资源描述
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1地形地貌 geographic and geomorphic
工程地质条件 engineering geological conditions
地形地貌条件 geographic and geomorphic conditions
地形 land form
地貌 geomorphology, relief
微地貌 microrelief
地貌单元 landform unit, geomorphic unit
坡度 grade
地形图 relief map
河谷 river valley
河道 river course
河床 river bed(channel)
冲沟 gully, gulley, erosion gully, stream(brook)
河漫滩 floodplain(valley flat)
阶地 terrace
冲积平原 alluvial plain
三角洲 delta
古河道 fossil river course, fossil stream channel
冲积扇 alluvial fan
洪积扇 diluvial fan
坡积裙 talus apron
分水岭 divide
盆地 basin
岩溶地貌 karst land feature, karst landform
溶洞 solution cave, karst cave
落水洞 sinkhole
土洞 Karstic earth cave
2地层岩性
地层 geostrome (stratum, strata)
岩性 lithologic character, rock property
岩体 rock mass
岩层 bed stratum
岩层 layer, rock stratum
母岩 matrix, parent rock
相变 facies change
硬质岩 strong rock, film
软质岩 weak rock
硬质的 competent
软质的 incompetent
基岩 bedrock
岩组 petrofabric
覆盖层 overburden
交错层理 cross bedding
层面 bedding plane
片理 schistosity
层理 bedding
板理(叶理) foliation
波痕 ripple-mark
泥痕 mud crack
雨痕 raindrop imprints
造岩矿物 rock—forming minerals
粘土矿物 clay mineral
高岭土kaolinite
蒙脱石 montmorillonite
伊利石 illite
云母 mica
白云母 muscovite
黑云母 biotite
石英 quartz
长石 feldspar
正长石 orthoclase
斜长石 plagioclase
辉石 pyroxene, picrite
角闪石 hornblende
方解石 calcite
构造 structure
结构 texture
组构 fabric(tissue)
矿物组成 mineral composition
结晶质 crystalline
非晶质 amorphous
产状 attitude
火成岩 igneous
岩浆岩 magmatic rock
火山岩(熔岩)lava
火山 volcano
侵入岩 intrusive(invade) rock
喷出岩 effusive rock
深成岩 plutonic rock
浅成岩 pypabysal rock
酸性岩 acid rock
中性岩 inter-mediate rock
基性岩 basic rock
超基性岩 ultrabasic rock
岩基 rock base (batholith)
岩脉(墙) dike
岩株 rock stock
岩流 rock flow
岩盖 rock laccolith (laccolite)
岩盆 rock lopolith
岩墙 rock dike
岩床 rock sill
岩脉 vein dyke
花岗岩 granite
斑岩 porphyry
玢岩 porphyrite
流纹岩 rhyolite
正长岩 syenite
粗面岩 trachyte
闪长岩 diorite
安山岩 andesite
辉长岩 gabbro
玄武岩 basalt
细晶岩 aplite
伟晶岩 pegmatite
煌斑岩 lamprophyre
辉绿岩 diabase
橄榄岩 dunite
黑曜岩 obsidian
浮岩 pumice
火山角砾岩 vulcanic breccia
火山集块岩 volcanic agglomerate
凝灰岩tuff
沉积岩 sedimentary rock
碎屑岩 clastic rock
粘土岩 clay rock
粉砂质粘土岩 silty claystone
化学岩 chemical rock
生物岩 biolith
砾岩 conglomerate
角砾岩 breccia
砂岩 sandstone
石英砂岩 quartz sandstone
粉砂岩 siltstone
钙质粉砂岩 calcareous siltstone
泥岩 mudstone
页岩 shale
盐岩 saline
石灰岩 limestone
白云岩 dolomite
泥灰岩 marl
泥钙岩 argillo—calcareous
泥砂岩 argillo—arenaceous
砂质 arenaceous
泥质 argillaceous
硅质的 siliceous
有机质 organic matter
粗粒 coarse grain
中粒 medium-grained
沉积物 sediment (deposit)
漂石、顽石 boulder
卵石 cobble
砾石 gravel
砂 sand
粉土 silt
粘土 clay
粘粒 clay grain
砂质粘土 sandy clay
粘质砂土 clayey sand
壤土、亚粘土 loam
砂壤土、亚砂土轻亚粘土 sandy loam
浮土、表土 regolith (topsoil)
黄土 loess
红土 laterite
泥灰 peat
软泥 ooze
淤泥 mire, oozed mud, sludge, warp clay
冲积物(层) alluvion
冲积的 alluvial
洪积物(层) proluvium, diluvium, diluvion
洪积的 diluvial
坡积物(层)deluvium
残积物(层)eluvium
残积的 eluvial
风积物(层)eolian deposits
湖积物(层)lake deposits
海积物(层)marine deposits
冰川沉积物(层)glacier (drift)deposits
崩积物(层) colluvial deposits, colluvium
残积粘土 residual clay
变质岩 metamorphic rock
板岩 slate
千枚岩 phyllite
片岩 schist
片麻岩 gneiss
石英岩 quartzite
大理岩 marble
糜棱岩 mylonite
混合岩 migmatite
碎裂岩 cataclasite
3地质构造
地质构造 geologic structure
结构构造 structural texture
大地构造 geotectonic
构造运动 tectogenesis
造山运动 orogeny
升降运动 vertical movement
水平运动 horizontal movement
完整性 perfection(integrity)
起伏度 waviness
尺寸效应 size effect
围压效应 confining pressure effect
产状要素 elements of attitude
产状 attitude, orientation
走向 strike
倾向 dip
倾角 dip angle, angle of dip
褶皱 fold
褶曲 fold
单斜 monocline
向斜 syncline
背斜 anticline
穹隆 dome
挤压 squeeze
上盘 upper section
下盘 bottom wall, footwall, lower wall
断距 separation
相交 intersect
断层 fault
正断层 normal fault
逆断层 reversed fault
平移断层 parallel fault
层理 bedding, stratification
微层理 light stratification
地堑 graben
地垒 horst, fault ridge
断层泥 gouge, pug, selvage, fault gouge
擦痕 stria, striation
断裂 fracture
破碎带 fracture zone
节理 joint
节理组 joint set
裂隙 fissure, crack
微裂隙 fine fissure, microscopic fissure
劈理 cleavage
原生裂隙 original joint
次生裂隙 epigenetic joint
张裂隙 tension joint
剪裂隙 shear joint
卸荷裂隙 relief crack
裂隙率 fracture porosity
结构类型 structural pattern
岩体结构 rock mass structure
岩块 block mass
结构体 structural element
块度 blockness
结构面 structural plane
软弱结构面 weak plane
临空面 free face
碎裂结构 cataclastic texture
板状结构 platy structure
薄板状 lamellose
块状的 lumpy, massive
层状的 laminated
巨厚层 giant thick-laminated
薄层状的 finely laminated
软弱夹层 weak intercalated layer
夹层 inter bedding,
intercalated bed, interlayer, intermediate layer
夹泥层 clayey intercalation
夹泥 inter-clay
连通性 connectivity
切层 insequent
影响带 affecting zone
完整性 integrity n.
Integrate v。 & a。
degree of integrality
破碎 crumble
胶结 cement
泥化 argillization
尖灭 taper-out
错动 diastrophism
错动层面 faulted bedding plane
断续的 intermittent
破碎 crumble
共轭节理 conjugated joint
散状 loose
透镜状的 lens-shaped a。
岩石碎片 crag
岩屑 cuttings, debris
薄膜 membrane, film
层理 stratification
高角度 high dip angle
缓倾角 low dip angle
反倾 anti-dip
互层 interbed v.
Interbedding n.
起伏的 unplanar
波状起伏的 undulate, undulating
粒径 particle size
构造层 tectonosphere
挤压 compression
均一的 homogeneous
剪切错动面 shear faulted, bedding zone
切割 dissection
切割的 dissected
致密 close, compact
构造岩 tectonite
糜棱岩 mylonite
断层角砾岩 fault breccia
方解石脉 calcite vein
碎块岩 clastic rock
角砾 breccia
岩粉 rock powder
岩屑 debris, debry
固结 consolidation
定向排列 oriented spread
构造应力 tectonic stress
残余应力 residual stress
4水文地质条件 hydrogeological conditions
水文循环 hydrologic cycle
大气圈 atmosphere
水圈 hydrosphere
岩石圈 geosphere
地表径流 surface runoff
地下径流 subsurface runoff
流域 valley, drainage basin
流域面积 drainage area, river basin area
汇水面积 catchment area
地下水 ground water, subsurface water
地表水 surface water
大气水 atmospheric water
气态水 aqueous (vapour) water
液态水 liquid water
固态水 solid water
上层滞水 perched water
潜水 phreatic water
承压水 confined water
吸着水 hygroscopic (adsorptive) water
介质 medium
空隙 void
孔隙水压力 pore water pressure
渗透压力 osmotic pressure, seepage force
扬压力 uplift pressure
静水压力 hydrostaticpressure
外静水压力 external hydrostatic pressure
动水压力 hydrodynamic pressure
渗透力 seepage pressure
外水压力 external water pressure
内水压力 internal water pressure
水力联系 hydraulic interrelation
水力折减系数 hydraulic reduction coefficient
水头损失 water head loss
渗透途径 filtration path, seepage path
渗透系数 penetration coefficient
潜水位 watertable level
水位 water level, stage level
水头 water head
含水层 aquifer
弱含水层(弱透水层) aquitard
滞水层 aquiclude
透水层 permeable layer, pervious layer
不透水层(隔水层) aquifuge, impervious layer,
impermeable layer, aquiclude
潜水含水层 phreatic aquifer
承压含水层 confined aquifer, artesian aquifer
承压面 bearing surface
潜水面 phreatic surface, water table
浸润线 phreatic curve
不透水边界 impervious boundary
地下分水岭 groundwater ridge
粘滞性 viscosity
富水性 abundance
透水性(渗透性)permeability
淋滤(溶滤作用)lixiviation, leaching
反滤层 inverted gravel filter
水锈 incrustation
渗滴 seep
饱和 saturation, saturated
潜水位变化带 zone of variable phreatic level
气象因素 meteorological factor
饱水带 zone of saturation
包气带 aeration zone, zone of aeration
包气带水aeration zone water
上层滞水 perched water
孔隙水 pore water
裂隙水 fissure water
岩溶水 karstic water
结合水 bound water, combined water
吸着水 hydroscopic water
薄膜水 pellicular water
毛细水 capillary water
重力水 gravitational water
凝结水 condensation water
地下水埋藏条件condition of groundwater occurrence
地下水埋藏深度 depth of groundwater occurrence
压水试验 packer permeability test
抽水试验 pumping test
5物理力学性质
物理力学physical mechanics n.
Physico—mechanical a。
屈服准则 yield criteria
米赛斯屈服准则 Von Mises yield criteria
朗肯土压力理论 Ranking’s earth pressure theory
剑桥模型 Cambridge model, Cam—model
邓肯—张模型Duncan—chang model
本构方程constitutive equation
局部剪切破坏local shear failure
整体剪切破坏general shear failure
岩体完整性指数intactness index of rock mass
安全系数factor of safety
埋深embedment depth
试件coupons
挠度deflection
里氏震级Richter scale
设计烈度design intensity
基本烈度basic intensity
场地烈度site intensity
地震烈度seismic intensity, intensity scale
卓越周期predominant period
持力层sustained yield
超载surcharge
围岩压力surrounding rock stress
附加压力superimposed stress
应力松弛stress relaxation
应力路迳stress path
卸荷 unload
渗透率specific permeability
饱和度degree of saturation
含水量moisture content
平均粒径mean diameter
颗粒grain, granule, particle
颗粒级配 distribution of grain-size,
grain composition, size distribution
级配 graduation,
grain—size distribution, gradation, grading
粒度coarseness grain size, granularity, lump
不均匀系数 coefficient of non—uniformity,
variation coefficient, variation factor
颗粒分级gradation, size grading
孔隙水 pore water
孔隙比void ratio (ration)
空隙率air voids
孔隙率porosity
裂隙率crackity
溶隙率karstity
密度 density
重度unit weight, bulk weight
浮重度buoyant unit weight
折减系数 reduction factor
压力消散 dissipation of pressure
抗力系数 coefficient of resistance
软化系数 softening coefficient
含水量 water content
稠度 consistency
塑限plastic limit
液限liquid limit
塑性指数plasticity index
液性指数liquidity index
流变 rheological
蠕变 creep
塑性plastic
脆性brittleness(fragility)
粘性stickness
刚性rigidity
弹性的 elastic
粘弹性 viso—elasticity
弹塑性 elasto—plasticity
压缩性 compressibility
均质性homogeneity
非均质性nonhomogeneity (heterogeneity)
各向同性isotropy
各向异性anisotropy
总应力 total stress
有效应力 effective stress
超孔隙水压力 excess pore pressure
孔隙水压力 pore water pressure
抗压强度compressive strength
抗拉强度tensile strength
抗剪强度 shear strength
不排水抗剪强度undrained shear strenght
峰值抗剪强度peak share strength
长期抗剪强度long—term shear strength
残余抗剪强度residual shear strength
负摩擦力negative skin friction, dragdown
摩擦角 angle of friction
内摩擦角angle of internal friction
外摩擦角angle of external friction
内聚力cohesion
粘聚力 cohesion
假凝聚力pseudo—cohesion
粘着力 adhesion
摩尔圆 Mohr's circle
包络线 envelope
休止角 angle of repose,
angle of friction(repose, rest), repose angle
峰值 peak
模量 modulus
弹性模量 modulus of elasticity,
Young’s modulus, elastic modulus
压缩模量 modulus of compressibility
变形模量 modulus of deformation
卸荷模量unloading modulus
切线模量tangent modulus
剪切模量shear modulus
割线模量secant modulus
旁压模量pressurmeter modulus
泊松比 poisson's ration
固结 consolidation
固结系数 coefficient of consolidation
固结度degree of consolidation
超固结比 over consolidation ration
应变 strain
压缩比 compressibility ratio
压缩系数 coefficient of compressibility
压缩指数 compression index
初始曲线 virgin curve
正常固结土normally consolidated soil
欠固结土under—consolidated soil
超固结土over-consolidated soil
被动土压力passive earth pressure
主动土压力active earth pressure
静止土压力earth pressure at rest
覆盖压力overburden pressure
初始应力initial stress
地应力场ground(geostatic) stress field
有效应力effective stress
动应力dynamic stress
动荷载dynamic load
偏心荷载eccentric loads
循环荷载inclined loads
地应力 ground stress, geostatic stress
初始应力 initial stress
应力场 stress field
纵波longitudinal wave
液化势liquefaction potential
液化指数liquefaction index
交角angular
岩石抗力系数coefficient of rock resistance
容许承载力allowable bearing capacity
临塑压力critical pressure
接触压力contact pressure
6工程地质问题
工程地质问题 engineering geological problem
定性评价 qualitative estimate
定量评价 quantitative estimate
极限平衡法 limit equilibrium method
不良地质现象 unfavorable geological condition
风化 weathering
变形 deformation
位移 displacement
不均匀位移differential movement
相对位移relative displacement
沉陷 settlement
山崩 avalanche, toppling
崩塌 toppling, toppling collapse
滑坡、地滑 creep, slide
切层滑坡 insequent landslide
深层滑坡 deep slide
浅层滑坡 shallow slide
顺层滑坡 consequent landslide
滑动面
sliding surface, sliding plane, slip surface
滑动带 sliding zone
滑床 slide bed
滑坡体 slide(sliding) mass
古滑坡 fossil landslide
推移式滑坡 slumping slide
牵引式滑坡 retrogressive slide
管涌 piping, internal erosion
渗漏 leakage
流砂 quicksand
渗流 seepage
液化 liquefaction
7工程勘察 engineering investigation
工程地质勘察engineering geology investigation
岩土工程勘察geotechnical investigation
工程地质条件engineering geological condition
工程地质评价engineering geological evaluation
勘测survey
岩芯采取率core recovery, core extraction
岩芯获得率
RQD(岩石质量指标) rock quality designation
程序(步骤)procedure
勘察阶段investigational stage
选点踏勘 reconnaissance
初步设计 primary design
初步规划 preliminary schem
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