全都是用语法拼凑起来的chinglish。另一方面则是因为中国社会本身有一些独有的东西，比如说“上火”excessive internal heat，这是任何一个外国人都会津津乐道的话题，“上火”是一个非常中国的概念，你会发现在认识中国人之前，外国人根本就不知道什么是上火，因此在鬼佬看来，“上火”是一个所有中国人都懂，但是所与外国人都不懂的有趣的概念。诸如此类的还有非常多，比如说“冰糖葫芦”、“豆腐脑”，都是中国所独有的。因为这些词汇在英语里根本就不曾提及，因此中国学生就会发现，当自己写作中涉及到这些词汇的时候，往往是无从下笔，因为根本就没用英语表达过。今天，无老师分享的这篇文章,就是专门搜集了，那些中国有关报纸的对于这些中国专有名词的官方翻译方法，挑一些自己用得到的表达，从此寻找地道表达不用再东奔西走。_1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses）八卦 trigram阴、阳 yin, yang道 Dao（cf. logo）江湖（世界） the jianghu World （the traits world）e.g. You cant control everything in a traits world. (人在江湖，身不由己)道 Daoism（Taoism）上火 excessive internal heat儒学 Confucianism红学（红楼梦研究） redology世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on 合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge铁交椅 iron (lifetime) posts; guaranteed leading post脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline2 、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）国庆节 National Day中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival春节 Spring Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival儿童节 Childrens Day端午节 Dragon Boat Festival妇女节 Womens Day泼水节 Water-Splashing Day教师节 Teachers Day五四青年节 Youth Day3、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods）馄饨 wonton锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls套餐 set meal盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu米粉 rice noodles冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)火锅 chafing dish八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝 glass noodles豆腐脑 jellied bean curd4 、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）中国电信 China Telecom中国移动 China Mobile十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网 Chinanet三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project希望工程 Project Hope京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程 Decent-Life Project安居工程 Economy Housing Project扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发 Go-West Campaign5 、特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗 Zen Buddhism禅 dhyana; dhgaya混沌 chaos道 Daosim, the way and its power无常 anity五行说 Theory of Five Elements无我 anatman坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation空 sunyata虚无 nothingness双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)小品 witty skits相声 cross-talk噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt夜猫子 night people; night-owls本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）还愿 redeem a wish (vows)6 、具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国 Mainland China红色中国 socialist China四化 Four Modernizations终生职业 job-for-life铁饭碗 iron rice bowl大锅饭 communal pot关系户 closely-related units外出打工人员 migrant workers关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment7 、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）宣纸 rice paper衙门 yamen叩头 kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼 pailou；pai-loo武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫 kungfu ；kung fu中庸 the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）中和 harmony (zhonghe)孝顺 to show filial obedience孝子 dutiful son家长 family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文 eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in ones old age8、 近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督 grass-roots supervision基础税率 base tariff level婚介所 matrimonial agency婚外恋 extramarital love婚纱摄影 bride photo黑心棉 shoddy cotton机器阅卷 machine scoring即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development价格听证会 public price hearings家政服务 household management service加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帐 accounting fraud叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel矫情 use lame arguments渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence借调 temporarily transfer扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption现在的新托福考试作文的标准之中一个很重要的评判标准，就是看你对于词汇的驾驭能力，这里的“驾驭”指的不是你的单词量有多大，而是你的词汇用的有多么的准确，用的有多么的准确。这种准确就像是东北人听到了“俺们”，北京人听到了“有范！”，上海人听到了“晓得伐?”,广东人听到了”点解“。今天无老师推荐的这些词汇，就是非常地道的美国人在生活中常用的词汇，当你把这些词汇融入你的作文之中的时候，那么你的作文立即会给人一种亲切的感觉，这种亲切的感觉，就是美国人要找的高分的感觉！熟背，并且最关键的是运用这60个小词，会让你的作文整体提升一个巨大的层次！请注意，等号前面的是实际使用的，等号后面的是你原来用的单词。aid=assist(帮助，援助)alter=change or modify(改变)ask=inquire(询问)assail=denounce(谴责)axe=dismissreduce(解雇，减少)balk=impede(阻碍)ban=prohibit or forbid(禁止)bar=prevent(防止，阻止)bare=expose or reveal(暴露，揭露)blast=explode(爆炸)begin=commence(开始)bid=attempt(努力)bilk=cheat(欺骗)bolt=desert or abandon(放弃)boost=increase(增加，提高)check=examine(检查)claim=ause the death of(夺去的生命)clash=disagree strong1y(发生分歧，争议)curb=control or restrict(控制)dip=decIlne or decrease(下降) ease=lessen(减轻，缓和)end=terminate(结束，中止)flay=criticize(批评)flout=insult(侮辱)foil=prevent from(阻止，防止)grill = investigate(调查)gut=destroy(摧毁)head=direct(率领)hold=arrest(逮捕)laud=praise(赞扬)lop=diminish(下降，减少)map=work out(制订)mark=celebrate(庆祝)name=appointnominate(命名，提名)moot=discuss(讨论)mull=consider(考虑)nab=arrest(逮捕)nip=defeat(击败)ease=lessen(减轻，缓和)end=terminate(结束，中止)flay=criticize(批评)flout=insult(侮辱)foil=prevent from(阻止，防止)grill = investigate(调查)gut=destroy(摧毁)head=direct(率领)hold=arrest(逮捕)laud=praise(赞扬)lop=diminish(下降，减少)map=work out(制订)mark=celebrate(庆祝)name=appointnominate(命名，提名)moot=discuss(讨论)mull=consider(考虑)nab=arrest(逮捕)nip=defeat(击败)slay=murder(谋杀)soar=skyrocket(急剧上升)spur=encourage(激励，鞭策)swap=exchange(交流，交换)sway=influence(影响)trim=reduce(削减)vie=compete(竞争)vow=determine(决心，发誓)weigh=consider(考虑)自从大学开始，英语就成了每一个人的必修课。但是与高中不同，在大学一部分学会了荒废，一部分人学会了执着。但是不管你是要荒废还是要执着，每个人都必须看一眼头上的达摩克利斯之剑大学四六级考试。虽然现在很多大学对于四六级已经没有了硬性要求，但是学习的最终目的还是为了就业，当就业单位还在拿着这把宝剑的时候，每个人就还只能转过身去，去找解决四六级考试的方法。不知何时，“模板”这个词进入到了我们的眼帘。太中国风！太分数至上了！而一个优秀的模板，考友们会想：不用担心老师会给我们的。这个时候太多的人实在是太相信众多教育机构老师的精力了，别说每一个人做一个新模板，哪怕是每一个班级做一个新的模板都是不可能的，原因很简单：没那个时间！那么我们就只有求助于网络了，但是网络的传播性实在是太广了！一个模板刚刚出现，有可能明天就有100个人在用了，你想想当考官看到100个人写出来的作文都用同样的开头的时候，他将会是什么情景_当然这里指的是国外的考官。国内的考官看到的时候可是很爽的，太棒了！又造出来一帮一模一样的学生，加分点明确，可以给分了！_当面对重重阻力的时候，很多人不禁产生了怀疑。我们是否应该使用模板？使用模板是否会导致低分？我们到底该用什么模板？其实答案很简单，模板应该用，必须用，大胆用！但是有一个十分重要的前提性条件，那就是模板一定是要原创的！原创的？！开玩笑，我们这辈子从来就没自己思考过，一直都是老师喂到我们嘴里的！是的，这就是你一直咒骂中国式教育的起点。其实很多满分作文都是使用了模板，但是由于使用的十分之精巧，同时再加上是原创模板，因此连考官也拿他没有办法，人家写的就是棒吗！OK，先来看两段例子！第一段是不好的例子，第二段是好的例子。Nowadays, thanks to the development of Internet, we are exposed to a vast ocean of information. Some argue that so much information brings a great benefit to our life and study. But for me, the experience with surfing Internet leads me to believe that accessing much information cause more problems than it solves.Perhaps no issue in this world is as significance to students as education. Despite various responses people may have on the topic concerning the issue regarding which thing should the education aim at. I, given the chance, prefer to endorse that preparing for careers should have primary consideration.作为阅文无数的无老师，当看到第一篇文章的时候，已经没有了当初得的兴奋，因为这样的文章实在是太常见了！首先Nowadays这个单词是被无数老师推崇的“高级”单词-_-！无老师一直无法理解，为什么