2021年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练系列2-Word版含答案.docx

2021年高考高频词汇必背及训练系列2
1.suffer vt.& vi.
suffer作及物动词，但无被动语态，宾语常是pain，loss，defeat，punishment，hardship等。而suffer from表示“患病……之苦，患某种疾病”。
(1)vt.患病，经受
This area suffered a great loss in the earthquake.
这一地区在地震中患病重大损失。
The Democrats suffered a crushing defeat in the last election.民主党在上次选举中患病了惨败。He suffered great pain/no pain.
他患病了很大的苦痛/没患病苦痛。
(2)vi.受苦；患病(常与from连用，意思为“因……而受苦，受……之苦”)
【拓展】
suffering n．苦痛；苦难，但指种种苦难、苦痛时常用复数。
He died without any suffering.
他死时没有任何苦痛。
He told me all about his sufferings.
他告知我他所经受的种种苦难。
(1)He would rather________death than let out the secret.
A．suffer B．suffer from C．be suffered D．be suffering
(2)________such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A．Having suffered B．Suffering C．To suffer D．Suffer
2.pressure n．压，按；压力；困难
The team performs well under pressure.
这个队在压力下表现良好。
The barriers gave way under the pressure of the crowd.
拥挤的人群把路障推倒了。
She's got a lot of pressure on her at work just now.
她现在工作压力很大。
考点提示：
under the pressure of　　　　 在……的压力下
come/go under pressure 在压力/强制下
bring...under pressure 压制……
put/bring pressure on 给……压力；强迫
cause pressure 造成压力
suffer pressure 承受压力
Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their ________ some people drink alcohol.
A．temper B．mood C．consciousness D．press
完成句子
(1)He had to leave the girl who he loved so deeply_________(在……的压力下)public opinion.
(2)Advertisements______________(迫使)girls to be thin.
3.reduce
(1)vt.削减，降低(翻译较机敏)
reduce expenses　　　缩减开支
reduce the price 降低价格
reduce the pressure 减轻压力
The plane reduced speed as it approached the airport.
当飞临机场时，飞机减慢了速度。
(2)vi.缩减到(＋to)；缩减了(＋by)
We had to reduce the price from 5 dollars to 3 dollars.
我们不得不把价格从5美元降到3美元。
That is to say，we have to reduce the price by 2 dollars.
那就是说我们不得不降价2美元。
考点提示：
表示“增加”的词有：increase，rise，go up
表示“削减”的词有：decrease，reduce，go down，drop
单项填空
(1)She reduced her weight ________ 5 kilograms.
A．to B．towards C．for D．by
(2)—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.
—Yes.But I'm sure something will be done to ________ air pollution.
A．reduce B．remove C．collect D．warn
4.diet n．饮食，节食
作可数名词时，常指为了某种特定的目的，定质、定量的饮食。
be on a diet在节食，在减肥
She couldn't help eating delicious fish and meat，though she is on a diet.尽管她在减肥，但还是忍不住吃些鱼和肉。
用food，diet填空
(1)I can smell the delicious ________ on the table.
(2)A healthy________ can benefit you a lot.
5.care v. ①介意，关怀，关注 ②照看，照料 n. ①担忧，苦恼 ②[U]照料，护理 ③留意，当心[同attention; caution]
完成句子
①留意不要把这婴儿吵醒了。
__________________ that you don't wake the baby.
②她在照料我的婴儿。
She is ___________________________ my baby.
③只要你答应把我的照相机保管好就可以借去用。
You can borrow my camera if you promise to________________________________ it.
用about, for填空
④Einstein who cared little ________ money never cared ________ his salary.
⑤Would you care ________ some coffee?
6.catch v．①抓住，接住 ②赶上，搭上(车、船等)[反miss] ③理解，听懂[同understand; follow] ④感染(疾病) ⑤撞上，偶然发觉 ⑥吸引，引起(留意等)
完成句子/英译汉/单项选择
①老师捉住他考试舞弊。
The teacher caught him ________ in the exam.
[被动语态] He ___________________________.
②要是你耽搁很多课，你会很难赶上的。
If you miss a lot of lessons, it's very difficult
③At rush hour we are often caught in traffic.
_____________________________________________
④The painting on the wall caught my eye.
_____________________________________________
⑤I didn't catch what you said.
_____________________________________________
⑥The owner scolded the girl caught ________ flowers in his garden and let her off.
A. picking B. to pick C. to have picked D. to be picking
用catch up with或keep up with填空
⑦别跑了，我赶不上你了。
Don't run — I can't ________________________ you.
⑧为了跟上那些优秀同学，我们得努力学习了。
We have to work hard to _________ those excellent students.
7.prefer vt.宁可，宁愿；更宠爱
I prefer not to think about it.我不想考虑此事。
Would you prefer me to stay？你情愿我留下来吗？
考点提示：
prefer＋名词/代词　 更宠爱……
prefer to/do 更情愿做……(倾向具体的动作)
prefer doing 更情愿做……(倾向普遍的行为习惯)
prefer sb to do 更情愿某人做……
prefer that­clause 更情愿……(从句中常用虚拟语气，即“主语＋should do”，should可省略)
prefer to do A rather than do B　宁愿做A而不做B
prefer(doing)A to(doing)B　宁愿做A而不做B
(1)On a cold day he prefers ________ out to play football ________ at home.
A．going；rather stay B．going；to staying
C．to go；rather than staying D．to go；rather than to stay
(2)He prefers ________ lectures to the students to ________ to different boring conferences.
A．to give；be invited B．give；be invited
C．giving；be invited D．giving；being invited
8.advertisement n．广告(简写ad.)
Put an advertisement in the newspaper.在报纸上登广告。
She scanned the job/property advertisements in the paper.
她扫瞄了一下报纸的聘请/房地产广告。[剑桥高阶]
考点提示：
(1)advertise v．　　　　　　　　登广告，作广告
advertise sth 宣扬某物，为某物作广告
advertise for sth /sb 登广告征寻/聘请某物/人
(2)advertiser n. 做广告的人
(3)advertising n. 广告业
用advertise的适当形式填空
(1)They put ________ in the newspapers to ________ their new cars.
(2)With the development of ________，many ________ find their way to prove their abilities.
9.damage v. 损害，毁坏 n. 损害，损坏，损失
完成句子
①这次地震使一些建筑受到了破坏。
The earthquake ____________________________.
②火灾造成房屋严峻损毁。
The fire ____________________________ the houses.
③洪水使这个村子受到了严峻破坏。
The village ___________________________ the flood.
10.danger n. 危急[反safety]
用dangerous, in danger填空
①That dog is ill and ________________.
②That dog is ________________； it may bite.

答案：1.(1)A　(2)A
2. D　[句意：城市生活很困难，很多人为了缓解压力而喝啤酒。lose one's pressure 缓解压力；mood 心情；consciousness 意识；temper 脾气。]
(1)under the pressure of　(2)put pressure on
3.(1)D　[reduce...by...“把……削减了”；reduce...to“把……削减到”。句意：她体重减了5公斤。]
(2)A　[句意：——汽车在街上放出很多废气。——是的，但是我信任确定会实行措施来降低污染的。reduce削减，降低；remove移开；collect收集；warn警告。]
4.(1)food　(2)diet
5.①Take care　②taking care of　③take good care of ④for; about　⑤for
6.①cheating; was caught cheating in the exam　②to catch up
③在交通高峰时间我们经常遇到堵车。 ④墙上的画吸引了我。⑤我没听懂你说的话。
⑥A　该题考查catch sb. doing sth.这一结构，其被动形式为sb. be caught doing sth.。该句中caught是过去分词作后置定语，修饰the girl，相当于who was caught stealing。
⑦catch up with ⑧keep/catch up with
7.(1)B　(2)D
8.(1)advertisements；advertise (2)advertising；advertisers
9.①damaged several buildings　
②caused a lot of damage to　
③suffered serious damage from
10.①in danger　②dangerous