第4讲：Unit4Savethetrees(含参考答案).doc

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初中英语教学辅导讲义

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上 课 时 间

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课题名称
第四讲：Unit 4 Save the trees
教学
目标
知识点：现在进行时
考点: 1. 考察单词形式转换和短语运用；
2. 现在进行时运用及不能用于进行时态的动词。
能力：1. 学习并掌握本单元语法点：现在进行时；
2. 能够正确运用所学词汇；
3. 阅读完型能力训练。
方法： 讲练结合

Step 1 Homework Checking
l 作业讲评；
l 词汇短语听写：单词得分 短语得分
l 上节课知识点回顾。

Step 2 Warming-up
英语谚语
1. Time is money. 时间是金，其值无价。
2. Time is a file that wears and makes no noise. 光阴如锉，细磨无声。
3. Time stays not the fool’s leisure. 时间不等闲逛的傻瓜。
4. Time flies like an arrow, and time lost never returns.
光阴似箭，一去不返。
5. Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不待人。

Step 3 Phonetic Symbols
语音基础小练习：
/ sk /
/ st /
/ sm /
/ pl /
/ kw /
/ sp /
/ sl /

/ pr /
/ tw /

选出下列每组单词的划线部分发音与其他三项不同的一项。
( ) 1.
A. speak
B. sport
C. special
D. stand
( ) 2.
A. snow
B. small
C. smile
D. smoke
( ) 3.
A. plane
B. play
C. practice
D. please
( ) 4.
A. twenty
B. two
C. twelve
D. between
( ) 5.
A. first
B. star
C. stop
D. shop
keys: DACBD

Step 4 Language Learning
Unit Four Save the trees
单词归纳
n.
pine, branch, root, example, gas, oxygen, furniture, disease, hole, container
v.
save, discuss, fight (fought), produce, imagine, dig (dug), carry
adj.
harmful, major, convenient
prep.
against

【单词重点讲解】
1. save v. 拯救
e.g. He saved my life. 他救了我的命。
【拓展】
save v. 储蓄；节省 （反义词：waste浪费）
save money 攒钱 save water 节约用水
e.g. She saved money for many years. 她存了许多年的钱。
We should save water. 我们应该节约用水。

2. furniture n. 家具
【解析】
furniture为集合名词，当单数使用，没有复数形式。
“一件家具”：a piece of furniture
e.g. All the furniture in this shop is from Europe. 所有这家店里的家具都是从欧洲进口的。

3. against prep. 反对
【解析】
against为介词，不要把它当动词用
She against the idea. 【误】
She is against the idea. 【正】
【词义拓展】
against prep. 靠着，倚着
e.g. Put the bed against the wall. 把这张床靠墙放。

4. harmful adj. 有害的
e.g. They take in harmful gases from the air. 它们吸收空气中的有害气体。
【词组搭配】
be harmful to … 对……有害 = do harm to … = be bad for …
【词汇拓展】
harm n. 伤害, 害处 v. 伤害; 损害
harmless adj. 无害处的, 无恶意的, 无辜的
【典型例题】
中译英
看太多电视对你的眼睛有害。

keys: Watching too much TV is harmful to your eyes.

5. imagine v. 想象；设想
e.g. I can’t imagine a world without trees. 我无法想象一个没有树的世界。
【解析】
（1）imagine + 名词 / 代词
e.g. Can you imagine the situation there? 你可以想象那儿的情况吗？
（2）imagine + 动名词
e.g. Can you imagine Tom riding a bike? 你会想到Tom骑自行车吗？
（3）imagine + that从句
e.g. Can you imagine that Charlie is the thief? 你能想到Charlie是小偷吗？
（4）imagine + 宾语（+ to be）+ 名词 / 形容词 / 介词短语
e.g. Don’t imagine yourself ( to be ) always correct. 不要以为自己总是对的。
Imagine yourself ( to be) in his place. 设想你处在他的境地。
【词汇拓展】
imagination n. 想象力
e.g. She has a good imagination. 她的想象力很好。
【典型例题】
1. 你能想象没有水的世界吗？

2. 首字母填空。
He can’t i that, because his i is so poor.
keys: 1. Can you imagine a world without water?
2. imagine, imagination

6. fight v. 与……作斗争（过去式fought ）
e.g. They help fight against pollution. 他们帮助抵制污染。
【词汇拓展】
fighter n. 斗士，战士，好战者
【词组搭配】
fight against… 反对，与……作斗争，对抗
fight with… 与……打架
fight for… 为……斗争，为……奋斗
【典型例题】
选用上词填空。
1. They were good friends, but sometimes they each other.
2. We should pollution so that we may have a clean world.
3. As a young man, we must our future.
keys: 1. fought with 2. fight against 3. fight for

短语归纳
Reading
Listening
know (more) about 了解（更多）关于
in many ways 在许多方面
make…more convenient 使……更方便
take in 吸收
produce…for… 为……生产……
keep the air cool and clean 保持空气凉爽干净
air pollution 空气污染
come from 来自
for example 例如
in fact （补充细节）确切地说
get…from… 从……获得……
look around 环顾四周
a lot of furniture 许多家具
(be) made of 由……制成
in our daily lives 在我们的日常生活中
cut down 砍伐，砍倒
millions of 大量的；数以百万计的
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
(be) good for 对……有用，有好处
in difficult environments 在恶劣的环境里
use…to do… 用……去做……
fight against 与……作斗争
Grammar ~ More Practice
thousands of 数以千计的
living things 生物
because of 由于……
the number of ……的数量
do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事
be in danger 处于危险之中
as a result 结果，因此
the habit of… ……的习惯
according to 依据，根据
such as 例如
the importance of ……的重要性

【短语重点讲解】
1. in many ways 在许多方面
e.g. They help us in many ways. 他们在很多方面帮助我们。
【短语拓展】
1. in ...way “以……方式”，如in a clever way, in a simple way.
2. in a way “在某种程度上，从某种意义上来说”
3. in this way “这样，用这种方式”
4. on the way to… “在去……的途中”
5. by the way “顺便说说，顺便问一下”
【典型例题】
1. 他用一种简单的方法解决了那道难题。
He solved the difficult problem .
2. Tom在很多方面都是位了不起的人。
Tom is a big man .
3. 我爸爸在去上班的路上。
My father is to work.
4. 顺便问一下厕所在哪？
, where is the toilet?
5. 在某个层面她是对的。
She is right .
keys: 1. in an easy way 2. in many ways 3. on his way 4. By the way 5. in a way

2. keep the air cool and clean 保持空气清爽洁净
e.g. They keep the air cool and clean. 他们保持着空气的清爽与洁净。
【解析】
1. keep sb. / sth. + adj. “使（某人或某物）保持……”
2. make sb. / sth. + adj. “使（某人或某物）……”
【拓展】
1. keep …… doing sth. “使（某人或某物）保持做……”
2. make …… do sth. “使（某人或某物）做……”
【典型例题】
( ) 1. Don’t be late, or you will make you teacher .
A. to angry B. angry C. angrily D. be angry
( ) 2. I’m sorry for keeping you .
A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. waited
( ) 3. We should keep our classroom .
A. cleaning B. clean C. cleanly D. cleaned
( ) 4. Her parents made her some housework last Sunday.
A. to do B. do C. does D. doing
keys: 1~4 BCBB

3. be made of 由……制成
e.g. A lot of furniture is made of wood. 许多家具是由木材制成的。
【辨析】
be made of… 可以看出原材料
由……制成
be made from… 看不出原材料
e.g. The table is made of wood. 这张桌子是由木材制成的。
Paper is made from trees. 纸张是有树木制成的。
【拓展】
be made by… 由（谁）制造
be made in… 在（某地）生产或制造
be made up of… 由……构成（一般是多种构成）
be made into… 被制成为……
【典型例题】
( ) 1. The old bridge is made stone.
A. of B. from C. in D. up of
( ) 2. The machine was made Uncle Zhang.
A. of B. from C. up of D. by
( ) 3. This kind of drink is made apple.
A. of B. from C. in D. into
( ) 4. The team is made 19 students and a teacher.
A. of B. from C. in D. up of
( ) 5. This bike is made Shanghai.
A. of B. from C. in D. by
( ) 6. This piece of wood will be made a small bench.
A. of B. from C. in D. into
keys: 1~6 ADBDCD

4. millions of 数以百万计的……
e.g. But we cut down millions of trees every year. 但我们每年都砍下了数以百万计的树木。
【解析】
1. 后接名词，表示概数，如millions of trees；
2. 当million 前面出现具体数字时，如two, 应表达为 two million trees.（注意单位不能加s）
e.g. Millions of tourists visit Guangzhou every year. 每年都有数以百万计的游客来广州游玩。
【举一反三】
hundreds of 数以百计的……
thousands of 数以千计的……
billions of 数以亿计的……
（注意单位hundred, thousand, billion和million一样，跟数字连用时，不能加s）
【典型例题】
( ) 1. ---There are ________ people here in our city.
---Actually, there are ______ people here in our city.
A. millions of; three million B. millions of; three millions
C. millions of; three million of D. million of, three millions of
( ) 2. The sky tonight is really beautiful. You can see ______ stars smiling to you.
A. 3 thousands B. 3 thousand of C. 3 thousand of D. thousands of
keys: AD

5. the number of… ……的数量
e.g. As a result, the number of kinds animals, birds, insects and trees in the world is decreasing.
因此，世界上动物，鸟类及树木的种类数量在不断减少。
【辨析】
the number of… ……的数量（谓语动词用单数）
a number of… 一些，许多（后跟可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数）
e.g. Here are a number of books for you. The number of them is 20.
这里有一些给你的书，数量是20本。

6. do one’s best to do … 尽某人最大努力做……
e.g. We must do our best to protect the Amazon rain forest.
我们必须尽自己最大的努力去保护好亚马逊雨林。
【同义词组】
do one’s best to do… = try one’s best to do … 尽某人最大努力做……
e.g. We should do our best to help the elderly people of no family.
我们应尽力帮助那些无家可归的长者。

7. Because of… 因为……
e.g. Many living things lose their homes because of deforestation.
由于森林砍伐，很多生物都失去了他们的家园。
【辨析】
1. because of + 名词，代词或动名词
e.g He missed the train because of you. 因为你，他错过了火车。
2. because + 句子
e.g. Many living things lose their homes because people keep cutting down trees.
由于人们砍伐森林，很多生物都失去了他们的家园。

【句型讲解】
1. We should stop doing this if we don’t want a world without trees.
如果我们不想要一个没有树木存在的世界，就应该停止这样做。
【要点解析】
1、if “如果”，引导条件状语从句。
2、主句与从句的时态常遵循“主将从现”原则。
即：主句使用一般将来时（也可使用情态动词），从句使用现在时。
e.g. We will/can go to visit Tom if the weather is fine tomorrow.
如果明天天气好的话，我们将（可以）去Tom家拜访。

2. However, people are destroying the area by cutting down many of the trees.
然而，人们正在以滥伐的方式破坏着这片土地。
【要点解析】
1、however表示“然而”，通常有逗号隔开。
2、by doing… 表示“通过......手段或方式”，在句子中充当状语。
e.g. He makes a living by collecting rubbish. 他靠捡垃圾为生。

【课堂基础练习】
一、根据句意及所给的首字母提示写出所缺单词，并注意其形式。
1. They d the problem again and again, but they didn’t have the same idea.
2. Without r , plants can’t live.
3. Tom is a good student. He never f with his classmates.
4. It’s c for us to travel around the world by plane.
5. Cancer (癌症) is a dangerous d . Many people die of it every year.
6. The cat climbed the tree and hid (隐藏) in the b .
7. Can you help me c the desk? It’s very heavy.
8. Leaves take in light and heat from the Sun to produce o .
9. When you plant a tree, d a hole first and then put the tree in it.
10. My father is a famous doctor. He s lots of people’s lives every year.
11. Don’t smoke. It’s h for you to smoke.
12. This is a good e . We can learn from it.

二、根据中文意思，完成下列句子。
1. 根可以吸收水分来保持植物的生命。
Roots can water to keep the plants alive.
2. 我喜欢运动，例如，我每天都去打篮球。
I like sports. , I play basketball every day.
3. 这条项链是由黄金打造的。
The necklace gold.
4. 每年都有数百万游客来参观长城。
visitors come to visit the Great Wall every year.
5. 这种鸟是来自哪里的？
Where this kind of bird ?
6. 工人们正在砍伐被折断的树。
The workers the broken trees.
7. 多吃蔬菜和水果对我们的身体有好处。
Eating more vegetables and fruits our bodies.
8. 事实上，她是一名老师而不是学生。
, he is a teacher not a student.
9. 当你处于危险时，你可以拨打110。
You can call 110 when you are .

三、从方框中选择适当的短语填空，并注意其形式。
fight against, look around, the number of,
because of, millions of, as a result, provide…with…
1. flowers in the park is over ten thousand.
2. Trees always the air pollution.
3. The man often the poor girl some food.
4. I , but found nobody here.
5. of hard work, he passed his exams.
6. I was late for school this morning the heavy rain.
7. Every year, travelers come to visit Guangzhou.
keys:
一、1. discussed 2. roots 3. fights 4. convenient 5. disease
6. branches 7. carry 8. oxygen 9. dig 10. saves 11. harmful 12. example
二、1. take in 2. For example 3. is made of 4. Millions of 5. does, come from
6. are cutting down 7. is good for 8. In fact 9. in danger
三、1. The number of 2. fight against 3. provides, with 4. looked around
5. As a result 6. because of 7. millions of

【语法归纳】
现在进行时
【结构】
肯定句：主语 + be + 现在分词（v-ing）+ 其他.
否定句：主语 + be + not + 现在分词（v-ing）+ 其他.
一般疑问句：be + 主语 + 现在分词（v-ing）+ 其他？
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句？

【动词的现在分词变化规则】
1）一般情况，直接加ing
fly---flying, wait---waiting
2）以不发音e结尾，去e加ing
take---taking, dance---dancing
3）以重读闭音节结尾，双写最后一个字母，再加ing
begin---beginning, dig---digging
4）以ie结尾的，将ie变为y，再加ing
die---dying, tie---tying

【用法归纳】
一、表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作
（常与now, look, listen, at the moment等连用）
e.g. Look! They are reading over there under the tree. 看！他们在那边的树下看书。

二、表示现阶段正在进行，而说话时不一定在进行的动作
（常与these days, this week等连用）
e.g. We are working in a factory these days. 这几天我们在一家工厂工作。

三、现在进行时表将来
（常与come, go, leave, start, arrive, stay等动词连用）
注意：所用动词必须是动作，而不是状态，主语必须是人
e.g. They are leaving for New York tomorrow. 他们明天将要动身前往纽约。
Are you staying here till next week? 你会一直待到下个星期吗？

四、现在进行时与always等副词连用时，带有感情色彩
e.g. He is always arguing with others. 他总是和其他人争吵。

五、用现在进行时表示问候的关切心情
e.g. How are you feeling today?
= How do you feel today? 你今天感觉如何？
Why are you looking so sad?
= Why do you look so sad? 为什么你看起来这么难过的样子呢？

【要点归纳】
1、当句中出现“listen, look, be quiet…”等祈使句时，即强调事物正在进行，需使用现在进行时；另外，与部分时间词“right now, at the moment, now…”搭配时，也常用现在进行时；
2、当对方用现在进行时提问时，通常用现在进行时回答；
3、现在进行时可以表示现阶段一直在发生的动作，常搭配的时间词有“these days, this week…”;
4、现在进行时可表示即将要发生的动作；
5、有些动词一般不可以用于进行时态，如：know, think, hear, find, see, like want, prefer等。
（课本P51）

【课堂练习】
一、请写出下列动词的现在分词形式。
1. read 2. write 3. swim
4. study 5. play 6. die
7. lie 8. run 9. clean
10. have

二、单项选择。
( ) 1.
Look! Tom a book.

A. read
B. reads
C. is read
D. is reading
( ) 2.
you to the music now?

A. Are, listen
B. Do, listening
C. Are, listening
D. Is, listen
( ) 3.
She often her homework at 8:00 p.m.
Now, it is eight o’clock. She her homework.

A. do, is doing
B. does, is doing
C. did, does
D. does, does
( ) 4.
Lucy drawing very much.

A. like B. likes
C. is liking D. is like
( ) 5.
---What you ?
---I’m studying English.

A. are, doing
B. do, do
C. do, doing
D. are, do
( ) 6.
Sorry! I the answer.

A. don’t know
B. am knowing
C. not know
D. don’t knowing
( ) 7.
---Dinner is ready, Ben.
---OK, Mum. I . Let