牛津高中英语模块二Unit1-重点词汇精讲.doc

重点词汇精讲一、重点词汇列表动词search, murder, support, exist名词creature, witness, research, possibility, case, evidence, progress, treasure, strength形容词puzzled, puzzling, convincing, disappointed, similar 重点词组run into, step up, due to, go missing, show up, according to, put on, rule out, look into, make up, take charge of, so far, be similar to, be said to do, run after, on average 二、精选词汇讲解1. search (1) search vt./vi. 搜索,搜寻,搜查 search sb 搜（某人的）身；search somewhere 在某处搜查search somewhere for sth. 在某处搜寻某物；search for sth. 搜寻/寻找某物They searched him without any reason.他们毫无理由地搜了他的身。They searched every part of the temple for the murderer. 他们对这座寺庙进行了全面搜查，以便找出凶手。Scientists are searching for a cure for the disease. 科学家正在寻找治愈这种疾病的办法。He is searching for the missing key. 他正在寻找失踪的钥匙。(2) search n. 搜寻，寻找 in search of 寻找/寻求某物The villagers continued their search for the lost child in the forest. 村民们继续在森林里寻找那个迷路的孩子。Migrant workers moved from city to city in search of work. 流动工人为找工作从一个城市移居到另一个城市。He went in search of a doctor for his sick wife. 他去为他生病的妻子找医生。2. support (1) support vt. 支撑；支持，拥护；维持, 赡养；证实 The old man entered the room supported by his grandson. 老人由孙子扶着进了房间。 They supported the Democratic Party. 他们支持/拥护民主党。 The desert climate supports little plant life. 沙漠气候使很少的植物能维持下去/存活。 He has a large family to support. 他要养活一大家子人。 Can you give some examples to support your argument? 你能举几个例子来论证你的论点吗?(2) support n. 支援，帮助；拥护；支撑；供养； Hunter is the chief support of the family. 亨特是他家的主要赡养者。 Jim was a great support to us when father died. 父亲死后，吉姆给了我们巨大的帮助。 We need your support. 我们需要你们的支持。3. witness(1) witness n. c. 目击者; 见证人；证明，见证 a witness to/of.是.的目击证人 The police found the witness to the murder. 警察找到了那个谋杀案的目击证人。 She was a witness of the accident. 她是那次事故的目击证人。 You cannot sign your will without witnesses. 没有见证人的情况下你不能签署你的遗嘱。 His whole life was a witness to his honesty. 他的整个一生就是对他的诚实的见证。(2) witness vt./ vi. 目击，亲眼看见；为作证 witness to . / to doing . 为某事作证/ 为做某事作证 Did anyone witness the robbery? 有人亲眼目睹了这次抢劫案吗？ She witnessed our wedding. 她见证了我们的婚礼。 He witnessed to having seen the man enter the building. 他证明说看到那个人进了那栋楼。 This gift witnesses to his generosity. 这件礼物见证了他的慷慨。4. puzzled (1) puzzle vt. 使迷惑,使困惑 The womans illness puzzled the doctor, and he couldnt find the cause. 那妇女的病使那医生很困惑，他就是找不到病因。 The teacher was puzzled by the students question. 老师被这个学生的问题难住了。(2) puzzle n. n. 难题,难解之事,谜 We are trying to work out a puzzle. 我们正设法解出一个难题。(3) puzzled adj. 困惑的,茫然的 ； puzzling adj. 令人困惑的,莫名其妙的 a puzzled mother 一位困惑的母亲；a puzzling case 一件令人困惑的案件Im puzzled about what to do next. 我很迷茫下一步该干什么。He couldnt sleep well as he was thinking about the puzzling problem. 他睡不好，因为他一直在思考着那个令人困惑的问题。She listened with a puzzled expression on her face. 她脸上带着困惑的表情在倾听着。(4) 注意：在英语中，动词的现在分词或过去分词可用作形容词。当用来表示人的情绪状态或感觉时，常用过去分词形式的形容词，这些词常用来修饰人或look, expression, voice, face 等名词。当表示事物的特征或属性时，常用现在分词形式的形容词。如： frighten vt. 使惊吓； frightened adj. 感到害怕的； frightening adj. 令人害怕的disappoint vt.使失望； disappointed adj. 感到失望的； disappointing adj. 令人失望的 surprise vt. 使惊奇； surprised adj. 感到惊讶的； surprising adj. 令人惊讶的excite vt. 使兴奋 excited adj. 感到兴奋的，激动的 exciting adj. 令人激动的5. convincing(1) convincing adj. 使人信服的,有力的,令人心悦诚服的 convincing evidence 令人信服的证据； convincing arguments 令人信服的论据 No one has e up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs died out. 尚未有人能对恐龙的灭绝作出一个令人信服的解释。(2) convinced adj. 相信的，被说服的 Im quite convinced. 我很相信（这件事）。(3) convince vt. 使相信，说服 convince sb. of sth使某人相信某事；sb. be convinced of.某人相信某事convince sb. that使某人相信某事； convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 I am convinced of her innocence. 我相信他的清白。I have been trying to convince him to see a doctor. 我一直在努力说服他去看医生。We convinced Ann to go by train rather than plane.我们说服Ann坐火车而不是坐飞机去。 He was convinced that it was necessary to get it across to them.他相信有必要告诉他们这件事。6. due to (1) due to （作表语）由于, 因为 His absence was due to the storm. 他的缺席是由于那场暴风雨造成的。(2) duo to (作状语) 由于，因为 He arrived late due to the storm. 他由于暴风雨而迟到了。(3) 表示“由于；因为”的常用近义短语还有： because of.; owing to.; on account of. 但thanks to. 幸亏，由于；多亏（表示的是正面的原因） Thanks to his effort, it is more successful than we have expected. 由于他的努力，我们获得了比预期更大的成功。7. look into(1) look into 调查；检查 look into a question 调查一个问题；look into a case 调查一个案件 The police are looking into the reason why the plane crashed into the sea. 警察正在调查那架飞机坠海的原因。 (2) look into 注视的内部或深处 He looked into the box/ the mirror/ her eyes. 他注视着箱底/ 镜子/她的眼睛。 For a while the sisters could not look into each others faces. 好一阵子姐妹俩都不能互相正视对方的脸。 They stopped to look into the window. 他们停下来看看橱窗。 He looked into the room but found nobody in. 他朝房间里看但没发现有任何人在那。 与look 搭配的常用短语：look about四处寻找； look for寻找，期待 look after照顾，关心； look out 小心，注意；look back 回顾，追忆 look over仔细查看； look down on/upon轻视，看不起; look up仰视，好转8. make up(1) make up编造 The whole story was just made up by him. 整件事完全是他编造出来的。(2) make up 组成 （被动结构：be made up of 由组成） Twelve doctors make up the medical team. 十二名医生组成了那个医疗队。 The medical team was made up of twelve doctors. 那个医疗队由十二名医生组成。(3) make up补足; make up for补偿；弥补 We still need $50 to make up the sum required. 我们需要五十元以补足所需要的数目。 Her beauty cant make up for her stupidity. 她的美丽不能弥补她的愚蠢。 We should try our best to make up for our loss. 我们应该尽最大努力去弥补我们的损失。(4) make ( sb./ ooneself) up 化妆 She took over 30 minutes to make (herself) up. 她花了30多分钟来化妆。 9. take charge of (1) take charge (of )负责；接管；照管 （在句中用做谓语） Who will take charge of the plans of the party? 谁将负责晚会的所有计划？ John was elected the new president of the club and took charge at the next meeting. 约翰被选为俱乐部的新主席并在下一次的集会上接管了俱乐部。 I am willing to take charge of you, Bob, and to educate you, and provide for you. 鲍勃，我愿意照管你、教育你并且抚养你。(2) in charge of （某人）负责某事; in the charge of sb./ in sbs charge （某事）由某人负责/照料/管理； 上面两个短语的区别是两者都可以在句中用作表语、状语、定语，但作表语时，表示人的名词或代词作主语时需用前者，表示某人单位、部门、某项工作时需用后者。 Tom works there, in charge of the sales department. 汤姆在那工作，负责销售部。 rade Yang will be in charge of the work for the time being.杨同志将暂时负责那项工作。 The boy was taken in the charge of his tutor. 这男孩受他的家庭教师管理。 This department is in the charge of Sun Qing. 这一部门由孙清主管。10. be said to do 据说(某人/某事)(1) sb./ sth. be said to do = It is / was said that sb./ sth. 这两个句型替换时要注意谓语动词作相应的变化。 Tom is said to have gone abroad. = It is said that Tom has gone abroad. 据说汤姆已出国了。 The fox is said to be very sly.= It is said that the fox is very sly. 据说狐狸非常狡猾。 It was said that she was as effective as god, bringing the dying back to life. = She was said to be as effective as god, bringing the dying back to life. 据说她是个妙手回春的民间医生。(2) 类似用法的句型： sb./ sth. be believed to do = It is / was believed that sb./ sth. 大家都相信 sb./ sth. be reported to do = It is / was reported that sb./ sth. 据报道 sb./ sth. be supposed to do = It is / was supposed that sb./ sth. 大家公认为 sb./ sth. be (well) knwn to do = It is/was (well) known that sb./ sth. 众所周知 sb./ sth. be thought to do = It is / was thought that sb./ sth. 大家公认为