高考英语总复习模板典例解析说明文-Word版含解析.doc

模板17 说明文模板01Topic _ is a most effective _to _. For most people, its almost impossible to _. _is really _.With the functions of _,it enables us to _.It can even _. Just imagine, all this can be done with _. A convenient tool can certainly make _, but it doesnt always help _.Too much _.Too many _.Relying too much on _ makes _. 点明要介绍的事物的必要性 介绍该事物对多数人的重要意义 该事物优势或显著特点 该事物的作用 进一步说明该事物的作用 说明该事物的重要性 承上启下，介绍事物的另一方面 该事物的负面影响一 该事物的负面影响二 总结说明过分使用该物品给我们带来的负面影响。模板02说明原因型说明文模板Nowadays, there are more and morein some big cities. It is estimated that_.（用具体数据说明某现象）Why have there been so many? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first reason is that_.（原因一）Besides,_.（原因二）The third reason is_.（原因三）To sum up, the main cause ofis due to_.（指出主要原因）It is high time that something should be done. For one thing,_.（解决建议一）For another thing,. All these measures will certainly_.（解决建议二）模板03描述事物型说明文模板What I have known aboutis that_.（具体描述某事物）Firstly,_.（描述要点一）_.（具体阐述要点一）Secondly,_.（描述要点二）（具体阐述要点二）_. As a college student,_.（结合自身描述要点三）All in all,_.（做出总结）Therefore, we should_.（提出建议）模板04问题解决型说明文模板In recent days, there has been a problem, which is becoming more and more serious.（说明问题及其现状）First,_. Second,_.（进一步阐释现状）We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, _. For another thing, _. Finally, _.（列举解决该问题的方法）Personally, I believe that _/Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because _.（结尾段，指出我的信心及理由）模板05说明利弊题型说明文模板 Nowadays, many people prefer A because it is playing a more and more important role in our daily life. Generally/Generally speaking/On the whole, its advantages can be seen as follows./it has the following advantages. First of all, _ (A的优点之一). Besides,/Whats more, _A的优点之二）. However, every coin has two sides./Everything has both advantages and disadvantages. The negative aspects are also apparent./Its disadvantages are also obvious. One of the important disadvantages is that _ (A的第一个缺点)To make matters worse,/To make the matter worse,/To make things worse/Whats worse, _(A的第二个缺点) Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones./The above analysis shows us that it has more advantages than disadvantages. Therefore, I would like to _ (我的看法) (From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only in this way can we_(对前景的预测)1简要说明图表内容的句型：从图表可以看出Thetable/chartshowsthatAscanbeseenfromthechartFromthetable/chart/formswecanseeThetabletellsusthat2表示变化/比较的句型：Therewasagreat/slightincrease/riseinTherehasbeenasudden/slow/rapidfall/dropinItis20%lower/higherthanThenumber/ratehasnearlydoubled,asagainstthatoflastyear.ThenumberistimesasmuchasthatofItincreases/rises/decreases/reducesby times/ percent/2/3.3说明原因的句型：ThereasonforisthatOnemaythinkofthechangeasaresultofThechangeinlargelyresultsfromthefactthatThereareseveralcausesforthissignificantgrowthinFirstThisbringsouttheimportantfacttha4结尾句型：Insummary,itisimportant.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaydrawtheconclusionthat Obviously,ifwewantto,itisnecessary.Thereisnodoubtthatattentionmustbepaid典例01 (2016四川)某中学生英文报正举办The Season I Like Best的征文活动，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，内容应包括：1. 你最喜欢的季节；2. 你喜欢该季节的两条理由(如：气候、景色、活动、感受)。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 题目已为你写好；3. 行文连贯，语篇完整；4. 文中不得透露个人真实信息。_【思路点拨】以我最喜欢的季节为题写一篇文章，属于提纲作文中的介绍事物类型。学生看似没写过、练过，但实则又有话可说。真正的难点在于对要点的分配和结构的把握：全文需要从陈述最喜欢的季节和给出理由两大方面进行构建，同时还要求在文章开头和结尾适当增加内容。 审题时考生需要注意三点：1. 既然是为征文活动写的短文，那么最好增加标题(题干已给出)，注意和书信类的应用文有所区别。2. 如前所述，内容主体虽然只涉及两个大方面，但陈述两条理由的时候需要有层次地展开：既可以从客观事实和主观感受两方面来写，也可以从季节本身的自然属性和发生在季节中的人文活动入手，这是该作文要求中比较灵活的部分。3. 需要增加文章开头和结尾部分，以保证语篇的完整性和逻辑的通畅性，这是该作文要求中比较开放的部分。这三点，是难点，也是失分点。【参考范文】The Season I Like BestEach of us knows that there are four seasons a year. Different people like different seasons; my favourite season is spring. I love to smell the fragrance of flowers, see the new green trees and hear the singing of small birds. There are many busy butterflies and bees over the flowers. Sometimes it rains, but usually rains quietly. The rain moistens the trees and the flowers. And I can play outside, too! Whether we like riding bikes, jogging or going on long walks, spring allows us to enjoy outdoor activities that we had to put on the back burner during winter. Of course, there are many other reasons to explain why Im so excited about spring. Thank you, spring!【技巧点拨】事物介绍类书面表达属于说明文。说明文是用简洁的文字介绍事物的特性、构造、变化或结果的文章。高考中，说明文常见的话题有：事物介绍、地点描述、方位描写、变化分析和购物指南等。写这类文章需要注意以下几点：1. 首先要审题，弄清需要介绍的内容，把握信息要点。2. 写作内容要条理清楚，层次分明。说明科技方面的内容常用定义法、比较对比法、分类法和因果法等；明自然环境方面的内容常用时空次序法与分类法等。3. 时态常用一般现在时，当然若是介绍其历史，要用一般过去时；语态可能会用到被动语态；若是介绍地点、环境等，要善于运用there be结构。4. 人称多以第三人称为主。典例02学校正在组织科技创新大赛，你想为日常生活中某件物品(如钢笔、书包、鞋子)设计添加新功能来参赛。请以My Magic _为题写一篇英语短文，介绍你的创意。内容：1. 说明设计理由；2. 介绍新功能。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。 【思路点拨】本书面表达是一篇说明文。所给出的题材十分贴近学生生活，学生能够对日常生活中的熟悉的物品适当发挥想象。本书面表达要求写一篇说明文，所给的要点也很清楚：说明学生所选物品的设计理由；介绍此物品的新功能。写作的时候注意以下几点：1、切合题意。仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确有哪些要点。2、简明扼要。此题材学生都有话可说，但要注意说明清楚：为什么要设计此物品？此物品有哪些新功能？要点要全面。3、根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；语言表达要符合英语习惯。【亮点说明】本文语言规范，条理清楚，脉络清晰。过渡性词汇Firstly, Secondly, At last, On the one hand, On the other hand等等的贴切使用使文章意义更连贯，逻辑更严密。总体上讲不失为一篇优秀的范文。典例03假如你是李华，要参加你校举办的以Better English, Better Life为主题的英语演讲比赛。请根据以下提示写一篇演讲稿讲述学英语的益处。1.在生活上的好处；2.在学业上的好处；3.在就业上的好处。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【思路点拨】演讲稿是介绍性说明文，语言一定要准确简洁、通俗易懂、逻辑性强、结构多变、节奏感强。演讲稿由开头语、正文和结束语三部分组成。开头语一般来说比较简单，目的就是吸引听众或读者的注意力。考生在写作时首先要审清楚题目，题目已经要求内容包括三点，因此重点是将所要表达的语言点都表达到位，不要遗漏了某一点。同时应尽量选择自己最熟悉的单词、句型来表达自己的意思。在写作过程中注意使用起承转合的连词和高级词汇，这样作文就能得到比较高的分数。【范文赏析】Hello, everyone!I am here to show that the better English, the better life.Initially, English can enrich our lives and broaden our horizons. Having a better command of English can contribute to our reading original works. Besides, better English can improve our academic level, which increases the potential of our being admitted to a key university. Finally, international companies prefer the staff with better English. To put it differently, the more fluently you speak English, the more doors will open up to you.Lets better ourselves and polish our life through better English!Thats all. Thank you!Writing 1人人都渴望朋友和友谊。为此，有人提出了建立，加深和保持友谊的三要素：1.诚实：建立友谊；2.慷慨大方和乐于分享：加深友谊；3.通情达理：使友谊持久。请围绕以上三点，写一篇说明文，注意：1.使用一般现在时态；2.词数100左右；3.参考词汇：understanding adj./n.通情达理的/理解；generosity n.慷慨大方。_Writing 2仔细观察下面一幅图画，根据图画的内容，写一篇100词左右的英语短文。情景：假定你叫李华，家住香港。你和几个朋友约定星期六在中心公园聚会。现请你写封信邀请在学校居住的Brown女士参加，并根据下图告诉她来中心公园的路线。参考词汇：have a gathering party(聚会)Dear Mrs Brown,We are so glad that youre coming to join us on Saturday. Here is how you can find us. _Yours,Li HuaWriting 3请以我最喜欢的未来机器人为题，写一篇100 词左右的说明文，描述自己理想中的未来机器人。要包含以下要点：1.我理想中的未来机器人是一个英俊的小伙子， 名叫杰里；2.他不仅歌唱得好，也擅长踢足球。他很聪明，能说流利的中文和英文；3.他理解我、关心我。当我沮丧时，他会鼓励我； 当我取得很大进步时，他会表扬我；4.他帮我学习；5.杰里是我最好的朋友，我非常喜欢他。_