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话题11 计划与安排
主题语篇阅读
Ⅰ.[2019·昌平二模] 完形填空
Young Scottish brothers take on a list of 500 adventures
For Ollie and Harry Ferguson, life is an adventure. For the past four years, the brothers have been working to 1 a list of 500 challenges and experiences.
“The idea came about actually from the boys,” their father, MacNeill Ferguson, said. “The boys were just asked one day if they could 2 some cool things for us to do as a family. They put forward some impossible ideas firstly, like going on a trip to Mars, International Sausage Day and all kinds of 3 kids requests. They built the list to a hundred, then kept finding new things we wanted to do and try…until it got up to 500.” They’re all listed on the brothers’ Facebook page.
So far they have built an igloo, explored the wilderness, and sent their Lego men to the depths of the ocean and into outer space. Perhaps their biggest 4 is playing out right now on the high seas. Last year, Ollie and Harry launched(使下水) a toy ship from the Scottish coast. The ship named “Adventure” sailed across the North Sea to Scandinavia. It then began a ride on a Norwegian boat and was launched 5 , this time off the coast of west Africa. It’s equipped with a tracking device(跟踪器), allowing the brothers to 6 every step of the sailing. But the battery(电池) on the tracking device is becoming weak, so Harry and Ollie hope a passing ship 7 their boat and is able to recharge(充电) its battery, allowing the adventure to continue.
“Harry, where would you like the boat to go?” Mr. Ferguson asked. “Without (a) 8 , that would be China because we all love China,” Harry answered. He thinks that even there are so many difficulties, the boat will reach China.
( )1.A.finish B.choose C.check D.change
( )2.A.hear of B.keep off C.come up with D.get used to
( )3.A.shy B.strange C.useless D.traditional
( )4.A.memory B.journey C.invention D.adventure
( )5.A.yet B.again C.even D.ever
( )6.A.cancel B.take C.copy D.follow
( )7.A.sells B.leaves C.notices D.protects
( )8.A.doubt B.trust C.mistake D.surprise
Ⅱ.[2018·西城二模]阅读理解
After the holiday season, our guess is that you are tired of visiting the store and buying gifts.It is easy to get stuck, both spiritually and physically by having too much.This is why minimalism and living simply should be your resolution for 2018.
Economic development results in a lot of consumerism(消费): get a good job, get a nice car, and settle into a beautiful house.But some people say that our lives could use a little lightening these days: We work and work and work only to buy and buy and buy—but does all that material wealth really lead to our happiness? Are we filling our time with unnecessary things, when we should be filling our time with friends, value, and service?
An article from the website, Becoming Minimalist, points out the problem with this cycle(循环) in the best way, “Nobody really believes happiness is directly tied to the number of things we own.Yet almost all of us live like it.We get stuck in it.We work more hours than ever before, earn more income, but save less.”
Minimalism isn’t all about ridding(摆脱) consumerism and products from your life.Minimalism is about finding your own sense of self and focusing on the things you love.It is about creating a lifestyle that is focused on only those people and things that enrich you.
These days, minimalistic living can come in many forms.We think the most practical form of minimalistic living for us is to follow our list: How You Can Live Lighter in 2018.
·Purge Your Closet: Take a day and clear out all of your drawers and closets.If something doesn’t have special meaning or adds no value to your life—give it away.Have only what you need and what you can see.
·Test Those Limits: See how long you can go without shopping.Give yourself a limit, whether it be two weeks or six months, whether it be avoiding a certain mall or buying clothes.Then put your self-will to the test.After your allowed time, chances are you will realize all those extra blouses weren’t worth it and you will set yourself up for future spending control.
·Cut the Cord: This sometimes means giving up your modern technology: TV, cell phone, computer, etc.Limit yourself to only a few hours of TV per week,or only 30 minutes of social media per day.You’ll make more time for the things and people that you love and clear out some unnecessary noise from your life.
·Live to Your Goals: Find out what your life goals and values are.Then, see what may help you or stop you from achieving this goal.Cut out that which doesn’t lead to your happiness and success and add more of what does.
Remember, a pared down lifestyle doesn’t mean less success or less happiness.It represents your freedom to focus on the things in life that really matter.
9.The cycle “people work and work only to buy and buy” shows . ( )
A.people get stuck physically and spiritually
B.people don’t believe wealth leads to happiness
C.people don’t want to save more
D.people fall in love with buying
10.To practise minimalistic living, you should . ( )
A.give away your drawers and closets
B.go to the shopping mall every six months
C.have 30 minutes of social media per day
D.discover your life goals and values
11.The words“pared down” in the last paragraph probably mean “ ”. ( )
A.free B.light
C.popular D.convenient
12.Which of the following best explains the writer’s opinion? ( )
A.It might take you a long time to wait for the“right” thing.
B.Clear out the unnecessary so that the necessary may speak.
C.Change yourself with the development of society.
D.Freedom is more important than success.
Ⅲ.[2019·东城一模] 回答问题
Can you remember a time when somebody was kind to you? Maybe a stranger allowed you to go in front of him in a queue. Or perhaps a friend helped you in a much deeper way. There are a million ways to offer kindness.
Why should we be kind?
Being kind is a win-win situation. It brings happiness to both the receiver and the doer of this kind action. Let’s imagine you have a workmate who always does a very good job. How about taking a moment to mention this to him? Your workmate will be happy to receive some praise, and you will probably feel good about yourself for having spread a little joy.
What are“random acts of kindness”?
Many organizations encourage people to do kind acts whenever and wherever possible. Their idea is that it doesn’t take any plan to be kind, just a little bit of effort. Perhaps the strongest supporters of this idea are the Random Acts of Kindness(RAK) Foundation, who work with schools and companies to teach people kindness skills. They believe that kindness can be taught.
How can I be kind?
The RAK website suggests some ways to show kindness. Generally, they fall into three categories(类别). The first is interpersonal kindness, like donating old clothes to charities or writing a positive online comment about a restaurant. The second is environmental kindness, which could mean recycling or cleaning a local park. The third category is personal kindness, which means treating yourself kindly, such as taking a walk in nature or treating yourself to a big meal. By being kind to yourself, you will be kinder to the world around you.
What is World Kindness Day?
World Kindness Day takes place on 13 November. People in many countries celebrate this day by being kind and having lots of fun. One typical event is to use “kindness cards”. You hand a kindness card to somebody when you do a kind act for him. Then it is his turn to pass on the card by doing a kind act for another person.
Being kind has a sort of ripple(涟漪) effect. This means that one kind action leads to more and more. So don’t wait for kindness to find you; go and start a new ripple!
13. Why is being kind a win-win situation?
14. What do many organizations encourage people to do?
15. What does personal kindness mean?
16. How does a person pass on a kindness card?
17. What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?
【参考答案】
Ⅰ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇记叙文。Ollie和Harry的生活充满挑战。他们在四年内努力完成了500项挑战。
1.A 考查动词辨析。根据下文“‘…until it got up to 500.’ They’re all listed on the brothers’ Facebook page.”可推知,兄弟俩提出了500个奇怪的想法,把它们发布在了Facebook的主页上,并一直努力完成这500项挑战。故选A。
2.C 考查动词短语辨析。由下文中的“They put forward some impossible ideas firstly…”可推知,兄弟俩被问能否想出一些很酷的事情让他们一家人做。come up with意为“提出,想出”,与put forward同义。故选C。
3.B 考查形容词辨析。由句中“impossible ideas firstly”可推知,是提出各种各样奇怪的想法。strange意为“奇怪的”,符合语境。故选B。
4.D 考查名词辨析。根据下文“…allowing the adventure to continue.”可推知,此处指最大的冒险。adventure意为“冒险”,符合语境。故选D。
5.B 考查副词辨析。由句中的“…this time off the coast of west Africa.”可知,这艘玩具船再次下水,这次是在西非海岸。故选B。
6.D 考查动词辨析。由句中的“a tracking device”可知,跟踪器可以跟踪记录航行的每一步。follow意为“跟随;跟着”,符合语境。故选D。
7.C 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知,跟踪器的电池没电了,所以他们希望有船注意到这艘船,给跟踪器充电。notice意为“注意到”,符合语境。故选C。
8.A 考查名词辨析。由句中的“because we all love China”可推知,因为他们喜欢中国,毫无疑问应该是去中国。without doubt意为“毫无疑问”。故选A。
Ⅱ.[主旨大意]物质上的富有并不能真正使我们快乐,找到自我,把精力放在我们在乎的东西上,即极简主义越来越流行。目前实用的极简主义有以下几种形式:清理你的衣橱;检验你的购物极限;砍断束缚;实现你的目标。
9.A 根据第一段第一、二句“After the holiday season, our guess is that you are tired of visiting the store and buying gifts.It is easy to get stuck,both spiritually and physically by having too much.”可知,假期里我们不停地购物,很容易在体力上和精神上陷入困境。故选A。
10.D 根据文章后面提到了极简主义的四种形式可知,前三个选项与原文不符;D选项与文章倒数第二段中“Find out what your life goals and values are.”意思相同。故选D。
11.B 根据文章第五段第二句“We think the most practical form of minimalistic living for us is to follow our list: How You Can Live Lighter in 2018.”可知,极简主义就是怎样在2018生活得更轻松,短语“pared down”意为“light”。故选B。
12.B
Ⅲ.13.Because it brings happiness to both the receiver and the doer of this kind action.
14.They encourage people to do kind acts whenever and wherever possible.
15.It means treating yourself kindly.
16.He/She passes on the card by doing a kind act for another person.
17.To call on/encourage people to be kind.
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