英语国际音标表与读音规则表(word版).doc

英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）长元音/：/啊(长音）/:/奥（长音)/：/额（长音)/i:/一(长音）/U：/屋（长音）短元音/阿/奥/额/一/U:/屋/e/挨/挨/e/和拼音的“ei”一样/a/挨/外双元音/一而/e/挨而/U/勿而/U/欧/aU/袄辅音（28个）轻辅音/p/颇/t/特/k/克/f/佛/四（咬舌音)/s/四浊辅音/b/伯/d/得/g/个/v/勿/字（咬舌音）/z/自轻辅音/是/h/和/ts/差（ci）/t/迟/tr/缺浊辅音/若/r/日/dz/资/d/之/dr/鼻音/m/呣/n/呢/半元音/j/也/ w/我边音/了英语音标及字母组合对照一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号a在开音节中einame plane Jane baby cake1-01在闭音节中bag dad hat map black back1-02e在开音节中i:he these me Chinese1-03在闭音节中ebed let pen desk yes egg 104i在开音节中aibike fly drive time nice kite105在闭音节中ifish big drink sit milk swim106o在开音节中outhose close go hoe home no1-07在闭音节中clock not box shop sock108u在开音节中ju:student excuse duty Tuesday109在闭音节中bus cup jump much lunch1-10在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读u：音,例如：June blue ruler super111二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号aChina another woman breakfast2-01iorange comrade village cabbage202ehundred student open weekend2-03ichicken pocket begin children2-04i/iholiday beautiful family animal2-05aiexercise satellite2-06osecond tonight somebody welcome2-07ualso zero photo208uautumn diffcult2-09ju：popular congratulation January2-101 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读ei音，例如：operate 2 u处在开音节位置,211又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读u（:)音,例如：July influence February issue2-12在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作音，也可以读作i音。三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号a在w音后面want what watch wash quality301a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前:after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father3-02i在nd -ld和gh前aifind child light high303o在st -ld前oumost postcard old cold3-04o在m n v th前come monkey love mother3-05四、r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号arar在w音后面:car farm dark sharpener401：warm quarter towards402oror在w音后面:forty morning short4-03:word worker worse404er ir ur：certainly bird Thursday405辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节，而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry4-06-r音节在非重读音节中通常读音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday4-07五、re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号arecare dare hare501ereihere mere502ireaifire hire wire 503ore：more score before5-04urejupure cure505are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读音,例如：picture pleasure5-06重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读r音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring 5-07某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph 508六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号ai/ayeiafraid rain wait day play601airair hair chair pair repair 6-02alal在f m前small ball talk wall all603:l always also salt almost6-04:half calm6-05au/aw：autumn daughter draw6-06eai：teach easy cheap please6-07 eheavy bread sweater weather6-08eibreak great 6-09 earihear dear near clear year6-10bear pear wear swear611：earth learn early612eei:jeep week green three6-13eeripioneer deer beer6-14ei/eyeieight neighbour they615 i：either key6-16eu/ew在j l r s后ju:new few newspaper6-17u：flew brew jewelry 618ie/eis音之后i:piece field receive619oaoucoat Joan boat goal620 oar/oor:roar board door floor6-21oi/oyinoise point boy toilet622oou：broom food tooth school6-23ubook look cook foot good6-24ou/owauflower house count down625ouknow row throw though6-26young country enough627u:group you soup628our：course your four629auour hour ours630:journey631ui在j l r s后ju：ifluid suicide tuition6-32u：juice fruit suit6-33七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组或字群读 音例 词编 号ai/ay ei/eyiSunday foreign monkey701owouyellow sparrow tomorrow7-02元音字组在非重读音节中读音或i。例如：neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee 7-03sion tionnimpression nation 704sion在元音字母后nvision decision occasion 705tion在s后nquestion suggestion7-06stensnlisten7-07-stleslwhistle708-surepleasure measure709turepicture culture710八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如:everydayei handbagblackboard：801有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：sun太阳 + dayei日子 Sundayi 星期天holy神圣 + dayei日子 holidayi 假日break中断 + fast：斋戒 breakfast 早餐cup茶杯 + board木板: cupboard 碗柜 802九、辅字组的读音辅字组读 音例 词编 号bbbike bus bag901 /bomb tomb 902cc在e前或在i/y前kcake picture coat music9-03sface decide cinema9-04chmuch chick rich teacher905kschool headache chemistry906machine Chicago907-ckkcock pocket black knock908dddoctor bread hand day 909-dgebridge fridge9-10dr-drchildren driver drink9-11fffive four breakfast9-12gg在e i/y前 bag gardon go 9-13orange large German 9-14ghfcough enough915/light daughter high9-16gu- guegu在非重读音节中guess league dialogue917wlanguage anguish 9-18hhhot head house hand919/hour honest9-20jjeep jar joke join July921kkkind bike skate make week9-22kn-nknife know knock923lllife milk school tall9-24mmmonkey come autumn925-mnmautumn column solemn926nn在k g音前nnot shine ten note 9-27uncle thank hungry928-ngmorning young wrong9-29pppaper plane pig ship pen9-30phfelephant photo telephone9-31qkIraq9-32qu-kwquality quite 9-33rrred rubber ruler934s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前ssit sleep desk9-35zmusic husband936sc-skscarlet9-37smuscle science938shshe fish shirt wash9-39t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前tten letter meet9-40patient nation9-41tchwatch 942th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾the -ther中thin thirty method9-43the these with than9-44clothe father weather9-45trtrtree train country truck9-46vvvery voice love leave947wwweek win wake sweet wait9-48/answer two 9-49wh-wh-在字母o前wwhat when white why9-50hwho whose whole951x在重读元音前 ksbox text exercise9-52gzexamle exist exact9-53wrrwrite9-54y-jyes yard yellow young9-55zzpuzzle zero zoo956十、英语语音名词解释1音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节(m n l例外)。从单词拼写形式上看,有几个元字组就有几个音节。0-012音节的划分 在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节.例如：letter member children daughter在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时,如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。例如:长音 pa-per student father ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短音 seven study moth-er ver-y modle weath-er0-023重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号.0034开音节 绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节.例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent secret。相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name these bike home ex-cuse.0-045闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup0-056双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。例如：student Chi-na second autumn indeed 含有a be de- re- in- ex 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如:about before excuse repair forgetful inven-tor0-067多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如:el-e-phant congrat-ulation词尾有ic或-tion,sion的词，在ic或-sion,tion前的一个音节上重读.例如：scientific impression nation007