2023年雅思口语相关观点汇总.doc

Advertising:
Positive:
Advertising is a key part of modern business.
Companies need to tell customers about their products
Advertisement is a creative industry that employs many people
Without advertising we would have less choice
Without advertising there would be higher unemployment
Advertising is a form of modern art
People enjoy adverts
Negatives:
Advertising manipulates people
It aims to persuade people that buying a product will make them happier
Advertiser focus on selling a brand image
They use glamorous, successful people
We now live in a consumer culture
We are persuaded to follow the latest trend
We are encourage to associate certain brand with higher states
Advertisers often aim their marketing at children
Children can easily be influenced by advertisements
Children put pressure on parents to buy them things
Opinions:
Advertising should be regulated
Advertising aimed at children should be controlled or even banned.
Unhealthy foods should not be marketed in a way that attracts children
Products that can be risk to healthy should display warnings
In some countries it is illegal to advertise cigarettes on television
Warning must be displayed on cigarette packets
However, advertising is necessary in free market economies
It creates demand for products
Governments should only censor false information or products that are harmful

Tourism
Positives:
Tourism is a popular leisure activity
People go on holiday to relax and have fun
Tourists can experience different cultures
They can sunbathe on beaches or go sight-seeing
Travelling abroad opens our minds
We can learn to speak other languages
The tourist trade is vital for some economies
It creates employment in services like accommodation, transport and entertainment
Some areas rely on tourism for their income
Tourists spend money
Tourism attracts investment form multi-national companies
It helps to improve the standard of living
Low-cost airlines are making it cheaper to travel abroad
Negative:
Tourism can have a negative effect on the natural environment
The building of facilities and infrastructure can destroy the habitat of wild animals
Beautiful beaches are spoilt by the building of hotels
Tourism creates pollution and waste
It puts pressure on local resources
Local traditional and cultures may be endangered
A rise in the cost of living affects local people
The price of goods, services and housing may increase significantly
The future of tourism:
Government should introduce laws to protect natural environments and local cultures
Tourism should have a low impact on wildlife
Renewable resources like solar or water power should be used waste should be recycled
Local businesses such as farms should be supported
Traditional vs modern
Losing traditional skills:
Because of industrialization and global trade, many traditions have disappeared
Global advertising encourages everyone to buy the same products
Most products are now made in factories
Machinery has replaced skilled human labor
Factory work is boring and leaves people feeling unfulfilled
Goods are produced very quickly and in large numbers
Products are cheaper, which means that more people can buy them
Examples:
Clothes are mass produced in standard sizes
People wear similar clothes, rather than traditional costumes
Jeans and t-shirt are now worn throughout the world
Historic building took skilled craftsmen years to build
Modern concrete, steel and glass buildings are built in only weeks or mouths
There are fewer people who can create hand-made goods
Traditional customs:
Traditional customs are still important during weddings and religious festivals
People wear traditional costumers and eat special foods
It is important to maintain our different cultural identities
We should celebrate festivals, teach traditional skills and protect historic places
Housing and architecture
State/council housing:
In some countries the government provides state or council housing
The helps people who cannot afford to buy their own house
It can be argued that state housing creates dependence on the government
People should be rely on the government to look after them
People have no incentive to earn money and buy their own home.
Council properties are often made with cheap, poor-quality materials.
Old buildings:
Historic buildings are part of a country’s heritage
They should be protected
Old buildings are often considered to be works or art
They give character to cities and attract tourists
They show us how people lived in the past
We identify countries by architectural symbols like the pyramids in Egypt
Governments should spend money on looking after historic buildings
They need regular repairs and maintenance
New buildings should be designed to complement them
Modern/green buildings:
Modern building should be designed to be environmentally friendly
They should use less energy and produce less waste
Modern insulation can make houses more energy-efficient
Solar and wind power can be used to generate electricity
Rainwater and waste water can be recycled used to flush toilets
Modern glass buildings take advantage if natural light
Government and society
What government can do?
Governments provide public services like health care and education
They support people who are living in poverty or unable to work
Governments raise money by taxing working people
They can spend money on resources and campaigns
They can introduce new laws
They can impose taxes
They can raise people’s awareness of issues (eg: climate change/healthy eating)
They can influence people’s habits and opinions
They can create jobs
They can provide resources for schools
They are also responsible for the security and well-being of their citizens
They control armed forces and police forces
Public services:
Governments pay the salaries of public sector workers like police officers and teachers
The necessary money is raised by taxing people’s income
Free education and health care may be provided by the state
Some governments control public transport systems and even TV channels
In other countries, these services are provided by private companies
Some people believe that competition between private companies is good
It helps to improve quality while bringing prices down
Other people think that essential services should be free
Governments should pay for them
Censorship: opinion
Governments can censor what public sees or reads in the media
To a certain extent censorship is necessary
We should use censorship to protect children from violent images
Some computer games involve killing people or committing crimes
The internet also needs to be controlled
Many websites show pornography and violence.
There should be show pornography and violence
There should be age limits for websites and computers games
Parents need to take responsibility for checking what their children watch
It is impossible for government to control everything we see
Video cameras in pubic places
The use of CCTV is becoming widespread
Video cameras have been installed in many public places
They are supposed to protect us and deter criminals
Many people think that this surveillance violates our privacy
The authorities could build databases with our pictures and identities
We should not be treated like criminals
Smart cards: positives
Governments will probably introduce a digital identification card system
They could help benefits and drawbacks
They could help to reduce crime
They could hold personal information, such as DNA
Digital bank cards could contain fingerprint information
It would be very difficult for criminals to use a stolen card
It would be easier for police to identify people and catch criminals
Smart cards: negatives:
Many people are worried about losing their privacy
Governments could store all our personal and medical information
This information could be used by insurance companies
Employers could check our health records
People with disabilities
People with disabilities should be treated the same as everyone else.
They should have the same rights as other people
They should have assess to the same jobs as other citizens
Discrimination against disabled people is illegal in many countries
Ramps and lifts for wheel chairs should be installed in public buildings
Television
Positives:
Watching television is a good way to relax
It is many people’s favorite way to wind down after a hard day at work
Television programs can be entertaining and enjoyable
Viewers have assess to a huge variety of entertainment channels
Television brings the best comedians, musicians and actors into our homes.
Programmers can also be informative and educational.
News coverage makes the public aware of events around the world.
Documentaries can make learning more interesting
Negatives:
Television is having a negative impact on society
Some people link violence on television with crime rates in the real world
Children copy the behavior they see on the screen
Children are less healthy because they spend less time playing
Advertisers direct their marketing at children
Most programs do not require much thought
Watching TV is a waste of time
Opinions about television:
Television has many benefits
However, it can be addictive
Children should play outside rather than sit in front of a screen all day
Behavior shown on TV can influence people
Parents should choose carefully what their children watch
Children should not be exposed to violence, swearing or sexual images
Advertising during children’s programs should be strictly controlled
TV companies should make more positive, educational programs
Positives of the internet:
There are many advantages to using the internet
It gives us instant access to information on almost any subject
Shops and other services are now available online
People can buy goods and services from the comfort of their homes
The internet is starting to replace other forms of entertainment
It has revolutionized communication
We can keep in touch by email or instant messenger services
Video messaging is becoming common for business meetings
Negatives of the internet:
Many websites contain offensive content
Some sites show violent or sexual images
Parents find it difficult to control what their children see online
They do not always know who their children are chatting to
With so many websites it is difficult to search for good information
Criminals increasingly use the internet to steal people’s money.
Internet compared to newspaper and books:
Newspapers and books are now published online as well as in print
We can read the news in any language form any country in the world
It costs nothing to publish or access information on the internet
The internet allows anybody to publish their own writhing
Newspaper articles and books are written by professionals
Professionals produce better quality writing than amateur
People still buy newspaper and books because they are portable
People do not like reading from a screen
Positives of mobile phones
The mobile phone is the most popular gadget in today’s world
Mobile phones have revolutionized the way we communicate
We can stay in touch with family, friends and colleagues wherever we are
Users can send text messages, surf the internet, take photos and listen to music
Mobiles have also become fashion accessories
Negatives of mobile phones:
Mobiles phones can be a problem in some public places
Ringing phones cause disturbance in cinemas and school lessons
Some people are not aware that others can hear their conversations
Mobile phones may also be damage to our brains
Mobile phones can also be a dangerous distraction
Using a phone while driving reduces the driver’s concentration
Mobile phones are a popular target for thieves
Opinion about mobile phones:
The benefits of mobile phones outweigh the drawbacks
We need to use this phone with care
Diet
The human body requires a balance diet
An unhealthy diet can cause various health problems
Obesity, diabetes and heart disease are on the increase
Many people nowadays rely on fast food or pre-prepared meals
These foods often contain too much fat, salt and sugar
They are cheap to buy and very easy to prepare
Many young people have grown up on a diet of convenience foods
Populations in developed countries are increasingly overweight exercise.
Regular exercise is essential in maintaining a healthy body
Exercise burns calories and helps to build healthy hones and muscles
Doctors advise exercising at least three times a week for 20 minutes
Most people nowadays lead a sedentary lifestyle
We tend to walk less and do desk jobs
Most adults relax by watching television
Children play video games rather than doing outdoor sports
In the past, people were more active in their jobs and at home
Government’s role
Governments have a significant role to play in reducing obesity
More and more people, including young children are seriously overweight
They are at risk of heart disease and diabetes
This situation will increase the burden on hospitals and taxpayers.
Hospitals rely on the government for money and resources
Governments should promote a healthy diet and regular exercise
There should be more time for sports on school timetables
Unhealthy junk food should be banned form school menus
People need information about what foods contain
Food packaging must show the food’s nutritional content
The British government recommends eating five portions of fruit and vegetables per day.
State health system: advantages
Good health care should be available to everyone for free
State healthcare is paid by the government using money from taxes
Everyone has access to the same quality of care and treatment
Private healthcare is unfair because only wealthy people can afford it.
The National Health Service in the UK provides free healthcare for every resident.
Private healthcare: advantages
State hospitals are often very large and difficult to run.
Private hospitals have shorter waiting lists for operations and appointments
Patients can benefit from faster treatment
Many people prefer to pay for more a personal service
Patients have their own room and more comfortable facilities.
Alternative medicine: positives
People are increasingly using alternative medicines to treat illnesses.
For example, acupuncture can be used to treat backache
Herbal medicines can be used to treat allergies or viruses
Many parents report positive experiences with these treatments
Some traditional cures have been used for hundreds of years
Alternative medicine: negatives:
Many alternative medicines have not been tested scientifically
They may have no beneficial effect at all
People should trust the opinions of qualified doctors
They may cause unknown side effects
An illness could get worse