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A:名词专项
1、可修饰名词的常用词:
修饰可数名词与不可数名词:
some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of
饰可数名词的有:
many, (a)few, a large (great) number of
只修饰不可数名词的有:
much, (a)little, a great deal of
2、难点
1)名词所有格的归纳
1、a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。
2、Children's Day
3、a friend of my father's
4、a twenty minutes' walk,ten miles' journey,a boat's length,two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。
(说明:表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用 's)
5、a map of China,the end of this term,the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。
(说明:无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构)
6、Li Lei and Wang Fei's bedroom, an hour and a half's talk
(说明:表示两个名词共有一样东西时,在第二个名词后面加's)
7、Jim's and Peter's desks; Joe's and David's books
(说明:表示两个名词各有的东西时,在各个名词后都加's。)
2)名词词语辨析
区别部分名词词语辨析:
voice, noise, sound, music
home, house, family, country
place , floor, room , ground
work, job
3、易错点
1)Help yourself to _________.
A. some chickens B. a chicken
C. some chicken D. any chicken
答案: C
选择A的同学要注意chicken当鸡肉讲时不可数)
2)________ it is today!
A. What fine weather B. What a fine weather
C. How a fine weather D. How fine a weather
答案: A.
选择B的同学要注意weather不可数. 选择C和D的同学要注意weather是名词, 要用what来感叹.
3) Which is the way to the __________?
A. shoe factory B. shoes factory
C. shoe’s factory D. shoes’ factory
答案: A.
选择D的同学注意这里不是指名词所有格, 而是名词作形容词的用法.类似的用法如: pencil box; school bag等.
4)This class ________ now. Miss Gao teaches them.
A. are studying B. is studying
5)C. be studying D. studying
答案: A.
选择B的同学要注意, 当这种概念名词当 “人”讲的时候要做复数处理.类似的还有: the police are running after the thief等
B:数词专项
一、基数词
1)基数词读法: 年,月,日,时刻的读法,如2007年六月十三日读作:June (the) thirteenth, two thousand and seven
(主要体现在口语考试和听力题目中)
2)表示一个具体数字时,hundred, thousand, million, billion一律不用复数;在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。
例如:
There are three thousand students in our school.
After the war, thousands of people became homeless.
3)在一些表示"一排"或"一组"的词组里;
如:They arrived in twos and threes. 他们三三两两的到达了。
4)表示"几十岁",
例如:He died still in his forties.
5)表示"年代",用 in +the +数词复数;
二、序数词
1)序数词主要用作定语,前面要加定冠词
例如:
The first truck is carrying a foot baskets.
2)序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”,“又一”这样的意思,例如:
We'll have to do it a second time.
3) 注意较为容易拼写错误的序数词及其缩写形式:one---first, two---second, three---third, five---fifth, eight---eighth, nine---ninth, twelve---twelfth
缩写形式:
first→1st second→2nd third→3rd
fourth→4th twenty-second→22nd
4) 表示分数时,分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时,分母加-s。例如:
three fourths, one second, two fifths
2、难点
倍数表示法
主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. + as
I have three times as many as you. 我有你三倍那么多。
3、易错点
(1)We will have a ______ holiday after the exam.
A. two month B. two-month
C. two month’s D. two-months
答案: B
选择C的同学要注意应用two months’; 选择D的同学要注意名词之间有 “— “ 后的组合词当作形容词来用, 因此就不用所有格形式了.
(2)._______ trees are cut down in the forests every year.
A. Thousand B. Thousands
C. Thousand of D. Thousands of
答案: D.
选择C的同学注意词组记忆的准确性
(3).Our sports meeting will be held ________.
A. on 24, Tuesday, April B. in April 24, Tuesday
C. on Tuesday, April 24 D. in April Tuesday 24
答案: C.
选B的同学是受到中文的影响,要特别注意中英文的差异
(4)Our school will hold a sports meeting next week. Tom and I will be in boys' .
A.800-metres-race B.800-metres race
C.800-metre race D.800 metre race
答案: C
800来修饰race,有两种表达法,800-metre race或800 metres' race.
C:冠词专项
归纳1:不定冠词
a和an均用在单数名词之前,表示某一类人或事物
指某一类人或事物中的任何一个
指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或和物
表示“每一”的意思,相当于every
归纳2: 定冠词
特指某(些)人或某(些)事物
指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物
上文提到过的人或事物
表示世界上独一无二的事物
用在序数词和形容词最高级之前
用在某些形容词之前,表示某一类人或事物
用在某些专有名词之前和某些习惯用语中
用在姓氏复数之前,表示“某某一家人”,“某某夫妇”
用于江湖、海洋、山脉、群岛的名称前面。
用于演奏的乐器之前,活动场所或方向、方位之前。
归纳3: 不用冠词的情况
1)专有名词人名,地名,节日,月份,年份,星期和不可数名词(一般指物质名词和抽象名词)前一般不用冠词。
2)球类,棋类,语言,三餐,游戏名称和颜色前不加冠词。
3) 名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, any, no, each, every等代词作定语时,不用冠词。
4) 在表示家庭成员名称,称呼语,表示头衔或职务的名词前不加冠词。
5) 表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前。
归纳4:区别以下词组
attable at the table at desk at the desk
atschool at the school
by sea by the sea
go to sea go to the sea go to school go to the school go to bed go to the bed
goto hospital go to the hospital
inclass in the class
inbed in the bed
inprison in the prison in hospital in the hospital
inplace of in the place of in case of in the case of
in future in the future
next year the next year
on earth on the earth take place take the place
in front of n the front of out of question out of the question
two of us /the two of us
a teacher and writer a teacher and a writer
3、易错点
(1)It's time for dinner. Kings are at table.
A. /,the B. the, the C. The,/ D./,/
答案: C.
在姓氏复数前用the表示一家人,就餐用at table.
(2)-What do you usually have for breakfast?
-I often have bread and milk.
A./,/ B./,the C. a,/ D. the, the
答案: A.
物质名词前一般不用冠词。
(3)Don't give up, try for second twice.
A. the B. a C./ D. an
答案: B.
根据题意,请再试一次,序数词second前加a,表示another。
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