上海版牛津英语4B期末知识点复习.doc

4B期末复习资料
Chapter 1
一、名词单数变复数的规律：
1、可数名词以s, x, ch, sh,部分o结尾的名词+ es
benches, buses ， classes ， glasses， dresses， waitresses ， foxes boxes，peaches， sandwiches， watches ， branches ， dishes， brushes，fishes， beaches
2、辅音+y结尾的名词，去y变i+ es
Lady---ladies cherry---cherries strawberry---strawberries library---libraries fly---flies lorry---lorries body---bodies baby---babies story---stories city---cities family---families， aviary---aviaries party---parties battery---batteries
3．以f或fe结尾的名词，去f , fe 变v + es
knife---knives（小刀） wolf---wolves leaf---leaves scarf---scarves
life---lives
4、不可数名词没有复数
用“ / ”表示
water juice meat coffee tea hair jam glue paper ice grass rice flour milk sugar bread butter corn hay honey food fruit sand corn fish
homework hair string
5、不规则单词：
man---men child---children tooth---teeth foot---feet mouse---mice woman---women
6、单复数不变的名词
sheep---sheep deer---deer
Chapter 2
二、反义词
1. short--- long/tall
2. big---small
3. tall---short
4. old---young /new
5. new---old
6. large---little
7. smooth---rough
8. hard---soft
9. hot---cold
10. strong---weak(软弱)
11. sharp---blunt(钝的)
12. brave---afraid
13. black---white
14. thin---fat
15. fast---slow (慢)
16. quiet---loud
17. warm---cool
18. clean---dirty
19. dry---wet
20. full--hungry
21. sit up---stand down
22. turn on---turn off
23. open---close
24. go---come
25. behind---in front of
26. left---right
27. on---under /off
28. this---that
29. these---those
30. put on---take off
31. good---bad
32. inside---outside
33. here----there
34. bring---take
35. happy---sad
36. open---close/shut
37. rise---go down 38. before—after 39. always--never
三、疑问代词
1.what什么 （对句子中的宾语提问）
2.what colour 什么颜色（对颜色提问）
3. what shape什么形状（对形状提问）
4.what time什么时间（对几点钟提问）
5.where哪里（对地点／介词词组提问）
6.when什么时候（对时间／年，月，日，星期提问
7.which哪一个／哪一些（对句子中的定语提问）
8.why为什么（对原因提问）
9.who谁（对主语，宾语提问）
10.whose谁的（对所有格提问）
11..how怎样（对方式，程度，身体提问）
12. how many多少（对可数名词数量提问）
13. how old几岁（对年龄提问）
14..how much多少（对不可数名词数量提问，对价格提问）
四、人称代词
主格
宾格
所有格
I
me
my
you
you
your
he
him
his
she
her
her
it
it
its
we
us
our
you
you
your
they
them
their
五、同音词
here---hear
where---wear
their---there
meet---meat
for---four
too---two---to
I---eye
know---no
see---sea
pear---pair
dear---deer
bee---be
son---sun
hour---our
bye---by---buy
write---right
flower--flour
know---no
who’s---whose
Chapter 3
六、时态
上海版牛津英语4B期末知识点复习
1、 一般现在时
1）表达频繁发生，反复发生，习惯性发生的一种状态。
2）常见单词： often sometimes usually always never every day
3）句子结构：
★肯定句： 主语（第一、二、三复）+动词原形
主语（第三人称单数）+动词第三人称单数
★否定句：主语（第一、二、三复）+don’t+ 动词原形
主语（第三人称单数）+doesn’t+动词原形（助动词后加动词原形）
★一般疑问句：Do+ 主语（第一、二、三复）+动词原形? Yes, 主+do. No, 主+ don’t.
Does+ 主语（第三人称单数）+动词原形? Yes, 主+does. No, 主+ doesn’t.
★特殊疑问句：疑问词+ do+ 主语（第一、二、三复）+动词原形?
疑问词+ does+ 主语（第三人称单数）+动词原形?
4) 动词第三人称构成
★一般情况+s
★以s, sh, ch, o结尾加es: watches, washes, catches, brushes, goes
★以辅音字母加y结尾,去y加ies: carries, flies,
★特殊情况： have---has
2、现在进行时
1）表达动作正在进行中。
2）常见单词： listen look now 时间点
3）句子结构：
★肯定句： 主语+be+动词现在分词
★否定句：主语+be+not+动词现在分词
★一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词现在分词?
★特殊疑问句：疑问词+ be+主语+动词现在分词?
4) 动词现在分词构成
★一般情况+ing
★以不发音的e结尾去e加ing: dancing, making, taking, living, riding, dozing,
★重读闭音节，双写加ing: putting, chatting, sitting, digging, swimming, running, getting
Chapter 4
七、语法点
1、量词： a glass of a pair of a bar of a cup of a box of a bowl of…
1）量词词组后面跟不可数名词或可数名词复数。a glass of juice, a box of cookies
2) 量词词组的单复数以量词前的数词为准：a pair of scissors 单数 two pairs of scissors复数
2、选择疑问句：
1） 用or连接两个选项部分。
2）不能用yes, no回答。
Is it an apple or an orange? It’s an apple.
3、询问感官
1） 用be 动词： How is it? How are they?
2) 用助动词： How does it feel/ smell/ taste? How do they feel/ smell/ taste?
4、to have 的句型
What do you have? I have…
What does he have? He has…..
5、询问物主
1） 句子结构: Whose +名词+ be+主语？主语+be+物主代词/所有格+名词。
Whose knife is this/that? It’s Danny’s.
Whose books are these/those? They are my books.
2) 名词所有格的构成
单数名词后面加’s Peter’s cat my mother’s car the tree’s shadow
复数名词后面加’ the dogs’ tails teachers’ office the trees’ shadows
6、介词用法
1）in +季节、月份、年份、国家、早、下午、傍晚 in spring in January in 1998 in China
2）on+星期、日期 on Sunday on June the first
3）at+节日、时间点、晚上、周末、中午 at seven o’clock at the Double Ninth Festival
7、 时间表达法
1）直接表达法：
整点： 小时+o’clock ten o’clock
其他时间： 小时+分钟 five fifteen 5:15 twelve forty-five 12:45 one thirty 1:30
2) 间接表达法：
半点： half past+小时 half past one 1:30
不过半点： 分钟+past+小时 a quarter past five 5:15
过半点： 几点差几分 分钟+to+小时 a quarter to one 12:45
8、let+宾格+动词原形。
9、球类前面不加the, 乐器前面要加the
Play football play the piano
10、游泳课程须知 swimming class
游泳需要： a swimsuit a swimming cap a pair of swimming goggles
游泳前（before）： do warm-up exercises clean your body
游泳后（after）: clean your body
游泳好处： Swimming is fun. It makes you healthy and strong.
11、动物食性：
Cat---fish dog---bones parrot----corn tortoise-----meat
12、房间以及相应的功能
bedroom---sleep living room----watch TV(television)
bathroom---wash hair kitchen---cook dinner
13、名词变形容词: noise—noisy sun—sunny cloud—cloudy wind—windy rain—rainy puzzle---puzzled music----musical
动词变形容词: wake—awake sleep—asleep
14、一日三餐： have breakfast have lunch have dinner
15、是做什么的时候了： It’s time to +动词原形 It’s time for+名词
16、 首字母大写： 人名，国家，语言，星期，月份，节日， 学科，国籍，年级， 班级
17、乐器发音：
Piano---ding triangle---ting violin----zing drum----boom
18、每周的第一天： Sunday is the first of the week.
19、节日的相关信息：
Festival
Month
Weather
Activity
Traditional food
the Spring Festival
in January or February
cold and snowy
buy new clothes, watch the fireworks
dumpling, fish
the Dragon Boat Festival
In May or June
hot, sunny or rainy
watch dragon boat races
rice dumplings
the Mid-autumn Festival
September or October
cool and dry
look at the beautiful moon
mooncakes
the Double Ninth Festival
October
cool and dry
climb the mountains, visit old people
Double Ninth cakes
中国传统节日前加the
八、语音
/a: / car park yard Mark
/u: / blue school Sue noon
/ ɔ:/ Laura floor door
/ɜ: / skirt purse girl
/i: / bee tea see
/ɪə/ deer tear here beer fear hear ear clear
/eə/ where chair hair wear there pear bear square Clare
/aɪ/ five pie Mike smile mine line
/əu/ Joe goat Flo toast boat coat go hello toe
/ɔɪ/ toy noise boy Joyce noise
/aʊ/ mouse bow cow owl ouch out brown cloud
/eɪ/ today May wait day play hurray
/ ð / smooth this that those these the there their them then
/ θ / thin thick think birthday mouth month path
Chapter 5
九、作文
My favourite Festival
I like the Spring Festival. The Spring Festival is in January or February. It is cold and snowy. During the Spring Festival, People go to the supermarket. People usually buy new clothes and watch the fireworks. People eat dumplings.
My Day
My name’s Betty. I am very busy. I get up at seven o’clock. I go to school at eight o’clock. I have seven classes. I go home at four o’clock. I often play football after school. I usually do my homework at seven o’clock. I am busy, but I am happy.
Ben’s Day
Ben is very busy. He gets up at seven o’clock. He goes to school at eight o’clock. He has seven classes. He goes home at four o’clock. He often plays football after school. He usually does his homework at seven o’clock. Ben is busy, but he is happy.
My week
My name’s Betty. I am very busy. I go to school from Monday to Friday. I play football on Monday. I play the piano on Wednesday. I go to the Chinese chess club on Friday. On Saturday and Sunday , I often go to the park. I am busy, but I am happy.
Ben’s week
He is Ben. He is very busy. He goes to school from Monday to Friday. He plays football on Monday. He plays the piano on Wednesday. He goes to the Chinese chess club on Friday. On Saturday and Sunday , He often goes to the park. He is busy, but he is happy.
My family
My name’s Betty. It’s six o’clock. My mother is cooking dinner. My father is watching TV. My brother is making a model plane. He can do it very well. I am doing my homework. We are all very happy.
My favourite fruit
I like watermelons. Look at this watermelon. It’s green outside. It’s red inside. Touch it. It’s hard and smooth. Smell it. It’s nice. Taste it. It’s sweet. I often eat the watermelons in summer.
My favourite pet
I like cats very much. I have a cat. It’s white. It’s small. Its eyes are big. Its tail is long. It can climb the tree. It likes eating cat food and fish. It likes playing with the ball. It’s very cute!
My favourite sport
My favourite sport is swimming. I have a pair of swimming goggles, a swimsuit and a swimming cap. I do warm-up exercises before swimming. Swimming can make me healthy and happy.
My favourite room
My favourite room is my bedroom. My bedroom is small but clean. There is a bed near the window. There is a desk near the bed. I often do my homework on the desk. I like listening to the music in my bedroom.
My shadow
This is my shadow. She’s my friend. My shadow often go with me. Sometimes it’s long. Sometimes it’s short. Sometime’s it’s in front of me. Sometimes it’s behind me. I like my shadow.
The tree’s shadow
In the morning, the sun rises in the morning. The tree’s shadow is long. It’s on the lawn. At noon, the sun is high in the sky. The tree’s shadow grows short. It’s on the bench. The sun goes down in the evening. The tree’s shadow grows long again. It’s on the path.
单纯的课本内容，并不能满足学生的需要，通过补充，达到内容的完善
教育之通病是教用脑的人不用手，不教用手的人用脑，所以一无所能。教育革命的对策是手脑联盟，结果是手与脑的力量都可以大到不可思议。