高中英语语法定语从句及专项练习.doc

定语从句及专项练习
语法解释：
定语从句 —— 修饰名词或代词的从句。换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。
先行词 —— 被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。
关系词 —— 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词分两种： 一是关系代词(在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分)
二是关系副词(在定语从句中担任状语成分)
关系词的三个功能：
1. 连接功能（连接先行词与定语从句）；
2. 担任功能（在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语）；
3. 替代功能（在定语从句中代替先行词）。
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. ——
A plane is a machine, and the machine can fly. ——
A plane is a machine that can fly.

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as
在定语从句中可担任主语的是： who, that, which, as
在定语从句中可担任宾语的是： who, whom, that, which, as
在定语从句中可担任定语的是： whose, which
当先行词是人时，可用的关系词是：who, whom, that, as
当先行词是物时，可用的关系词是：which, that, whose, as

关系副词有：when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因)
关系副词 = 介词 + which / whom

定语从句分为两种：限制性与非限制性。
先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗号隔开则为非限制性。

非限制性定语从句一般不可用关系代词that引导。

唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as 引导。

以下练习详细介绍了定语从句使用的具体语法规则。
一. 单选：
1. A football fan is _____ has a strong interest in football.
A. that B. who C. a person who D. what
2. The house, _____ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.
A. whose roof B. which roof C. its roof D. the roof
3. Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day?
A. that you talked B. you talked about it
C. which you talked D. you talked about
4. The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.
A. that B. what C. why D. for which
5. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
6. Who _____ has common sense（常识） will do such a thing?
A. which B. who C. whom D. that
7. All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.
A. that B. those C. which D. what
8. They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
9. I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night.
A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all
10. A child _____ parents have died is called an orphan.
A. who B. who’s C. whose D. which
11. Is this the museum _____ you visited the other day?
A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
12. Is this museum _____ some German friends visited last Wednesday?
A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
13. — How do you like the book? — It’s quite different from _____ I read last month.
A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what
14. Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal?
A. which B. what C. why D. for that
15. The train _____ she was traveling was late.
A. which B. where C. on which D. in that
16. He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept.
A. where B. on which C. under which D. which
17. Antarctic _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
A. which B. where C. that D. about which
18. He arrived at a time, ______, in his opinion, was rather inappropriate for them.
A. that B. / C. which D. when
19. He often helps the students _____ he thinks are not quick at their studies.
A. whom B. who C. when D. because
20. The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.
A. when B. during that C. in which D. which
21. He was born in the year _____ the Anti-Japanese War broke out.
A. which B. when C. on which D. during which
22. Mr. Crossett will never forget the day _____ he spent with his various students.
A. when B. which C. on which D. in which
23. This is just the place _____ I am looking forward to visiting these years.
A. that B. where C. in which D. to where
24. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _____ live my grandparents.
A. which B. that C. who D. where
25. The hotel _____ during our holidays stands by the seaside.
A. in which we stayed B. where we stayed at
C. we stayed D. in that we stayed

26. I have bought the same dress _____ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D. than
27. He is not _____ a fool _____.
A. such/as he is looked B. such/as he looks
C. as/as he is looked D. so/as he looks
28. The time ______ was given to us was too limited. We must hurry up.
A. when B. during which C. that D. for which
29. Some of the roads were flooded, _____ made our journey more difficult.
A. which B. it C. what D. that
30. He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.
A. that B. as C. who D. what
31. He has two sons, _____ work as chemists.
A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom
32. The buses, _____ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. most of that B. which most C. most of which D. that most
33. My glasses, _____ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.
A. which B. with which C. without which D. that
34. Mr. Wu, _____ everybody likes, is going to give us a talk on chemistry.
A. whom B. that C. which D. /
35. This is Mr. Smith, _____ I think has something interesting to tell us.
A. who B. whom C. that D. /
36. _____, the compass was first made in China.
A. It is known to all B. It is known that
C. We all know D. As is known to all
37. I, _____ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is
38. He is a man of great experience, _____ much can be learned.
A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom
39. It was such a serious mistake, _____ caused by carelessness.
A. which I think was B. which I think it was
C. I think which was D. I think which it was
40. He lived in London for 3 months, during _____ he picked up some English.
A. this B. which C. that D. when
41. The general at last got a chance to visit the village _____ he used to fight, _____ he had been dreaming of for years.
A. that/which B. where/that C. in which/what D. where/which
42. I will hire the man _____ they say is a good English speaker.
A. who B. that C. which D. whom
43. He has to work on Sundays, _____ he does not like.
A. and which B. which C. and when D. when
44. I gave him a warning, _____ he turned a deaf ear.
A. of which B. for which C. to that D. to which
45. My father has made me _____ I am.
A. who B. which C. what D. that
46. She is one of the few girls who _____ passed the examination.
A. was B. were C. has D. have
47. He is my son, _____ a better son does not exist.
A. but B. than who C. against whom D. than whom
48. As many members _____ were present agreed to the plan.
A. who B. that C. which D. as
49. You may call on me from one to five o’clock, during _____ I am always at home.
A. the time B. what time C. that time D. which time
50. China is the birthplace of kites, _____ kiteflying (放风筝) spread to Japan, Korea, and India.
A. from there B. where C. from where D. there
二. 用定语从句完成下列句子：
1. I’ve grown so crazy about everything ________________________________________________ (与大自然有关的).

2. I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains ____________________________ (挂在满是灰尘的窗前的).

3. Later in the next century, people ___________________________ (来自英格兰的) made voyage to conquer other parts of the world.

4. At first the English ________________________________________________________________ (在公元450至1150年间所说的) was very different from the English which/that is spoken today.

5. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude ________________________________ (有五千多米高的), she seemed to be excited about it.

6. The book ______________________________________________ (老师刚刚提到的) will be very helpful with our English learning.

7. Mr. Smith is very wealthy, but he is always driving an old car ____________________________ (门都已经破了的).

8. Scientists are trying to explain the reasons _____________________________________________ (为什么地球正在变暖).

9. Li Hua has two cousins ___________________________________ (在北京工作的), and another one _______________________________ (在家乡务农的).

10. There are three books on the desk, all of _______________________________________________ (都是有关南非黑人的平等权利的).

Answers to the practice:
一.
1 – 5 CADAB 6 – 10 DABDC
11 – 15 ADCCC 16 – 20 ADCBC
21 – 25 BBADA 26 – 30 ABCAB
31 – 35 BCCAA 36 – 40 DBDAB
41 – 45 DABDC 46 – 50 DCDDC
二.
1. that has something to do with nature
2. that/which were hanging before very dusty windows
3. who came from England
4. which/that was spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150
5. which/that was of more than 5,000 meters
6. which/that the teacher mentioned just now
7. whose door is broken
8. why the earth is becoming warmer
9. who are working in Beijing; who is farming in the hometown
10. which are about the equal rights for black people in South Africa