现在完成时优质全.pptx

GrammarBy Ms Yuan.Travelling is fun for me.I have been to I have visitedTiananmen SquareI have stayed in Beijing for 2 weeks.I IhavebeentohavebeentotheGreatwallandtheForbiddenCity.theGreatwallandtheForbiddenCity.I IhavevisitedhavevisitedtheSummerPalaceandtheTempleoftheSummerPalaceandtheTempleofHeaven.Heaven.I IhavestayedhavestayedinBeijingfor2weeks.inBeijingfor2weeks.Read and learnRead and learnI Iveve tousechopsticks.tousechopsticks.ItIts s afantasticexperiencesofar.afantasticexperiencesofar.I Iveve abitoftaichi.abitoftaichi.WeWevevealreadyalreadyalotaboutChinesecultureandalotaboutChinesecultureandhistory.history.TheteachersTheteachershavehave ustoChinesepaintingasustoChinesepaintingaswell.well.WeWevevealsoalsotopaintsomepicturesourselves.topaintsomepicturesourselves.I Ihaventhavent muchsuccessyet.muchsuccessyet.I Iveve manynewfriends.manynewfriends.learn-learnt/learned-learnt/learnedbe-was/were-beenintroduce-introducedtry-triedhave/has-had-hadmake-made-made1.I _ _ to use chopsticks,and theyre teaching me a little Chinese.2.It _ _ a fantastic experience so far.3.We_ _ _ a lot about Chinese culture and history.4.The teachers _ _ us to Chinese painting as well.5.We_ _ _ to paint some pictures ourselves.6.I _ _ much success yet,but Ill keep trying.7.I _ _ many new friends.ve learnts beenve already learnthave introducedve also triedhavent hadve madego Ready?ToCompareShedidhomeworkyesterday.(shedoesntneedtodoherhomeworknow.)Shehasalreadydoneherhomework.do/does-did-doneShe had her breakfast just now.她刚才吃了早饭。她刚才吃了早饭。(She is not hungry now.她现在不饿。她现在不饿。)She has just had her breakfast.她刚吃过早饭她刚吃过早饭。ToComparehave/has-had-hadToCompareTheelephanthelpedmealotamomentago.(Icandrivemycarnow.)Theelephanthasjusthelpedmealot.help-helpedIdidntsinganEnglishsonginthesingingcompetitionlastweek.（Istillrememberthethingnow.）IhaventsunganEnglishsonginthesingingcompetitionyet.ToComparesing-sang-sungWebegantostudyherelastyear.(Westillstudyherenow.)Wehavestudiedhereformorethanoneyear.study-studiedHebegantobeinterestedinplayingcomputergameswhenhewasborn.(Heisstillinterestedinitnow.)Hehasbeeninterestedinplayingcomputergamessincehewasborn.be-was/were-been1.Shehasalreadydoneherhomework.2.She has just had her breakfast.3.Theelephanthasjusthelpedmealot.4.IhaventsunganEnglishsonginthesingingcompetitionyet.定义一：过去完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。定义一：过去完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。5.Wehavestudiedhereformorethanoneyear.6.Hehasbeeninterestedinplayingcomputergamessincehewasborn.定义二：过去开始的动作一直持续到现在或有可能继续定义二：过去开始的动作一直持续到现在或有可能继续下去。下去。现在完成时态的结构：现在完成时态的结构：现在完成时态的结构：现在完成时态的结构：already(已经已经)肯中肯中yet(已经已经)问否尾问否尾just(刚刚刚刚)肯中肯中ever(曾经曾经)问中问中 never（从不）（从不）常与常与for,since引导的时间短语或从句连用引导的时间短语或从句连用.for+时间段时间段 since+过去时间过去时间 since+过去句子过去句子肯定肯定have/has+done否定否定have/hasnot+donePastNowFuture完成完成影响影响already(已经已经)肯中肯中yet(还还)问否尾问否尾just(刚刚刚刚)肯中肯中ever(曾经曾经)问中问中 never（从不）（从不）开始开始持续至今持续至今持续到将来持续到将来 for+时间段时间段 since+过去时间过去时间 since+过去句子过去句子定义一：过去完成的动作定义一：过去完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。对现在造成的影响或结果。定义二：过去开始的动作一直定义二：过去开始的动作一直持续到现在或有可能继续下去。持续到现在或有可能继续下去。have methave playedhas cookedhave studiedhave seenhavent visitedhavent done用法小窍门：用法小窍门：描述过去的动作，若句中有描述过去的动作，若句中有yesterday,last week,three days ago,in 1996等等过去时间就过去时间就一定一定一定一定用一般过去时用一般过去时。若若 没没有有常用常用常用常用现在完成时现在完成时。所以。所以When问句不能用现在完成时问句不能用现在完成时。A：Have you finished your homework yet?B:Yes,I have.A:When did you finish it?B:Yesterday evening.FurtherUnderstanding代言词代言词Letsreadthem!Ihave seenAvatar.She She has has alreadyalready written written 3 books 3 books.I I havent seenhavent seen the movie the movie yetyet.Have you ever seen a sign like this?Ihavenever seenakangaroo.HowlonghaveyoustudiedinHuangguangMiddleSchoolGuangzhouBranch?肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑问句一般疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句现在完成在完成时的代言的代言词：1.1.already（已已经）/just/just（刚刚）：用于用于肯定肯定句中句中2.2.yet（还）:用于用于否定句和疑否定句和疑问句句句尾句尾3.ever（曾经曾经）：用于：用于疑问和否定疑问和否定句中。句中。4.never（从不从不）:表示表示否定否定二、用never,ever,already,just,yet,for填空：1.Ihave_seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2.Jackhas_finishedhishomework.3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool_tenyears.4.“Haveyou_seenthefilm?”“No,Ihave_seenit.”5.“Hasthebusleft_?”“Yes,ithas_left.”neveralready/justforeverneveryetjust/alreayalready(已经已经)肯中肯中yet(已经已经)问否尾问否尾just(刚刚刚刚)肯中肯中ever(曾经曾经)问中问中 never（从不）（从不）for/since的区的区别1.for+时间段段formanyyears,foralongtime2.since+时间点点since1998,sincelastyear3.since+时间段段+agosincethreeyearsago4.since+句子句子(一般一般过去去时）sinceImovedhere.Myfamilyhavelivedhereformanyyears.Ihaventlivedinmyhometownsince2008.ShehaslearntEnglishsincefiveyearsago.Hehashadthehousesincehemovedhere.for+时间段时间段 since+过去时间过去时间 since+过去句子过去句子1)We have lived here _ 2001.2)I have been a teacher _ ten months.3)They have known each other _more than five years.4)I have been at this school _ sixyears ago.5)She has sent some information to Tom_ Tom went to school.6)I will stay in the hotel _ a week.since for for since since forFill in the sentences with for or since.for+时间时间，since+过去时间，过去时间，since+过去句子过去句子SentencePattern句式句式Ihaveeatenlunch.Shehaseatenlunch.Hehaseatenbreakfast.肯定句肯定句:主语主语+have/hasdone+宾语宾语+其他。其他。Theyhaveeatensupper.我已经吃了午饭。我已经吃了午饭。(eat-ate-eaten)她已经吃了午饭。她已经吃了午饭。(eat-ate-eaten)他已经吃了早饭。他已经吃了早饭。(eat-ate-eaten)他们已经吃了晚饭。他们已经吃了晚饭。(eat-ate-eaten)Ihavenot(=havent)seenthefilm.Shehasnot(=hasnt)seenthefilm.Ihaventeatensupper.Hehasntchangedhisidea.Mymotherhasntcomebackhome.否定句否定句:主语主语+havenot(havent)+done+宾语宾语+其他。其他。三单主语三单主语+hasnot(hasnt)+done+宾语宾语+其他。其他。我没有看过这部电影。我没有看过这部电影。(see-saw-seen)她没有看过这部电影。她没有看过这部电影。(see-saw-seen)我还没有吃晚饭。我还没有吃晚饭。(eat-ate-eaten)他还没有改变他的主意。他还没有改变他的主意。(change-changed)我妈妈还没有回来。我妈妈还没有回来。(come-came-come)1.Ive already had dinner.I _ _ dinner _.2.He has just finished his homework.He _ _ his homework _.3.Mums cooked the dinner.Mum _ _ the dinner.4.Susans learned English at school.Susan _ _ English at school.haventhadyethasnt finishedyethasnt cookedhasnt learned把下列句子改为否定句把下列句子改为否定句Haveyouhadbreakfast?No,Ihavent.HaveyouknownSandyforalongtime?Yes,Ihave.Hassheeatenanythingsince9:00a.m?No,shehasnt.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Have/has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+宾语宾语+其他？其他？回答：回答：Yes,主语主语+have/has.No,主语主语+havent/hasnt.你吃早饭了吗？不，没有。你吃早饭了吗？不，没有。(have-had-had)你认识你认识Sandy很长时间了吗？很长时间了吗？是的。是的。(know-knew-known)自早上九点钟以来她吃过东西了吗？自早上九点钟以来她吃过东西了吗？不，她没有。不，她没有。(eat-ate-eaten)1.Ive alreadalready had dinner.2.He has justjust finished his homework.3.Mums cooked the dinner.4.Susans learned English at school.Have you had dinner yet?Has he finished his homework yet?Has mum cooked the dinner?Has Susan learned English at school?把下列句子改为一般疑问句把下列句子改为一般疑问句Ive=I haveMums=Mum hasSusans=Susan has用所给动词的适当形式填空。用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.I(teach)Enghishinthisschoolsince1997.2.Lilei(keep)thelibrarybookforfivedays.3.Kate(see)hergrandmothersphotobefore.4.Sofar,we(build)thousandsofBuildingsinFuzhou.5.I(be)toBeijingalready.havebuilthavebeenhaskepthavetaughthasseenSo far we have planted many trees.He has just come back.They have already built many buildings in this city.Someone has just broken the window.I have already lost the key.I havent read that book yet.现在完成时的现在完成时的用法用法:翻译大比拼翻译大比拼11.到目前为止到目前为止我们已经植了很多树。我们已经植了很多树。（planted)2.他他刚刚刚刚回来。回来。(come-came-come)3.他们他们已经已经在这个城市建了很多楼。在这个城市建了很多楼。(build-built-built)4.有人有人刚刚刚刚打破了窗户。打破了窗户。(break-broke-broken)5.我我已经已经丢了钥匙。丢了钥匙。(lose-lost-lost）6.我我还还没有读那本书。没有读那本书。(read-read-read)She has learned English for 5 years.Wehaventseeneachotherforalongtime.Shehasbeenheresince1989.Ihavebeenheresincefivemonthsago.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft.He has lived in Beijing since he was born.现在完成时的现在完成时的用法用法:翻译大比拼翻译大比拼21.他学英语已经学了他学英语已经学了5年了年了。(learn-learnt-learnt)2.我们我们很长时间很长时间没相互见面了。没相互见面了。(see-saw-seen)3.自从自从1989年以来年以来她就在这。她就在这。(be-was/were-been)4.自从自从5个月前个月前我就在这。我就在这。(be-was/were-been)5.自从你离开以来自从你离开以来就发生了很大的变化。就发生了很大的变化。(take-took-taken)6.自从他出生以来自从他出生以来他就生活在北京。他就生活在北京。(live-lived)过去分词的构成过去分词的构成learn-learnt/learned-learnt/learnedbe-was/were-beenintroduce-introducedhave/has-had-hadmake-made-madeeat-ate-eatensee-saw-seencome-came-comebuild-built-builtbreak-broke-brokenlose-lost-lostreadread-readtake-took-takenlive-livedplant-plantedknow-knew-knownsing-sang-sungstudy-studiedhelp-helpeddo/does-did-doneplan-planned Ready?规则动词过去式、过去分词变化规则：规则动词过去式、过去分词变化规则：workworked,worked1）一般在动词词尾加）一般在动词词尾加ed。change-changed,changed2）如果动词以字母）如果动词以字母e结尾，直接在词尾加结尾，直接在词尾加d。plan-planned,planned3）如果动词是一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节）如果动词是一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，要双写这个辅音字母，再加单词，要双写这个辅音字母，再加ed。carry-carried,carried4）如果动词是以辅音字母加）如果动词是以辅音字母加y结尾，要变结尾，要变y为为i再再加加ed。不规则动词不规则动词：一、一、原形、过去式和过去分词相同的动词原形、过去式和过去分词相同的动词（A、A、A型）型）costcostcostcutcutcuthithithithurthurthurtletletletputputputreadreadread2.（A、B、B型）型）bring-brought-broughtbuy boughtboughtmeet metmetbuild-builtbuiltcatch-caught-caughtfeelfeltfeltfindfoundfoundkeepkeptkeptleave left left make made-made3.（A、B、A型）型）becomebecamebecomecomecamecome runranrun4.（A、A、B型）型）beatbeatbeaten5）（）（A、B、C型）型）beginbeganbegun blowblewblown breakbrokebroken do/does did done drink drank drunk eat ate-eaten fall -fell fallen give-gave given go went gone know knew known write-wrote-wirrten学案学案Writedownpasttenseandpastparticipleofthefollowingverbs.（写出下例动词的过去时和过去分词）（写出下例动词的过去时和过去分词）workrainlovechangestopplandropstudycarryreadteachseefeelbuildleavethinkwritedoworkedworkedrainedrainedlovedlovedchangedchangedstoppedstoppedplannedplanneddroppeddroppedstudiedstudiedcarriedcarriedreadreadtaughttaughtsawseenfeltfeltbuiltbuiltthoughtthoughtwrotewrittendiddoneleftlefthave been 与与have gone 的用法比较的用法比较havebeento意思是意思是“到过，去过到过，去过”，表示，表示曾曾经到过某处经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。，但现在人不在那儿。havegoneto意思是意思是“去了去了”，表示，表示已经去了已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。havebeenin意思是意思是“呆在某处一段时间了呆在某处一段时间了”上一页下一页主菜单比较havebeento/in和havegonetoHehasgonetoShanghai.他他(已经已经)去上海了。去上海了。HehasbeentoShanghai.他他(曾经曾经)去过上海。去过上海。（他可能在去（他可能在去上海上海的路上，或是已到的路上，或是已到上海上海，反正，反正人现在不在说话现场）人现在不在说话现场）（他现在已经不在（他现在已经不在上海上海了）了）HehasbeeninShanghaiformanyyears.他在上海很多年了。他在上海很多年了。（他现在在（他现在在上海或许将来还在上海或许将来还在）have/hasbeen(to)have/hasgone(to)-1.-Whereisyourfather?-Heisntherenow.He_towork.2.-Haveyoutravelledabroad?-Yes,I_toAmericatwice.hasgonehavebeen用用Havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin填空填空1.Mike and his parents _ the north for half a year.2.Mum is not at home now.she _ the shop.3._ you ever _ to kunming?Never.4.Where _ you _ these days?5.Has Jim arrived yet?Yes,he _ here for several days.6.Where is Peter?I dont know where he _.7.Hi Jim!Where _ you _?Li Lei is looking for you.have been inhas gone tohave beenHave beenhas been has gonehave been下一页上一页主菜单Furtherstudy当句子包含的时间状语含有当句子包含的时间状语含有sincesince和和forfor时，动时，动作必须用作必须用延续性动词延续性动词。Ihaveboughtthebookforaweek.Ihavehadthebookforaweek.buy是短暂性动词have是延续性动词非延续性动词又叫非延续性动词又叫终止性动词终止性动词或或瞬间动词瞬间动词-不能和一段时间连用不能和一段时间连用延续性动词延续性动词-可以和一段时间连可以和一段时间连用用Theyhavecomeherefortwodays.Theyhavebeenherefortwodays.be是延续性动词come是短暂性动词5.短暂动词和延续动词转换瞬间性动词瞬间性动词延续性动词延续性动词buyborrowcomego/leaveopen/closebegin/startend/finishdiecatch a coldbecome interested inget marriedhavehavekeepkeepbe herebe herebe away(from)be away(from)be open/be closedbe open/be closedbe onbe onbe overbe overbe deadbe deadhave a coldhave a coldbe interested inbe interested inbe marriedbe married瞬间性动词瞬间性动词延续性动词延续性动词put onget upwake upfall asleepjoinarrive/reachwearbe upbe upbebe a awakewakebe asleepbe asleepbe in=be a member ofbe in=be a member ofbe in/atbe in/atChoose the best answer1Whatanicewatch！Howlong_you_it？JustthreeweeksAwill，buyBdid，buyChave，had2you_inGreenerChinaforalongtime？Yes，IjoineditfiveyearsagoAHave，beenBHas，joinedCHave，joined3TeacherLiJapan，he_Japanfortwoyears.Ahasbeento，hasbeentoBhasgoneto，hasbeeninChasgoneto，hasbeento4ThestudentsaresorrytohearthatthefamoussingerforhalfanhourAhasleftBhasbeenawayChasgoneaway5Ithisbookfortwodays，IhavetoreturnitnowAborrowedBhaveborrowedChavekept（C）（A）（B）（B）（C）6-Whenyouyouroldfriend?-Thedaybeforeyesterday.Awill,visitBdid,visitChave,visited7MrsWhite_inthisschoolsinceshecamehere.AteachesBtaughtChastaught8Nochildren_footballinthestreetsinceacarhitaboylastSunday.AhaveplayedBplayedCplaying9-Imsorrytokeepyouwaiting.-Oh,notatall,I_hereonlyforafewminutes.AwasBhavebeenCwillbe10Hisgrandfathersince1936.AdiedBhasdiedChasbeendead（B）（C）（A）（B）（C）现在完成时现在完成时 vs.vs.一般过去时一般过去时IhavestudiedHistoryfortwoyears.IhadaHistorylessonyesterday.IhavelearntalotaboutGreekhistory.IreadthestoryoftheTrojanWarlastweek.Weuse(thepresentperfecttense/thesimplepasttense)totalkaboutapastexperiencewhichhasaconnectiontothepresent.Weuse(thepresentperfecttense/thesimplepasttense)totalkaboutacompletedactioninthepast.Ihavelostmywatch.Ilostmywatch.-现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果响或结果,强调与现在的关系强调与现在的关系,不能够与不能够与in1998,three in1998,three days ago days ago 和和just now just now 等等明确的过去的时间状语连用明确的过去的时间状语连用.一般过去时只是表示动作是发生在过去一般过去时只是表示动作是发生在过去,和现在并没和现在并没有什么直接与必然的联系有什么直接与必然的联系,因此一般过去是因此一般过去是可以和表示明可以和表示明确的过去的时间状语连用确的过去的时间状语连用.现在完成时现在完成时 vs.vs.一般过去时一般过去时Read and Read and completecompleteB1 Read the following conversation between the captain and a soldier from the story“The Trojan horse”.Complete it with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.havegoneleftcamehavetriedhavewonhaveleftdidnttakeB2 Complete the diary below with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.boughtwentopenedneverbeenhavevisitedhaveseenboughthaveread拓展句型拓展句型 for+时段=since+时间点 It has been+时间段+since+过去时态的句子。时间段+has passed+since+过去时态的句子。Eg.She has learned English for 5 years.=She has learned English since 5 years ago.=It has been 5 years since she began to learn English.=Five years has passed since she began to learn English.小试牛刀小试牛刀写出下列句子的同义句，句数不限：写出下列句子的同义句，句数不限：1.Wehaventseeneachotherforalongtime.2.Shehasbeenheresince1989.3.Ihavebeenheresincefivemonthsago.4.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft.5.He has lived in Beijing since he was born.学案练习学案练习Grammar学案学案现在完成时的用法：现在完成时的用法：观察一：Now we have planted all the trees.He has just come back.They have built many buildings in this city.表示到现在为止 _或 _的动作。观察二：Someone has broken the window.(窗户现在是坏的)I have already lost the key.(我现在没有钥匙)I havent read that book yet.(不了解书的内容)I have just cleaned my hands.(手是干净的)表示过去发生的动作,强调_ _或_。常与_(已经肯定),_(已经否定),_(刚刚),_(曾经)等词连用.观察三：ShehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.HehaslivedinBeijingsincehewasborn.HashelivedinShenzhensince4yearsago?表示过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还会继续下去的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。常与_,_引导的时间短语或从句连用.yet 结束结束 对现在的结果对现在的结果 影响影响 already for+时段时段 justever 完成完成 since+过去句子或时间过去句子或时间二，基本结构：主语二，基本结构：主语+_ _+_ _(done)肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他否定句：主语+_ _+_+_ _+其他一般疑问句：_+主语+_ _+其他？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）练习一：根据要求填空练习一：根据要求填空He has finished his homework.He _ _ his homework yet(变成否定句）_ _he_ _his homework yet？(变成一疑问句）_ _(肯定回答）_ _(否定回答）_(就划线部分提问)练习二：用所给动词的适当形式填空。练习二：用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.I_(teach)Englishinthisschoolsince1997.2.Lilei_(keep)thelibrarybookforfivedays.3.Kate_(see)hergrandmothersphotobefore.4.Sofar,we_(build)thousandsofBuildingsinFuzhou.5.I_(be)toBeijingalready.have/has 过去分词过去分词 have/has have/has 过去分词过去分词 过去分词过去分词 has not finished not Has finished Yes,he has.No,he hasnt.what has he finished?have taught has kept has seen have built have beenalready已经已经yet还，还，仍然仍然just刚刚刚刚ever曾经曾经never从不从不before以前以前since自自以来以来for.recently近来近来sofar到目前为止到目前为止课测课测一用括号里的单词正确形式填空。一用括号里的单词正确形式填空。1.I_ already _(see)the film.I _(see)it last week.2._ he _ _(finish)his work today?Not yet.3.My father _ just _(come)back from