Description英文写作省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

DescriptionDescription of Places,Objects and People第1页ContentsvDefinitionofdescriptionvTypesofdescriptionvWaystodevelopadescriptionessayvDescriptionofaplacevDescriptionofanobjectvDescriptionofapersonvAssignment第2页DescriptionvDescription is the type of writing that helps the reader to see what someone/some place/something is like.vOr we may say description is painting a picture in words of a person,place,object,or scene.vA description essay is generally developed through sensory details,or the impressions of ones senses-sight,hearing,taste,smell,and touch,etc.vLeave out the irrelevant ones and keep those which help to bring out the dominant characteristic or outstanding quality of the person or thing described.(sample 1)第3页Types of descriptionvObjective description-record details without making any personal comment.vSubjective description-the writer is free to interpret details for the reader/audience.Note:Few descriptions outside of science writing,however,are completely objective.第5页Ways to develop a description essayvThrough the impressions of ones senses-sight,hearing,taste,smell,and touchvUsing spatial order:describing the physical layout of the place(leftright,bottom top,clockwise/counterclockwise,insideoutside)vUsing chronological ordervUse specific wordsvDecide on the dominant impression第6页General and Specific Words for Good DescriptionvSpecific words help to make writing clear,exact,vivid,and striking,for they are more informative and expressive than general words.Compare:va good manvkind,honest,just,generous,sympathetic,warm-hearted,selfless,brave,honorablevgood foodvtasty,delicious,nourishing,rich,wholesome,fresh,appetizing,abundantvHousevmansion,villa（别墅）,chateau（庄园）,cottage,bungalow（平房）,cabin,hut,shack,shanty,barn(仓房）第7页General and Specific Words for Good DescriptionvPracticevEg.Laugh:smile,grin,chortle,guffaw,sneer,titter,gigglevCry:sob,weep,blubber,snivel,howl,bawl,wail,moan,vAnimal:vFlower:vWind:vRainvTree:vWalk:vAngry:vLookat:v第8页General and Specific Words for Good DescriptionvGeneral:Itisoftenwindyanddustyhereinspring.Specific:Inspringthereisoftenaverystrongnorthwestwind.Itcarriessomuchfinedustwithitthatsometimesthesunbecomesobscure.Thereisnoescapefromthefinedust;itgetsintoyoureyes,yourears,yournostrils,andyourhair.Itgoesthroughthecracksofclosedwindowsandcoversyourdesksandchairs.第9页General and Specific Words for Good DescriptionvGeneral:General:The room was a mess.vSpecific:Specific:As I walked into the room I could barely find a clean place to step.There were clothes all over the floor,along with papers,books,and possibly what looked like an old,moldy sandwich.The stench was unbearable.第10页General and Specific Words for Good DescriptionvGeneral:Ilovethesmellofsunshine.vSpecific:?Yourturn第11页Critical Reading on Description of an ObjectvRead the following three descriptive paragraphs about the sunshine and give your comments.v1.I Like the Smells of Sun Very MuchvI like the smells of sun.It is sweet,which tastes like an ice-cream.It has changeable color,which turns the plain ground become bright and full.It has soft sunshine,which let my body feel warm and comfortable.It has a quiet language,which makes a gentle whisper through my body and tells me what are the secrets of the sun.It has a wonderful power,which reflects the pure and the beautiful things in the world,brightens all the dark things up,and encourages me to overcome all the difficulties in my life.I like the smells of sun very much.v By student第12页CommentonSmellsoftheSunbyStudentvComment:The description is very imaginative but too abstract.Try to add more concrete examples to show why you like the smell of sun.第13页2.SmellsoftheSunvIlovethesun.Ilovethesunsrays,lightandwarmth,especiallythesunssmells.Whenthesuncomesagainaftertherain,Icaninhalethehumidairmadebythesunsheat.Inasunnygarden,thescentofthegrassandofplantsthatcarrythesmellsofthesunwaftalonginthebreeze.Ilikesunningmybedclothesifitisanicewarm,sunshinyday,thenthebedclothesgainanaromaofthesunaftertheirsunbath.Iaskmyson,“Canyousmellthesuninyourbedclothes?”Hepicksupacornerofhisbedclothes,thenbendshisheadclosetothemandbreathesindeeply.Heanswers,“Whatawonderfulsmellofthesun.”Ienjoythesmellsofthesun.v-By Xe Jiao第14页CommentonSmellsoftheSunbyXeJiaovComment:Xe Jiao writes of the sunssmellsinashortparagraph.Sheillustratesfor us the power of concrete imagery,dialogue,anddescriptivewords.第15页3.FreeTranquilizervVancouverssummersunshinemakesmelazy.IindulgemyselfundertheshadeofthemapletreesduringthesummerinCentralParkinordertobaskinVancouverssunshine.Especiallywhenthewindwavestheleavesandthesunlightslidesthrough,itfeelslikevelvetpattingmybodyorlikeafurrycatrubbingme.Iliketositonthebench,whichisonthesouthernshoreofthelake.Oneday,anoldLabradordogsatbesideme.Althoughthereweremanyadultsjogging,childrengiggling,andsquirrelschasingaround,theoldLabradorwasassolidasarock;heclosedhiseyesandearsandmadehisdaydreamwithoutapause.(Tobecontinued)第16页FreeTranquilizervSometimes,whenthesunlightstunghisnose,heshiftedhisbodyoneinchtoavoidit,andwhenthefliesbuzzedaroundhishead,hetwitchedhismuscleorhiseartodispelthegreedyflieswhosharedhissunlight.Afterabsorbingenoughenergy,hetrudgedawaycontentedly.IlovetosipthisfreetranquilizerduringthesummerinVancouver.(-Anonymouswriter)vComment:AnexcellentdescriptiveparagraphaboutthedelightstobefoundatCentralParkinBurnaby.第17页Dominant Impression for Good Description vDecide on a dominant impression-an overall attitude,mood or feeling about the place you are describing(the hustle and bustle of a market place,a haunted castle,a breathtaking scenery spot)第18页What Is the Dominant Impression in the Following Photos?第19页What Is the Dominant Impression in the Following Photos?第20页Describing a place第21页Describing a PlacevPlacesmaybedescribedfortheirownsake,asinessaysonvisitstofamousscenicplaces,butalsoforthepurposeofrevealingthepersonalityandcharacterofaperson,orcreatingafeelingormood.vEg.A clean and tidy room might show that the occupant is an orderly person.vEg.The howling of a chilly wind,the falling of autumn leaves,a house standing in solitude on a barren mountain,all help to build up a somber mood and increase the feeling of depression.第22页Practice:What is the dominant impression of this place?Thisroomwaschill,becauseitseldomhadafire;itwassilent,becauseremotefromthenurseryandkitchen;solemn,becauseitwasknowntobesoseldomentered.Thehouse-maidalonecamehereonSaturdays,towipefromthemirrorsandthefurnitureaweeksquietdust:andMrs.Reedherself,atfarintervals,visitedittoreviewthecontentsofacertainsecretdrawerinthewardrobe,wherewerestoreddiversparchments(羊皮纸古文稿）,herjewel-casket,andaminiature（微型人像画）ofherdeceasedhusband.(ByCharlotteBronte)第23页Practice:What is the dominant impression of this place?vPossible Key:Thisdescriptiongivesthereaderagloomyandlifelessimpressionandmakesonefeelchillyandfrightened.Thisplaceappearstobeghost-haunted.vReadP150ontextbook第24页Describing an object第26页Tips on how to describe an objectvState briefly how you got the object,if this is important.vProvide some basic factual information about it(its size,shape,texture,color,ect.)vPoint out its useful features(uses,functions,etc.)vFocus on a particular,probably the most important characteristic of the objectvState in what way the object is important to you第27页Describing a person第29页Description of a PersonvIndescribingaperson,thewritershouldnotmerelygivedetailsofhisappearance.Heshouldtrytorevealthepersonscharacter,thoughts,andfeelings,whichmaybeshowninwhatthepersondoesandsays,orinhowhebehavestoothers.vItisimportanttograspthecharacteristicfeaturesthatdistinguishhimfromallotherpeople.Thosefeaturesthatheshareswithotherscanbeomitted.vPeculiaritiesandidiosyncrasiesofaperson,ifany,shouldbeincludedinthedescription,fortheyusuallyimpressthereaderdeeplyandgivelifetothepersondescribed.vShowthepersoninaction-showingaperson(indirectdescription)vUseanecdotes第30页Ways to Describe a PersonvDescribe his/her appearance vDescribe his/her languagevDescribe his/her behaviorvDescribe his/her mannervDescribe his/her psychology vEtc.第31页Words Describing a PersonvAdjectivestodescribeapersonvModest/Decorous端 庄 稳 重/Self-effacing谦 让/Easy-going/Quiet/Demure娴静/Unassuming平易近人/Soft-spoken/Compatible能谦容/Amiable亲切/Withoutair/Affable和善/Good-humored脾气好/Obliging照料周到/Considerate考虑周到/Cordial/Gregarious 合 群/Impartial 公 正Ardent/enthusiastic/zealous 热 情/Erudite 博 学/Versatile/Diligent/Thrifty/frugal 节 约Optimistic 乐观Open and above board 正大光明/Calm,coolandcollected镇 静 从 容/Introverted/Extroverted第32页Physical Appearance v描述身材惯用形容词有:vtall,small,short,ofmediumheightv描述体型有:vfat,thin,slim,big,small,ofmediumbuild,strong,obese等.v描述相貌有:vbeautiful,pretty,good-looking,charming,sweet,handsome,funny,ugly,peculiar,rough,ill-looking,homely第33页Physical Appearancev体格（build）:fat;thin;slim;skinny;overweight;slight;well-buildv身高（height）:medium height;average height;below average;tall;short;tallish;middle-sized;ofmediumheight;1.78metersv脸型（face）:round;thin;long;squarevA.Shehasaverypleasantsmileandshealwayshasatwinkleinhereye.vB.Shewasyoung,withafair,calmfacethatshowedacertainstrength.第34页Physical Appearancev头发（hair）:v(1)发型（hairstyle）:vstraight;curly;pigtails;crewcut平头;baldvHerhairisbrownandcurly.v(2)发色(haircolor):vjet-black 乌黑;fair 金色;blonde 淡黄色;golden金黄色;dyed染色;brunette浅黑色;mousey灰褐色;chestnut栗色.vSheisabeautifulgirlwithfairhair.vThemiddle-agedmanalreadyhasdoublechinsandrecedinghairline.第35页Physical Appearancev五官:v(1)眼睛（eye）:vdeep-set;sunken凹陷;bulging/protruding凸出;eyelashes;eyebrows.vA.Hiseyesaredeep-setbecausehehasworkedtillmidnightforalongtime.v他眼睛深陷，因为他这段时间经常工作到深夜。vB.HehadthemostbeautifulblueeyesIhadeverseen.第36页Physical Appearancev(2)鼻子(nose):vlong;straight;big;small;flat;hooked.vA.Hewasbornahookednose.vB.Hisnoseisverybig,sohedoesntlikeit.v(3)嘴部(mouth):vtooth;even;uneven;chinvA.Whenhelaughs,weseehiseventeeth.vB.Shehasadoublechin.v 第37页Physical Appearancev衣饰（dress）:vsmart潇洒;scruffy邋遢；well-dressed衣着华丽;casual随便;conservative不显眼;elegant优雅;fashionable时髦;suave文雅;untidy不整齐.vA.Helookscasualjustwearingatweedsuit.v他穿了一件花格子衬衫，看上去很随便。vB.Shealwaysdressveryelegantandtidy.v她总是穿着优雅整齐。第38页LanguagevWell-educatedvEducatedvNotwell-educatedvIlliteratevExample for“not well-educated”vOnedayIfoundTonyatourmeetingplacebehindthegarage.Iwanttobeprentice,hesaid.vMr.Craw,hesaid,Ilikeabuyahouse.第39页Behaviorv高兴vA.He is very happyandsweet.vB.They didnt knowwhattodowiththemselvesforjoy.vC.Hejumpedforfun.vD.Herfacebrightenedup.v满意 vA.Theresultissatisfactory.vB.It is difficult to pleaseeverybody.vC.Thereisalwaysasmileofcontentmentonherface.vD.She belongs to those whoareverydifficulttosatisfy.vE.Seeingtheirtaskfinishedgivesthemasenseofsatisfaction.第40页Behaviorv诧异 vA.Im surprised to find you here.vB.Its nothing to be surprised about.vC.To my surprise,he didnt come yesterday.vD.She looked at me in amazement.vE.Her appearance fairly took my breath away.vF.Everyone looked at her in astonishment.v悲伤 vA.He looks so sad.vB.He is no stranger to sorrow.vC.His sad story makes her feel pity.vD.His wifes disease took away his appetite.vE.The news depresses her.第41页Behaviorv愤恨 vA.She was burning with anger.vB.He easily loses his temper.vC.He was in a rage.vD.She was red with anger.vSpeak/say/talk/tell/chat/gossip vA.Can you child speak yet?vB.He said he wanted to go to town.vC.I want to talk to you about an urgent matter.vD.Tell me what happened.vE.They dropped in for a chat last night.vF.You shouldnt listen to gossip.第42页Model 1:A talkative personvHeissotalkativethatwheneverhechoosesyouashislistener,whetheryouarewillingornot,youcantescapefromhimwithouthelplesslygivingup2or3hoursofyourprecioustime.Heisafrequentvisitortoothershouses.Oncehehassettledhimselfcomfortablyonyoursofa,hewillremainthererooted,talkingonandonexceptforafewintervalsoffillinghisteacupandlightinghiscigarettes.Heisextremelyinsensitivetoothersattitudes;whilehisvictimskeepsilent,desperatelygivinghimhintstostop,hetakestheirsilenceasadmirationofhiseloquence.Heisreallyagreattalkerandabletoseizeonanychancetobeginhisconstantflowofwordswheneverheseesyou.第43页Model 2 vP146 第44页summaryvStructure:introduction-development-conclusion vFactors:dominant impression,point of view,order 第48页AssignmentvWrite a composition describing a person who has had a lasting impact on you,or who you like or admire,or who you dislike第49页第50页