关系副词引导的定语从句市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

Unit5TheAttributiveClause第第1页页关系词关系词先行词所指先行词所指 关系词在关系词在从句从句中作用中作用关系关系代词代词that人人/物物主主语语、宾、宾语语、表语表语which物物主主语语、宾、宾语语,表语表语who人人主主语语、宾、宾语语whom人人宾宾语语whose人人/物物定定语语(whose+n.)as主语.宾语Theuseoftherelativepronoun(关系代词关系代词)口诀口诀:定语从句三步：定语从句三步：第一找出先行词第一找出先行词第二看先行词在定语从句中第二看先行词在定语从句中 语法功效（做主语、宾语或状语法功效（做主语、宾语或状 语）语）第三选择适当关系词第三选择适当关系词第第2页页1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.WhatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itChoose the best answers:第第3页页4.Pleasetakethesecondchair_isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that5.Isoxygentheonlygas_helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it6.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_hehadstolentothepolice（NMET98)A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that第第4页页7.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanweexpected.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it第第5页页关系副词使用方法关系副词使用方法关系副关系副词词指代指代n在从句中作用when(=at/in/on/duringwhich)where(=in/at/on/underwhich)why(=forwhich)时间时间时间状语时间状语地点地点地点状语地点状语原因原因原因状语原因状语第第6页页n（一）关系副词（一）关系副词where引导定语从句。引导定语从句。nwhere引导定语从句其先行词往往是表示地引导定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点名词。点名词。n例：例：nChinaistheonlycountrywherewildpandascanbefound.nThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.第第7页页知识拓展：知识拓展：1.关系副词关系副词where引导定语从句能够转换为引导定语从句能够转换为“介词介词(in/on/at/under等等)+which”引导定引导定语从句。语从句。Eg:Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.The hotel in which we stayed wasnt clean.=The hotel which/that we stayed in wasnt clean.第第8页页nThehousewhereLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.=The house in which LuXun once lived is being repaired now.第第9页页n2.若定语从句先行词是若定语从句先行词是地点地点，但定语，但定语从从句缺主语或宾语句缺主语或宾语，用，用which或或that引导定引导定语从句，而不用语从句，而不用where来引导。来引导。The library that/which you visited yesterday was built in 1990.第第10页页n3.假如定语从句分别修饰假如定语从句分别修饰point,situation,stage,condition和和case,position等表示抽象意义词，惯用等表示抽象意义词，惯用where/prep+which引导，意思是引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。例：例：Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.第第11页页n【经典例题经典例题】n1.Itshelpfultoputchildreninasituation_theycanseethemselvesdifferently.nA.thatB.whennC.whichD.where第第12页页n2.Lifeislikealongrace_wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.nA.whyB.whatnC.thatD.where第第13页页n3.IhavereachedapointinmylifeIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.nA.whichB.wherenC.howD.why第第14页页n4.TheywillflytoWashington,_theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.nA.whereB.therenC.whichD.when第第15页页nwhen引导定语从句其先行词往往是表示引导定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间名词。时间名词。n例：例：nThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.（二）关系副词（二）关系副词when引导定语从句引导定语从句第第16页页先行词是time时n若若time是作是作“次数次数”讲时，应用关系代词讲时，应用关系代词that引导定语从句，引导定语从句，that能够省略。能够省略。nThisisthesecondtime(that)thepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.nIcouldhardlyrememberhowmanytimes(that)Ivefailed.n若若time作作”一段时间，时代一段时间，时代”讲时，应用关讲时，应用关系副词系副词when或介词或介词at/during+which引导定引导定语从句语从句nThiswasatatimewhen/duingwhichtherewasnoradios,notelephonesornoTVs.第第17页页n1.Thisisthesecondtime_Ihavebeenhere.n2.Canyoustillrememberthetime_wespenttogetherinourchildhood.n3.Thefirsttime_hesawher,hefellinlovewithher.n(1.that/不填2.that/which3.that/不填)第第18页页n4)Wearelivinginaage_manythingsaredoneontheInternet.nA.WhichB.ThatnC.WhoseD.when第第19页页n知识拓展：知识拓展：n1.关系副词关系副词when引导定语从句也能够转引导定语从句也能够转换为换为“介词介词(in/at/on/during)+which”引引导定语从句。导定语从句。nIstillrememberthetimewhen(duringwhich)Ilivedinthecountryside.第第20页页n2.若定语从句若定语从句先行词是时间，先行词是时间，但定语但定语从从句缺主语或宾语句缺主语或宾语，则用，则用which或或that引导引导定语从句。定语从句。nIllneverforgetthetimethat/whichIspentoncampus.nIllneverforgetthetimethat/whichwasspentwithyou.第第21页页n1.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.nA.ifB.whennC.whichD.since第第22页页n2.Wewentthroughaperiod_communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.nA.whichB.whosenC.inwhichD.withwhich第第23页页n3.Occasionsarequiterare_Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.nA.WhonB.WhichnC.WhynD.When第第24页页n（三）关系副词（三）关系副词why引导定语从句。引导定语从句。nwhy引导定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因引导定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因名词，如：名词，如：excuse;explanation;reason等。等。n例：例：nThereasonwhyhedidntcometothepartyisthathedidntwanttoseeJane.第第25页页nWecantaccepttheexcusewhyyouwereabsent.nThisistheexplanationwhytheyputoffthemeeting.第第26页页n知识拓展：知识拓展：n1.关系副词关系副词why引导定语从句能够转换引导定语从句能够转换为为“for+which”引导定语从句。引导定语从句。nThisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididntcomehere.第第27页页n2.若定语从句先行词是若定语从句先行词是reason，但定语，但定语从句缺主语或宾语从句缺主语或宾语，则用，则用which或或that引引导定语从句。导定语从句。nThereasonthat/whichshegavemewasnottrue.第第28页页n即学即用n1)Thereason_hedidntcomewasthathewasill.n2)Thereasonheexplainedisnottrue.why that/which 第第29页页n3)Thereason_hewasabsentwas_hehadabadcold.nA.When,becausenB.When,whynC.WhybecausenD.Whythat第第30页页(四)Way后接定语从句情况nway后面定语从句引导词有后面定语从句引导词有which/inwhich/that/不填不填，如：，如：nIrecognizedhesfromAustraliafromntheway_hespeaks.in which(that/不不填填)第第31页页填上适当关系词并分析原因填上适当关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填不填that/inwhich/不填不填缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语缺乏主语或宾语缺乏主语或宾语:引导词用引导词用that/which/不填不填(缺宾语时缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺主语宾语都不缺:引导词用引导词用that/inwhich/不填不填第第32页页n1.Idontliketheway_youlaughather.nInwhich/that/不填第第33页页（四）判断关系代词与关系副词（四）判断关系代词与关系副词第第34页页n1.Thisisthemountainvillage_Ivisitedlastyear.n2.Thisisthemountainvillage_Istayedlastyear.n3.Thisisthemountainvillage_Istayedinlastyear.that/whichwherethat/which/不填不填第第35页页介词可后移，此时关系代词能够省略nThisisthebookforwhichyouasked.n=Thisisthebookwhich/that/不填youaskedfor.n不过有些固定动词短语不能拆开，介词不能提前，只能能够放在动词后面nEg.ThisisXuJingleislatestmovie(which/that)sheislookingfor.第第36页页n1.Isthismuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?nA.whereB.thatnC.onwhichD.theonen2.Isthisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld?nA.whereB.thatnC.onwhichD.theone第第37页页n归纳：归纳：n关系词选择依据先行词在从句中所作成关系词选择依据先行词在从句中所作成份，先行词在从句中作份，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中作；先行词在从句中作状语状语时，应选择关系副词时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，地点状语，when时间状语，时间状语，why原因状语原因状语)。第第38页页“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句介词后关系代词只能是介词后关系代词只能是which（指物指物）whom（指人指人）第第39页页介词选择三标准：n一介词依据从句谓语动词搭配习惯而确定nonwhichIspent5yuan.nforwhichIpaid5yuan.nThisisthebookfromwhichIlearntalot.aboutwhichTomoftentalks第第40页页二.介词依据先行词搭配习惯而确定nIrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedntheParty.nthedaysduringwhichInlivedhere.nthemonthinwhicIstayednthere.第第41页页三.介词依据从句所表示意义而确定nMycomputer,withoutwhichIcantplaycomputergames,crashedyesterday.nLearningacountryscultureislikeopeningawindow,throughwhichyoucanknowaboutthatcountrybetter.第第42页页四.当表示全部关系或是整体中一部分时，常用ofwhich/whom引导定语从句nTheoldmanhastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors.nThisisthehouse,thewindowsofwhich(whosewindow)areverybeautiful.第第43页页五.介词短语+关系代词n常见短语：atthefootof;atthebakeof;ninfrontof;onthetopofnEg:Theystayedinabighotel,infrontofwhichwasagarden.第第44页页六.名词（代词/数词）+of+关系代词n该结构普通引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中普通做主语nEg;Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,theroofofwhichwasdestroyedagaininthebigfire.第第45页页七.介词+whosen在定语从句中做在定语从句中做定语定语，修饰其后名词，修饰其后名词Eg:SheistheverypersoninwhosepocketIfoundmylostwatch.第第46页页n1.Guncontrolisasubject_Americanshavearguedforalongtime.nA.OfwhichnB.WithwithnC.AboutwhichnD.Intowhich第第47页页n2.ThehouseIgrewup_hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.nA.InitnB.InnC.InthatnD.Inwhich第第48页页n3.Tomreceivedtraininginacomputerforoneyear,_hefoundajobinabigcompany.nA.AfterthatnB.AfterwhichnC.AfteritnD.Afterthis第第49页页n4.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,_wegavesomebellsandglasses.nA.towhichB.towhomnC.withwhomD.Withthat第第50页页n5.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtennWindows,mostof_hadntbeenncleanedfortenyears.nA.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which第第51页页n定语从句与其它从句比较定语从句与其它从句比较n1.非限制性定语从句和单句非限制性定语从句和单句/并列句比较并列句比较nHehastwosons.Bothof_areteachers.（句）句）nHehastwosons,andbothof_areteachers.（句）句）nHehastwosons;bothof_areteachers.（句）句）nHehastwosons,bothof_areteachers.（句）句）nA.themB.whomA简单简单AA并列并列并列并列B定语从定语从第第52页页n分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语从句、简单句和并列句一个关键。分定语从句、简单句和并列句一个关键。第第53页页n2.as引导非限制性定语从句与引导非限制性定语从句与it引导句子引导句子nTheearthisround,and_isknowntoall.n_isknowntoall,theearthisround.n_isknowntoallthattheearthisround.nA.(I)itB.A(a)sABA第第54页页n3.定语从句和状语从句定语从句和状语从句n(1)Thisissuchabigstone_noonecanliftit.（从句）从句）nThisissuchabigstone_noonecanlift.（从句）从句）状语状语thatas定语定语分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中that 是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而定是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而定语从句中语从句中as在从句中要作一个成份（主语，在从句中要作一个成份（主语，宾语或表语）。宾语或表语）。第第55页页n(2)Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawerwherehecaneasilyfindit.（从句）从句）nPleaseputtheletterwherehecaneasilyfindit.（从句）从句）定语定语状语状语总结：总结：where前面有被修饰前面有被修饰地点名词地点名词时，时，是定语从句，不然是状语从句。是定语从句，不然是状语从句。第第56页页n4.when引导定语从句与强调句句型。引导定语从句与强调句句型。nItwasOctober_wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime.（句）句）nItwasinOctober_wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime.（句）句）whenthat定语从定语从强调强调总结：强调句句型：总结：强调句句型：It is/was+被强调部被强调部分分+that/who+其它部分，去掉其它部分，去掉It is/wasthat/who,句子照样成立。而句子照样成立。而定语从句引导词在句中要作一成份。定语从句引导词在句中要作一成份。第第57页页n解题技巧：解题技巧：n1.通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。n2.题干句假如是疑问句式，将其转化为题干句假如是疑问句式，将其转化为陈说句式。陈说句式。n3.分析从句句子结构，在定语从句中，分析从句句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词n4.注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词连词and,but等。等。第第58页页n即学即用：即学即用：n1)Yesterdaymyphysicsteachersetsuchadifficultexamproblem_noneofusworkedout.nA.thatB.asnC.sothatD.whichB 第第59页页n2)HereareplayersfromJapan,someof_areouroldfriends.nA.whichB.thatnC.whomD.themC 第第60页页n3)Itwaselevenoclock_theywentoutofthecinema.nA.whichB.thatnC.whenD.onwhichC 第第61页页1.Illneverforgetthedays_weworkedtogether.2.Illneverforgetthedays_wespenttogether.3.Iwenttotheplace_Iworkedtenyearsago.when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhich几个易混情况几个易混情况及物动词及物动词第第62页页4.Iwenttotheplace_Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason_hegave.whichwhy/forwhichthat/which及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词第第63页页1.Last week,0nly two people came to look at the house，_ wanted to buy them.A.None of them B.Both of them C.None of whomD.Neither of whom第第64页页The man pulled out a golden watch,-_were made of small diamonds.A.The hands of whomB.Whom the hands ofC.Which the hands ofD.The hands of which第第65页页The newly built cafe,the walls of _are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,especially after hard work.A.ThatB.ItC.whatD.which第第66页页Thats the new machian_parts are too small to be seen.A.ThatB.Which C.WhoseD.what第第67页页You will find taxis waiting at the bus station _you can hire to reach your host family.A.WhichB.WhereC.when D.as第第68页页Julie was good at German,French,and Russian,all of _she spoke fluently.A.Who B.Whom C.Which D.that第第69页页(四川高考四川高考)That evening,_ I will tell you more about later,I ended up working very late.Awhich BthatCwhen Dwhat第第70页页(陕西高考陕西高考)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,_ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.Awhich Bwhere Cwho Dthat 第第71页页(合肥质量调研合肥质量调研)I remember early spring mornings _ my grandmother would tell me to sit quietly and then read me books.Awhen BwhyCwhere Dwhich第第72页页(杭州第二次质量检测杭州第二次质量检测)Nowadays young people just cant live without the Internet,_ they depend on for whatever information they need.Awhen BwhichCwhere Dthat第第73页页 I dont like _ you speak to her.A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which第第74页页专题专练专题专练1.Do you think such a place _ you speak of is worth visiting?2.He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday,_ I doubt very much.3.There is a lake near our schoolyard,_ depth is out of your expectation.4.-Do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper?-Well,anything is Ok for me.5.The house in _ he used to live has turned into a library.as which whose that which =the lakes 第第75页页6.Students in our school,most of _ are from the south of China,enjoy rice very much.7.Can you think of a situation _ this idiom is used?8._ is often the case,teachers in our school usually return to school on Sunday evenings.9.Which is the road _ leads to the village _ you were born?10.The newcomer is from Jiangxi,_ I can tell from his accent.whom where As that where which =in which 第第76页页