高中选修7Unit4语法教师用.doc

三ZHI 学校 选修7 Unit 4 英语组 打题人：于洋审核人：卢艳红4
· 知识梳理：
语法精讲：复习限制性定语从句
（1）关系代词指物时只用that不用which的情况。
①先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.（作宾语，可省略）
这是我曾经读的最有趣的书。
②先行词被the very,the only等修饰时。如：
This is very book that I’m looking for.（作宾语，可省略）
这就是那本我正在寻找的不寻常的书。
The only thing that he could do was to wait paitiently.（作宾语，可省略）
他唯一能做的事情是耐心等待。
③先行词被序数词修饰时。如：
The first thing that we do in the morning is to clean the classroom. （作宾语，可省略）
我们早上首先要做的事情是打扫教室。
This is the third largest city that was founded in the 1980s.（作主语）
这是在二十世纪八十年代被发现的第三大城市。
④先行词是不定代词时。如：
Is there anything that I can do for you? （作宾语，可省略）
我能为你做什么事情吗？
He did all that he could to help me. （作宾语，可省略）
他竭尽所能地帮助我。
⑤先行词是两个或多个分别表示人或物的名词。如：
He told us many interesting persons and things that we had never heard here. （作宾语，可省略）
他告诉了许多我们在这儿从来没听说过的有趣的人和事。
⑥主语是以who,which 引导的特殊疑问句时。如：
Who is the man that was waiting for you? （作主语，不可省略）
那位正在等你的男子是谁？
Which is the trees that you planted three years ago? （作宾语，可省略）
哪一棵是你三年前种的树？
⑦先行词是主语的表语或关系代词在从句中作表语时。如：
He is not the boy that he used to be。
他不是过去常常那样的男孩了。
China is not longer the country that is used to be.
中国不再是过去那样的国家了。
（2）关系代词指物时只用which不用that的情况。
①关系代词在从句中作介词宾语并且介词提至关系代词前时只用which，但当介词在从句句尾时，两者皆可。
This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
这是我们进行了讨论的问题。
②在非限制性定语从句中必须用which不能用that.
This is the book, which I’m looking for.
〖注〗 which作介词宾语或在非限制性定语从句中不能省略。
（3）which, who或that在定语从句中作主语时不能省略，但作宾语时可以省略。
I have found the book that I lost before.
我找到了我以前丢的那本书。（作宾语，可以省略）
He who studies hardest gets the highest score.
谁学习最刻苦谁就得到最高分数。（作主语，不可省略）
（4）whose在定语从句中即可以指人又可以指物。
I don’t like the students whose homework can’t be handed in on time.
我不喜欢那些不按时上交作业的学生。（whose指人）
The house whose roof is plain is my house.
平房顶的那座房子是我家。（whose指物）
· 典题精析：
---单选：
B1. That evening, ___ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.（三智题库-YY）
A. that B. which C. what D. when
A2. Ａlot of language learning, has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much
to their children during that period. （2012安徽）
A. as B. it C. which D. this
D3. Sales director is a position ______communication ability is just as important as sales skills. （2012重庆）
A. which B. that C. when D. where
B4. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. （2012北京）
A. that B. which C. where D. when
C5. The air quality in the city, _____ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. （三智题库-YY）
A. that B. it C. as D. what
C6. It is the third time that she has won the race, ____ has surprised us all.（2012陕西）
A. that B. where C. which D. what
C7. Maria has written two novels, both of ___ have been made into television series. （2012山东）
A. them B. that C. which D. what
D8. Care of the soul is a gradual process ____ even the small details of life should be considered. （2012湖南）
A. what B. in what C. which D. in which
B9. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ____ help I would never have got this far. （2012天津）
A. who B. whose C. whom D. which
A10. By 16:30, ____ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold. （三智题库-YY）
A. which B. when C. what D. that
C11. In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses. （2012四川）
A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them
B12. We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. （2012浙江）
A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which
B13. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. （2012浙江）A. which B. who C. where D. whom
B14. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ____ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. 【2012江苏】
A. which B. who C. where D. what
C15. The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination. (三智题库-YY)
A. that B. which C. whose D. what
D16. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ____ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. （2011全国卷II）
A. this B. that C. what D. which
B17. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _________, of course, make all the others upset. （2011北京卷）
A. who B. which C. what D. that
A18. You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station ____ you can hire to reach your host family. (三智题库-YY)
A. which B. where C. when D. as
D19.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other. （2011山东卷）
A. they B. where C. what D. that
C20. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____had taken more than three years. （2011江西卷）
A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which
A21. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream. （2011江苏卷）
A. when B. where C. that D. which
C22. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks. （三智题库-YY）
A. when B. which C. where D. while
A23. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ____ uses it somewhat differently. （2011浙江卷）
A. which B. what C. them D. those
C24. A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. （2011浙江卷）
A. when B. that C. where D. there
A25. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ____ allows them to communicate freely with each other. （2011福建卷）
A. which B. where C. what D. who
D26. The school shop, _____ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays. （2011四川卷）
A. which B. whose C. when D. where
A27. The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. （2011天津卷）
A. when B. that C. where D. which
B28.I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _____ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. （2011陕西卷）
A. which B. where C. who D. that
C29.Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _________ she spoke fluently. (2011湖南卷)
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
· 能力提升
---完形填空（北京-2004）：
When I joined a private football league a few years ago, the sport meant everything to me. My coach said that I had lots of potential, and I became captain of my 1 . That was before all the fun was taken out of 2 . At first, everyone on the team got 3 playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the 4 started. Some parents, who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have 5 one-on-one training, got angry when she didn’t give them more playing time in our 6 . The coach was replaced. The new coach, however, took all the fun out of the game: all we did during practice was 7 . I always wished to God that it would rain so we would not have the 8 . Of course, all teams run drills; they are 9 . But we ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble 10 . Younger people shouldn’t be doing exercises 11 for 18-year-olds. I was very thin 12 I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn’t eat much, because I was afraid of being too 13 to run. I feared making mistakes, and the added pressure caused me to make more than my usual 14 . Is all this pressure necessary? I 15 up leaving the football team. Four other girls did the same, and two of them stopped playing football completely. That’s 16 , because they had so much potential. They were just burned-out with all the pressure they 17 from the coach or their parents. I continued playing football at school and 18 my love for it. I joined a private team coached by my school coach. When I started playing 19 him, he told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous. After I 20 down, I played better. When you enjoy something, it’s a lot easier to do it well.
C1. A. class B. club C. team D. board
A2. A. playing B. living C. learning D. working
B3. A. great B. equal C. right D. extra
D4. A. business B. struggle C. attempt D. pressure
B5. A. free B. private C. good D. basic
A6. A. matches B. courses C. lessons D. programs
C7. A. jump B. play C. run D. shoot
D8. A. duty B. meeting C. operation D. training
A9. A. necessary B. boring C. scientific D. practical
D10. A. speaking B. moving C. sleeping D. breathing
B11. A. used B. intended C. made D. described
C12. A. till B. since C. before D. because
A13. A. full B. tired C. lazy D. big
B14. A. size B. share C. space D. state
C15. A. gave B. kept C. ended D. picked
A16. A. sad B. shameful C. silly D. serious
D17. A. received B. suffered C. brought D. felt
B18. A. reconsidered B. rediscovered C. re-formed D. replaced
C19. A. at B. by C. for D. around
D20. A. fell B. stepped C. slowed D. calmed
· 随堂小测
Everyone needs frends.A friend can give us help and share sorrows and happy with us.But how can we make friends?
First,to make friends,you must be friendly to the others.Smile to people around you and you are sure get a smile in return.Think much of others than of yourself and never judge a person by his appearance and clothes.Second,friends should not quarrel.When you don't agree with anyone,please discuss with him.Finally,never trust in those who leave you when youare in trouble.Remember,a friend in needs is a friend indeed.
Friends should be faithfully to each other.So long as you can put your friends' interesting in front of you,you will have a lot of good friends.
参考答案：
happy->happinesses，改成名词形式，作share的宾语
the others -> others，不限定不要加the
much-> more，后面有than，所以要用比较级
second -> secondly 第二，要用副词形式
anyone -> someone, 某人用someone不是anyone（anyone是任何人）
needs -> need in need 在需要时：
faithfully -> faithful 应该用形容词
interesting -> interests 利益，用名词
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师生互动：
I think success has no rules, but you can learn a lot from failure. - Jean Kerr
我认为成功没有定律,但你可从失败中学到很多东西. 静.科尔
There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure. - Colin L. Powell
成功没有诀窍.它是筹备,苦干以及在失败中汲取教训的结果.
Few things are impossible in themselves; and it is often for want of will, rather than of means, that man fails to succeed. - La Rocheforcauld, French writer
事情很少有根本做不成的；其所以做不成，与其说是条件不够，不如说是由于决心不够.-法国作家 罗切福考尔德

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