2022高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习及答案03.docx

完形填空(2022福州模拟)On a cold December morning, my mother and I were walking home from a pizza store. We were dressed warmly and equipped1the video we had been dying to watch. I was feeling a little2, as I was carrying our shopping, bags of snacks and the video. They were so heavy that I decided to3some things. So I started to walk towards the garbage can when I4a poor man walking his bike out of the restaurant in front of us. He held a paper bag with his dirty hand. He5over to another nearby garbage can and started6it. I suddenly felt very7. I knew this man would take all he could get, 8I walked up to him and9the drink and some snacks over to him. The man, with lines on his face and wrinkles on his forehead, looked up in10and took what I gave him. A huge smile11across his face and this caused me to feel indescribable12. I felt like I couldnt be13with myself, but then he said, “Wow, first someone gives me this sandwich, then this drink, and now some14food; this is my daughters15day! ”He thanked me16and started off on his bike. I even heard him whistling a song as he rode away. I now17what is meant by the saying“giving is getting”. Everyone in the world needs help, everyone can18help and everyone will be helped by showing19. The image of that mans happiness caused by my small gift appears in my mind every time I have the20to do something nice. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 作者通过自身经受感悟到“付出即是回报”这一深刻的人生哲理。1. A. forB. ofC. withD. about【解析】选C。固定搭配题。be equipped with表示“带有; 配备有”。2. A. excitedB. puzzledC. tiredD. satisfied【解析】选C。前后照应题。依据后半句及其次段第一句可知作者拿着那么多东西感到有点“累”。3. A. pick outB. eat upC. put downD. throw away【解析】选D。规律推理题。依据下一句作者走向垃圾箱及本句前半句可知作者想扔掉一些物品。4. A. heardB. noticedC. feltD. watched【解析】选B。词义辨析题。作者“留意到”饭店外一位可怜的人推着自行车。如选择D项, 意味着作者始终在凝视着这个人, 明显与文意不符。5. A. headedB. rodeC. ranD. fled【解析】选A。词义辨析题。head此处是动词, 意思是“朝方向走”。依据本段前面walking一词可知他没有骑车, 所以B项错误。6. A. breaking intoB. looking throughC. staring atD. searching for【解析】选B。短语辨析题。他认真地往垃圾箱里看, 期望能发觉自己所需要的东西。C项指因惊异、生气或恐惊等而凝视, 因此不恰当。如选择D项, 应去掉for。7. A. coldB. afraidC. guiltyD. content【解析】选C。词义辨析题。他的凄惨境况让作者感到“内疚”。8. A. butB. becauseC. soD. if【解析】选C。规律推理题。作者知道他因生活所迫会拿走任何可以带走的东西, “所以”就走了过去。9. A. turnedB. thoughtC. tookD. handed【解析】选D。固定搭配题。作者格外怜悯他, 把饮料和一些零食“递给”了他。10. A. surpriseB. detailC. caseD. return【解析】选A。固定搭配题。一位素不相识的生疏人竟然给了自己这么多东西, 所以他感到很“吃惊”。11. A. disappearedB. pausedC. existedD. spread【解析】选D。词义辨析题。他的脸上荡起了笑容。12. A. disappointmentB. shameC. satisfactionD. victory【解析】选C。规律推理题。作者没有想到自己的举手之劳给了对方这么多欢快, 因此格外“满足”。13. A. sadderB. angrierC. happierD. crazier【解析】选C。固定搭配题。作者从来没有这么“兴奋”过。14. A. cheapB. tastyC. cleanD. useful【解析】选B。规律推理题。依据前半句可知是“美味的”食物。15. A. luckyB. busyC. interestingD. quiet【解析】选A。规律推理题。能吃到如此可口的食品, 女儿很“幸运”。16. A. carefullyB. happilyC. calmlyD. fortunately【解析】选B。规律推理题。他“兴奋地”谢过我就骑车离开了。17. A. rememberB. understandC. appreciateD. recognize【解析】选B。规律推理题。作者现在才“理解”giving is getting的含义。18. A. refuseB. receiveC. offerD. find【解析】选C。固定搭配题。每个人都可以“供应”挂念。19. A. kindnessB. eagernessC. willingnessD. braveness【解析】选A。词义辨析题。“友爱”可以使每个人都得到挂念。20. A. chanceB. desireC. purposeD. feeling【解析】选A。固定搭配题。作者每次遇到做好事的“机会”, 脑海中总会毁灭出那个人。阅读理解。On May 23, 1989, Stefania Follini came out from a cave at Carlsbad, New Mexico. She hadnt seen the sun for eighteen and a half weeks. Stefania was in a research program, and the scientists in the program were studying body rhythms (节奏).In this experiment Stefania had spent 130 days in a cave, 30 feet in depth. During her time in the cave, Stefania had been completely alone except for two white mice. Her living place had been very comfortable, but there had been nothing to fell her the time. Shed had no clock or watches, no television or radio. There had been no natural light and the temperature had always been kept at 21. The results were very interesting. Stefania had been in the cave for over four months, but she thought she had been there for only two. Her body clock had changed. She hadnt kept to a 24-hour day. She had stayed awake for 20-25 hours and then had slept for 10 hours. She had eaten fewer meals and had lost 17lbs in weight as a result! She had also become rather depressed (抑郁). How had she spent her time in the cave? As part of the experiment shed done some physical and mental tests. Shed recorded her daily activities and the results of the tests on a computer. This computer had been specially programmed for the project. Whenever she was free, shed played cards, read books and listened to music. Shed also learned French from tapes. The experiment showed that our body clocks are affected by light and temperature, For example, the pattern of day and night makes us wake up and go to sleep. However, People are affected in different ways. Some people wake up naturally at 5:00 am, but others dont start to wake up till 9:00 or 10;00 am. This affects the whole daily rhythm. As a result, the early risers are at their best in the late morning. The late risers, on the other hand, are tired during the day and only come to life in the afternoon or evening! ( ) 1. Stefania stayed in the cave for a long time because_. A. she was asked to do research on mice B. she wanted to experience loneliness C. she was the subject of a study D. she needed to record her life 【答案】C。.细节理解题.依据第一段中 Stefania was in a research program 和整段的意思,可以排 除 A,B,D 项. ( ) 2. What is a cause for the change of Stefanias body clock? A. Eating fewer meals. B. Having more hours of sleep C. Lacking physical exercise. D. Getting no natural light.【答案】D.。细节理解题.依据其次段中 She hadnt kept to a 24-hour day. She had stayed awake for 20-25 hours and then had slept for 10 hours.可知答案. ( ) 3. Where does the text probably come from?A. A novel. B. A news story. C. A pet magazine. D. A travel guide 【答案】B.。推理推断题.从全文的内容来看,本文主要报道了一个试验及试验得出的结果,所 以由此推断本文可能来自于新闻报道,A 项小说不行能.由于文章没有小说的特点;C 项不 正确,本文没有涉及宠物问题;D 项不正确,由于本文也没涉及旅游的问题. 阅读理解。Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a companys environmental reputation was not good enough.Harry Morrison, chief executive（主管）of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes：“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is tickingwe dont have much time. In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions（排放）. Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted（授予）the standard, they can use a logo（标识）in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said. ( ) 1. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.B. Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.C. Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.D. Firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers environmental awareness.( ) 2. The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means“ ”.A. affect B. change C. disturb D. reject( ) 3. According to Harry Morrison, businesses .A. will benefit from cutting carbon emissionsB. should buy carbon allowances for shoppersC. are required to make up for their carbon emissionsD. have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere( ) 4. We can learn from the passage that businesses will .A. have a strong desire to reduce costsB. use the same logo in their marketingC. gain advantages by taking early actionD. attract more shoppers by storing goods【语篇解读】本篇文章为说明文。现在顾客购物已经开头考虑环保的问题。面临顾客环保的心理需求，企业只有主动实行措施，削减排放，才会更好地赢得顾客的信任，进而获得更好的收益1、答案 D。【解析】主旨大意题。依据第一段最终一句“However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns”及最终一段第一句可知，企业因购买者的环保意识而去减排。故选D项。KS*5U.C2、答案 A。【解析】词义猜想题。由本段中“while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy”可知，现在三分之二的顾客在购物时对环境的考虑比一年前程度加深了。因此A项符合句子意思3、答案 A。解析】推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句“cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand”可以推断出：商业会受益于减排。因此A项符合文章。4、答案 C。【解析】推理推断题。依据第五段最终一句“This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers”可知，早实行行动减排的企业可以更好地吸引顾客。因此可以推断出C项。阅读理解。Exploit your parking spaceAn unused parking space or garage can make money. If you live near a city center or an airport, you could make anything up to 200 or 300 a week. Put an advertisement（广告）for free on Let park or At my house park.Rent（出租）a roomSpare room? Not only will a lodger（房客）earn you an income, but also, thanks to the government-backed “rent a room” program, you wont have to pay any tax on the first 4500 you make per year. Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommateeasy.Make money during special eventsWont want a full-time lodger? Then rent on a short-term basis. If you live in the capital, renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money, Grashpadder can advertise your space. Live on set Renting your home out as a “film set” could earn you hundreds of pounds a day, depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed. A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of online companies that allow you to register your home for freebut you will be charged if your home gets picked.Use your roof You need the right kind of roof, but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment(around14,000), and let you use the energy produced for nothing. In return, they get paid for unused energy fed back into the National Grid. However, you have to sign a 25-year agreement with the supplier, which could prevent you from changing the roof.( ) 1. If you earn 5000 from renting a room in one year, the tax you need to pay will be based on _.A. 800 B. 500 C. 4500 D.5000( ) 2. Where can you put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event?A. On Letpark. B. On Roomspare.C. On Grashpadder. D. On Roommateeasy.( ) 3. If you want to use energy free, you have to_.A. sign an agreement with the governmentB. pay around 14,000 for the equipmentC. sell the roof to some energy companiesD. keep the roof unchanged for within 25 years( ) 4. For whom the text most probably written?A. Lodgers. B. Advertisers.C. House owners. D. Online companies阅读理解。 Every year 2.2 million tons of oil are spilled ( 散落，溅出 ) into the ocean. Actually, this only amounts to a small percentage of the total 1.6 billion tons of oil shipped around the world each year.However, this spilled oil has terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the off washes up onto shore. Some of the largest spills in history were caused by oil tankers running into each other or by an oil tanker sailing into shallow water and hitting the bottom of the ocean. After these spills, officials try to discover who or what was at fault to help prevent similar accidents in the future. One of the worst oil spills in history occurred along the Alaskan coastline in 1989. In this accident, 42,000 tons of oil spilled from a tanker which resulted in terrible damage to this sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tankers captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to take a rest. He gave control of the ship to the third mate. The third mate was unfamiliar with the path the ship took, and he ran the ship onto Blighe Reef. Blighe Reef is a natural underwater rock wall near the Alaskan coast. Damaged by the reef, the ship leaked oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Some scientists who studied nature in the area guessed that 580,000 birds and 5,500 otters died when the oil from the spill covered their skin. As well, smaller shellfish and other sea creatures were later eaten by seals, whales, and other animals. The most oil ever spilled was actually dumped on purpose as an act of ecological warfare. The term ecological warfare means to fight by doing harm to nature in the area under attack. In 1990, Iraq sent soldiers into Kuwait and set off the Persian Gulf War. As part of the Iraq war plan,900,000 tons of oil were let out into the Persian Gulf Way Iraq. This oil covered 1,500 square kilometers of water in the Persian Gulf. The oil also damaged 650 kilometers of the coastline of both Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. In some places, oil floating on the water was measured to be 43 centimeters thick. Water birds, water plants, and baby fish were all seriously affected by the oil. The long-term effects of this act on the food chain in the area are bound to cause problems tar into the future.1. Which cause of oil spills is described in the second paragraph? A. Dumping B. War C.Accidents D.Throwing about carelessly答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节理解题。从其次段的前半部分可知，由于油轮的船长过度工作并且喝醉，将船交给了船上的另外一名对船的航线不生疏的人，从而导致了触礁大事。故选C。2. The creatures affected by the oil spill near Alaska were_. A. birds and otters B. shellfish C. seals and whales D. all of the above答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。从其次段最终两句话 “Some scientists who studied nature in the area guessed that 580,000 birds and 5,