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定时训练(12)
Ⅰ.完形填空
体裁：说明文 话题：友情 时间：14分钟
People always say that teenage friendships are the most precious.Kids are too__1__to understand real friendship while adults tend to relate it to fame and wealth.
Things are__2__with high school best friends.We share each other's__3__．We discuss news from all walks of life and begin to__4__our values.We__5__each other on the journey to the biggest challenge in our lives.We also share success and failure.The__6__of friendship become deeply rooted.
Many of us don't realize this until we enter__7__．One of my friends，Cora，experienced how__8__the bond with high school friends can be.“It was my high school friend who helped me get through the darkest days in my life，” Cora said.
In 2001 Cora__9__her job in New York.Cora's best friend was staying in a college dormitory and took her in.Each night the two girls squeezed(挤) into a__10__single bed，chatting and crying.“I'll never forget her care and encouragement，which supported me out of the__11__，” said Cora.
I still remember my__12__days in Senior 3.At the time，I__13__a 20－page message with my best friend，both of us hoping to keep the friendship going forever.
But we didn't realize we were__14__deep in each other's heart.During the past 10 years，whenever I've needed help or wanted to pour out my__15__，she has always been there at the other end of a telephone line.
【语篇导读】 作者通过孩子与成人的比较说明友情在不同年龄段的认知特点。
1．A.silly B．young
C．slow D．naughty
解析 此处指孩子年龄还太小(young)，不懂得真正的友情。
答案 B
2．A.different B．familiar
C．simple D．comfortable
解析 上文讲了孩提时期还不懂得真正的友情，成年人则常把友情同名声、财宝联系在一起。依据其次段及下文所描述的状况可知，高中时期最要好的伴侣之间的友情则与上述两种情形不一样，故用different。
答案 A
3．A.success B．failure
C．values D．secrets
解析 此处指共享彼此的“隐秘”。A、B、C三项在下文中都做了描述，故可排解，否则重复。
答案 D
4．A.shape B．change
C．design D．discover
解析 此处指争辩生活中方方面面的事情并开头“形成”自己的价值观。
答案 A
5．A.praise B．blame
C．inform D．support
解析 依据该空后的“...to the biggest challenge...”及本段中的“We also share success and failure.”可知，本句句意为：在通向我们人生最大挑战的旅途中，我们彼此“支持”。
答案 D
6．A.flowers B．fruits
C．leaves D．seeds
解析 本句用了比方。四个选项中能与句中的rooted搭配的只可能是D项。此处指在相互争辩、彼此支持、共享成败的过程中，友情的“种子”深深地扎根于我们之间。
答案 D
7．A.university B．classroom
C．society D．hotel
解析 依据下文讲的Cora的例子可知，她是在出了学校进入社会后才体会到高中时期友情的贵重，而作者在下文中讲的自己的经受也是如此。因此，本句句意为：我们很多人直到进入“社会”后才生疏到这一点。
答案 C
8．A.strong B．free
C．clear D．weak
解析 Cora在进入社会后，体会到与高中的好伴侣之间的关系是多么紧密。strong在此意为“紧密的，坚固的”。
答案 A
9．A.got B．found
C．lost D．changed
解析 依据下文讲的Cora和她的好伴侣挤在一张单人床上以及上文中的the darkest days可知，Cora“失去”了工作。
答案 C
10．A.new B．narrow
C．warm D．large
解析 依据该空前的squeezed(挤) into及该空后的single bed可知，床应当很“窄”。
答案 B
11．A.circle B．marriage
C．darkness D．loneliness
解析 依据上文中的the darkest days可知，Cora把失业那一段时间称为人生中最黑暗的日子，故此处指她的好伴侣的关怀和鼓舞挂念她走出了“黑暗”。
答案 C
12．A.lonely B．busy
C．sad D．last
解析 两人交换着信息，期望能长期保持相互之间的友情，由此情景可推断出应是在高三“最终的”日子里。
答案 D
13．A.sent B．completed
C．wrote D．exchanged
解析 作者和好伴侣交换(exchange)了长达二十页的信息，期望友情能够长存。
答案 D
14．A.already B．even
C．instead D．still
解析 依据本文叙述的重点“高中时期的友情是最贵重的”可知，此处指当时她们还没有意识到她们“已经”在彼此的内心深处了。
答案 A
15．A.excitement B．breath
C．unhappiness D．joy
解析 此处应指在作者想倾吐内心的“不快”时也会给她最好的伴侣打电话。
答案 C
Ⅱ.语法填空
Each story is different.Some are detailed；others are unclear.Some have a beginning，middle and end；__1__ wander without a clear conclusion.Yet all those things do not really matter.__2__ matters to the storyteller is that the story is heard—without __3__ (interrupt)，statement or judgment.Listening to someone's story costs __4__(little) than expensive diagnostic testing but is key to healing and analysis.
I often thought of what a woman once taught me，and I reminded __5__ of the importance of stopping，sitting down and __6__(true) listening.
I am a doctor.And，not long after，in __7__ unexpected twist(扭伤)，I became the patient，with a judgment of numerous sclerosis(细胞壁硬化) at age 31.Now，20 years later，I sit all the time—in a wheelchair.For as long as I could，I continued to see patients from my chair，__8__ I had to quit when my hands __9__ (affect)．I still teach medical students and other health care professionals，but now __10__ the viewpoint of a physician and patient，I tell them I believe in the power of listening and tell them I know that vast healing takes place within me when someone stops，sits down and listens to my story.
答案 1.others 2.What 3.interruption 4.less
5．myself 6.truly 7.an 8.but 9.were affected
10．from
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文 话题：西方文化 时间：6分钟
In my opinion，Halloween is the most misunderstood holiday of the year.I am aware that the word “holiday” implies holy day.Unfortunately，most things that people don't understand can become fearful.
The biggest misunderstanding about Halloween is that it is a day for devil worshipping.Halloween is now celebrated on October 31 as a costume and candy holiday，but those traditions have actual meaning in history.
October 31st was celebrated as a holiday with great festivals because it marks the end of the harvest year.It also marks the end of the lighter half of the year and the beginning of the darker half of the year，because the light of day gets shorter and the dark of night gets longer.In ancient cultures，this was a really meaningful event.
Also it is believed that on this day，the veil between the worlds(dead and alive) is at its thinnest point and that the spirits can most easily pass through it.It is a very special day to honor spirit.Many people in ancient times believing that the dead would walk among us became fearful and designed strange costumes to fool the dead，which is where the tradition of Halloween costumes comes from.Besides，because Halloween marks the beginning of the darker half of the year，many people saw that as evil and became frightened and therefore had such negative associations with this time of year.
Halloween，for me，is a deeply personal holiday.It is a time to reflect on the spiritual nature of myself.It is a day to reconnect to the magical things in life，such as how the love that I feel for my grandmother，who passed away over ten years ago，is still as strong now when I think of her as it ever was when I could be with her in person.My husband and I exchanged our wedding vows(誓言) on Halloween because I couldn't think of a more meaningful or romantic day to pledge our love and life to each other.
【语篇导读】 本文介绍了万圣节为什么让人们产生负面的联想。
1．In ancient cultures，people celebrated October 31st because________．
A．they felt extremely frightened on this day
B．this day marked the end of the harvest year
C．this day marked the beginning of a new year
D．they thought this day had a magical power
解析 细节理解题。依据第三段第一句和最终一句可知，在古代文化习俗中，人们庆祝10月31日是由于这一天是一年收获结束的标志，故选B项。
答案 B
2．How do people come to misunderstand Halloween nowadays?
A．They regard it as a special harvest holiday.
B．They think it'll bring them bad luck.
C．They think the dead will trouble them on this day.
D．They regard it as a day to worship the dead.
解析 细节理解题。依据其次段第一句“The biggest misunderstanding about Halloween is that it is a day for devil worshipping.”可知，人们误会万圣节是由于人们认为这一天是来敬奉死者的。
答案 D
3．Why did people in ancient times wear strange costumes on Halloween?
A．To attract people's attention.
B．To threaten the children.
C．To fool the dead.
D．To cheat others.
解析 细节理解题。依据第四段第三句可知，人们穿上怪异的服装是为了哄骗死人的灵魂。
答案 C
4．In the author's opinion，Halloween is a day to______．
A．enjoy delicious foods
B．show our love to others
C．recall the wonderful times
D．check our past behavior
解析 推理推断题。依据最终一段其次、三句可推知，作者认为万圣节是回忆人生奇特时间的时候，故选C项。
答案 C
5．What is the passage mainly about?
A．How to celebrate Halloween.
B．How Halloween became popular.
C．The special meaning of Halloween.
D．Why Halloween has a bad reputation.
解析 主旨大意题。本文介绍了人们对万圣节存在误会的缘由，即介绍了万圣节为什么让人们产生负面的联想，因此D项正确。
答案 D
B
体裁：说明文 话题：现代科技 时间：8分钟
Plastic is one of the most important technological discoveries of the 20th century.However，it may soon be replaced.The new development—liquid wood—can replace plastics in all branches of modern industries.
Plastic as a material enjoys the biggest demand in the modern world，but it does have a number of drawbacks.First and foremost，plastic isn't recyclable.Secondly，it contains toxins (毒物) helping develop cancerous diseases.Finally，it's made of oil and oil reserves aren't endless.
The liquid wood technology is likely to replace plastic and provide mankind with new materials for many years ahead.Norbert Eisenfreich，a senior researcher at the Faunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology (ICT) in Germany，said that arboform，the new material，is made of lignin (木质素)，which can be obtained from soft tissues of wood.Once mixed with several other materials，it turns into solid and non－toxic alternative for plastics.
ICT team leader Emilia Regina Inone－Kauffmann said the wood－working industry separates wood into three basic components，including lignin.Lignin isn't used for the production of paper.Specialists of ICT mixed lignin with several natural materials and thus invented the material which could be melted and molded (铸型)．
When solid，arboform looks like plastic and possesses the qualities of polished wood.It can be used for the production of any items.Arboform is already used for the production of car parts which require extra strength.In addition，liquid wood can be recycled repeatedly.The material preserved all of its qualities even if it's reprocessed ten times.
However，the new invention doesn't enjoy an extensive use due to the high content of sulphur (硫) in it.German researchers are sure to reduce the amount of sulphur by 90 percent very soon to make arboform usable for home needs.
【语篇导读】 塑料制品是20世纪最重要的创造之一，但由于其缺点与不足，将被另外一种全新的材料所取代。
6．According to the passage，plastic________．
A．plays a big role in the modern world
B．helps to protect our environment in some way
C．has been replaced by the newly discovered material
D．helps us to reduce the use of petrol
解析 细节理解题。由文章第一段第一句和常识可知，塑料是现代社会中不行或缺的原材料。
答案 A
7．The underlined word “alternative” in Paragraph 3 refers to________．
A．lignin or arboform
B．plastics
C．mixture of several materials
D．soft tissues of wood
解析 词义猜想题。由上文的条件状语从句可知，arboform和其他几种材料混合以后，就变成了不含毒的固体，成为塑料的alternative，也就是说alternative指的就是arboform和几种材料的混合物。
答案 C
8．What's the advantage of arboform over plastics?
A．It is easily made from natural oil.
B．It is more widely used in household.
C．It is recyclable and friendly to the environment.
D．It contains no poisonous materials.
解析 细节理解题。由文章倒数其次段可知，arboform是可以被重复循环利用的，因而对环境也有利。
答案 C
9．It can be concluded that German researchers will focus their future work firstly on________．
A．the material's extensive use
B．the content of sulphur in arboform
C．the production cost of arboform
D．the qualities of liquid wood
解析 推理推断题。由文章最终一段可知，arboform之所以还没有得到广泛应用是由于它的硫含量太高，故德国的争辩者会首先把争辩重点置于降低硫含量上。
答案 B
10．The main purpose of the passage is to________．
A．advertise the new material—arboform
B．introduce liquid wood which will replace plastic
C．advertise new products made of arboform
D．show readers how to produce arboform
解析 推理推断题。文章通过拿arboform和塑料作比较，一是为了介绍arboform这种新材料，同时也为了说明arboform即将取代塑料这一趋势。
答案 B
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